constructivism in karthik-160720194603.ppt

constructivism

2. Constructivism in Teaching
Introduction:
The21stcenturyclassroomisfilledwithavibrantassortmentof
learners.
Studentscomefromdifferenttypesofsocioeconomicbackgrounds,
withculturallyexperience,andlearningstyles.
Thesedynamicscreateachallengeforteachers.
Teachingmostalwaysbeadjustedtothelevelofthepupils.So
constructivistwayofteachingbepromotedintheclassroom.

3. Meaning of constructivism:
Constructivismisaratherheterogeneousidea.Weinventsour
ownconceptandideas,linkedtowhatwealreadyknow.This
meaningmakingtheoryoflearningiscalledconstructivism,
knowledgeisconstructedbylearnersthroughanactive,mental
processofdevelopment;learnersarethebuildersandreactorsof
meaningandknowledge.
Definition:
AccordingtoBrader-ArajeandJones(2002),Constructivismcanbe
definedas“theideathatdevelopmentofunderstandingrequiresthe
learnertoactivelyengageinmeaning–making”.

4. Varieties of constructivism:
Educationalconstructivism
Philosophicalconstructivism
Sociologicalconstructivism
Constructivism in Teaching:
 Constructivismteachingisbasedonthebeliefthatlearning
occursaslearnersareactivelyinvolvedinaprocessofmeaning
andknowledgeconstruction.Learnersarethemakersofmeaning
andknowledge.
Constructivismteachingfosterscriticalthinkingandcreates
motivatedandindependentlearners.

5. Piaget (1977) Explains
That,weaccommodatethenewinformationtoouroldway
ofthinkingbyrestructuringourpresentknowledgetoahigher
levelofthinking.
Constructivistteachingdependsuponthelearner’slevelof
cognitive.
Sensorymotorstage0-2years
Pre-operationalstage2-7years
Concreteoperationalstage7-11years
Formaloperationalstage12-15years

6. Activities in constructivist classroom:
Experiments
Researchproject
Fieldtrips
Films
ClassDiscussions
Role of Teachers: -
Intheconstructivistclassroomtheteacherroleisto
promptandfacilitatediscussion.
Theteachers’mainfocusshouldbeonguiding
studentsbyaskingquestions,itwillleadthemto
developtheirownconclusionsonthesubject

7. The constructivist classroom
Threemajorrolesforfacilitatorstosupportstudentsin
constructivistlearningenvironmentsare:
-Modeling
-Coaching
-Scaffolding
Aconstructivistclassroomenvironmentprovidesopportunitiesfor
studentstoquestionthematerialbeingpresentedandexplore
varioustopicsastheirinterests.
Thegoalistoproduceademocraticclassroomenvironmentthat
providesmeaningfullearningexperiencesforautonomouslearners.
Inaconstructivistclassroom,bycontrasttheteacherandthe
studentshareresponsibilityanddecisionmakinganddemonstrate
mutualrespect.

8. English Teaching the constructivist way
Foreveryconceptintroducedthereshouldbemultiplewaysof
demonstratingthelearningtothestudents
Theclassroomenvironmentshouldbedemocratic,providing
eachstudentanopportunitytoparticipateinthediscussion.
Aidslikecolorfullyillustratedchildren’sdictionaries,student–
Createdserialpostcards,visualresponsestopoetryandan
abundanceofstudentworkshouldbeencouragedand
displayedthroughouttheclassroom.

9. Benefits of constructivism in Teaching:
Childrenlearnmoreandenjoylearning
Promotedivergentthinking
Educationworksbestwhenitconcentratesonthinkingand
Understandingratherthanonrotememorization.
Boosttheconfidenceoflearners
ConstructivismconcentratesonhowtothinkandUnderstand
Promotecollaborativelearning
Constructivismgivesstudentsownershipofwhattheylearn,Since
learningisbasedonstudents.
Engagingthecreativeinstinctsdevelopsstudent’sabilitiestoExpress
knowledgethroughavarietyofways.
ConstructivismpromotessocialandcommunicationskillsBycreating
aclassroomenvironmentthatemphasizes.

10. Characteristics of constructivist Teaching :
AccordingtoAudreyGray,thecharacteristicsofa
Constructivistclassroomareasfollows:
Thelearnersareactivelyinvolved
Theenvironmentisdemocratic
Theactivitiesareinteractiveandstudentcentered
Theteacherfacilitatesaprocessoflearninginwhichstudents
areencouragedtoberesponsibleandautonomous

11. Principles of constructivist Teaching:
Poseproblemsthatareorwillberelevanttothestudents.
Structurelearningaroundessentialconcepts.
Strategies:
Theteacherhastoworkonthemind,onthefeelingofthechildwe
havetoprovideopportunitiestosuccessthechild.
Childrearingpracticesareveryimportant.
Theteacher’staskistotrainthepupilto
perceivetheobjectaccuratelytothemind.wecannot
neglecttheimagingandintuitivesideofthechildthis
isimportantforpromotingcreativityinchildren.

12. Implications of Education:
A constructivist teaching Sequence:
1.Elicitationofideas
2.Orientation
3.Restructuringofideas
4.Clarificationandexchange
5.Exposuretoconflictsituations
6.Constructionofnewideas
Evaluation
7.Applicationofideas
8.Reviewchangeinideas

13. ResearchSuggestthatconstructivistteachingisaneffective
waytoteach.Itencouragesactiveandmeaningfullearningand
Promotesresponsibilityandautonomy.
Becauseconstructivistteachingisbeneficialinachieving
desirableeducationalgoalsforstudents.Itisimportantfor
teacherstogrowprofessionallytowardsaconstructivist
Practice.
Theteacheractsonthemindandconscienceofthestudents
insuchamannerthattheyareabletounfoldtheirhidden
Potentialsincludingregard.

14. Brighter side of constructivism:
Constructivismconcentrateslearninghowtothinkand
understand.
Constructivistteacherdevelopskillsandabilitiesto
empowerstudentsandtomakethemfeelcompetentand
significant.Constructivistteachingalsorequiresintelligence,
creativity,patience,responsivenessandtheabilitytolive.Someof
thetenetsofconstructivistinpedagogicalteamare:
Studentscometotheclasswithanestablishedworldview,for
studentstochangetheirworldviewrequireswork.Studentslearn
fromeachotheraswellasfromtheteacher.Studentslearnbetter
bydoing,allowingandcreatingopportunitiesforalltopromotes
newideas.

15. Conclusion:
Constructivistteachingfosterscritical
thinkingandcreatesactiveandmotivatedlearners
aconstructivistapproachfreeteacherstomake
decisions.Constructivistteachingandlearningis
abeautifulexperienceifdonewiththeright
attitudeandhappymind.