consumer_world_amr_awareness_week_2023_power_point_presentation.pptx

To give awernce to health care worker about antimicrobial resistance

1. Antimicrobial Stewardship and Antimicrobial Resistance in human health A resource for consumers D23-43036

2. Describe antimicrobial resistance (AMR) Explain why antimicrobial resistance is a problem Summarise how antimicrobial resistance develops Identify the difference between broad and narrow spectrum antibiotics Identify strategies to address antimicrobial resistance Learning Objectives

3. A consumer story

4. Microbes Also known as microorganisms Organisms so small a microscope is needed to see them Are found everywhere Can be both helpful and harmful to human health Most are helpful Types Bacteria Viruses Fungi Parasites (protozoa, helminths, and ectoparasites)

5. Different types of antimicrobials and the microorganisms they are active against

6. “Antibiotics are like fire extinguishers. We don’t want to use them all the time but we are happy we have them on the wall.” John Rex

7. Your doctor should: Only use them when necessary Always choose the most appropriate antibiotic for what bacteria is being treated Tell you how often and how long to take them if prescribed Tell you about the risks and benefits of taking an antibiotic Antibiotics

8. Antibiotics - benefits Kill harmful bacteria that make you sick Previously untreatable illnesses now curable Minimise the infection risk of modern medicine Preventing infection During some types of surgery When cancer treatments weaken immune system

9. They kill good bacteria that keep you healthy Side effects such as nausea or diarrhoea Giving antibiotics to infants and children can create a higher risk of chronic disease as an adult Antibiotics have an impact not just for t he person taking them, but also the broader community Antibiotics - risks

10. Antibiotics only work for some bacterial infections They don’t treat infections causes by viruses e.g. coughs and colds, flu, COVID-19, bronchitis, most sore throats and ear infections When you take antibiotics when they aren’t needed, you feel better because your immune system is doing the work and not from the antibiotics. Coloured mucous isn’t always a sign of bacterial infection. It can be a sign that your immune system is working to fight your infection. Antibiotics + Viruses

11. Antimicrobial Resistance Bacteria evolve over time in response to the environment Bacteria are constantly adapting to resist antibiotics This is called antibiotic resistance Overuse and misuse of antibiotics accelerates this even more

12. Antibiotic Spectrum There are many different kinds of bacteria We need different tools for different jobs Bacteria A Bacteria B Bacteria C Bacteria D Bacteria E Bacteria F Bacteria G   Antibiotic 1             Antibiotic 2           Antibiotic 3       Antibiotic 4           Antibiotic 5           Antibiotic 6   Antibiotic 7       Antibiotic 8 Antibiotic 9   Antibiotic 10

13. Sledgehammer Antibiotics can be broad spectrum e.g., Antibiotic 6 to 10 Affect many different species of bacteria Broad Spectrum Antibiotics BUT - Broad spectrum antibiotics contribute more to resistance

14. Scalpel More targeted Antibiotics can be narrow spectrum – e.g., Antibiotic 1 to 5 Effect one or two kinds of bacteria Narrow Spectrum Antibiotics Narrow spectrum antibiotics contribute less to resistance

15. Where do we use antibiotics? Humans Community Hospital Animals Pets Livestock Agriculture Crops Aquaculture

16. Commission video on antimicrobial resistance

17. Why is resistance a problem? Rates of antibiotic resistance are rising Hundreds of people in Australia die from antibiotic-resistant infections each year Australia uses more antibiotics than many other comparable countries Significant proportion of that use is inappropriate e.g. using antibiotics for a cold Few new antibiotics becoming available

18. Resistant infections More difficult to treat Other antibiotics need to be used which may not work as well or can be more toxic Usually require longer hospital stays Can become resistant to all antibiotics  untreatable More likely to spread to others

19. What can health professionals do? Follow Australian guidelines when prescribing antibiotics ensures Antibiotics have the best chance of working effectively and safely Reduces the chance of creating resistance

20. Embrace Antimicrobial Stewardship What can health professionals do? It isn’t about “not using antimicrobials” but rather “identify that small group of patients who really need antibiotic treatment and then explain, reassure and educate the large group of patients who don’t.”

21. What can the community do? Prevent infections Hand washing and using alcohol based hand sanitiser Keeping vaccinations up-to-date Preventative medicine e.g., malaria medication when in high-risk areas Don’t request antibiotics for coughs, cold and flu These are caused by viruses, antibiotics will not work Antibiotics are not without personal risk and side effects Take antibiotics exactly as prescribed Do not share antibiotics Do not take previously prescribed antibiotics (i.e. an old repeat) for a different illness

22. Return unused antibiotics to the pharmacy for disposal Return Unwanted Medicines (or the RUM Project) Do not put them in regular waste or down the sink This may contribute to antimicrobial resistance What can the community do?

23. How long your recovery should take? Do we need to test the cause of my infection? What are the risks and benefits of me taking antibiotics? Will the antibiotic affect my regular medicines? How often and how long to take the antibiotic? If you are prescribed an antibiotic – ask your doctor…

24. ABC Ask the Dr Antibiotics - https://iview.abc.net.au/show/ask-the-doctor/series/2/video/DO1708V006S00 Better Health Victoria Information - https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/antibiotic-resistant-bacteria Great places to learn more…