Control Systems_LEC_1UYHVBJHVHJVSEWAEW55

CONTROL

1. Control Systems Sharmin ahmed ( sa ) EEE-331/EEE-323

2. Outline What is control system? Why we need control system? Why We Need To Study Control System? System, Subsystem, Process Input, Output Basic Components of Control Systems Sensor, Transducer, Actuator Why control is important (for production process / in plant)? Application of control system

3. What is Control System? A control system consists of subsystems and processes (or plants) assembled for the purpose of obtaining a desired output with desired performance, given a specified input. Figure 1.1 shows a control system in its simplest form, where the input represents a desired output.

4. Why We Need Control System in Electrical and Electronic Systems? Power amplification Remote control Convenience of input form Compensation of the disturbances

5. Why We Need To Study Control System? Building Models Simulating Prediction Dynamic Interaction Filtering And Rejecting Noise Sketching And Building Hardware Performance Of The System Test

6. System, Subsystem, Process System: An interconnection of elements and devices for a desired purpose. Subsystem: A control subsystem is a device or a set of devices to manage, command, direct, or regulate the behavior of the process. Process: The device, plant, or system under control. The input and output relationship represents the cause-and-effect relationship of the process.

7. Input, Output Input, r(t) : The input is the stimulus, excitation or command applied to a control system. Typically from external energy source, usually in order to produce a specified response from the control system. Output, c(t) : The output is the actual response obtained from a control system. It may or may not be equal to specified response implied by the input.

8. Basic Components of Control Systems Reference Input Elements: These constitute the position of feedback control system that establishes the relationship between the command and a certain reference input. Command: Command is a deliberately introduced signal established by some means, external to and independent of the feedback control system under consideration. Reference Input: It is a signal established as a standard of comparison for a feedback control system by virtue of its relation to the command. Error Detector: It is an element in which one system variable (feedback signal)is subtracted from another variable (reference signal)to obtain third variable (error signal). It is also called comparator. Feedback Element: Feedback signal is a function of the controlled output which is compared with the reference signal to obtain the actuating signal. .

9. Basic Components of Control Systems Error Signal /Actuating Signal: It is an algebraic sum of the reference input and the primary feedback. Controller: The controller is an element that is required to generate the appropriate control signal. Output Forcing Function: It is the condition that is varied as a function of the actuating signal so as to change the value of the controlled variable. Controlled System: It is a body, process or machine of which a particular condition is to be controlled, for example, a spacecraft, reactor, boiler, CNC machine, etc. Controlled Variable: It is a variable that is directly measured and controlled. Disturbance is an input other than command that tends to affect the value of controlled variable. Output Elements: These are the elements that establish the relationship between directly controlled variable and indirectly controlled variable

10. Sensor, Transducer, Actuator Sensor: A sensor is a device that measures physical input from its environment and converts it into data that can be interpreted by either a human or a machine. Transducer: A transducer is an electronic device that converts energy from one form to another. Actuator: An actuator is a component of a machine that is responsible for moving and controlling a mechanism or system.

11. Control Engineering or Control systems engineering Control engineering or Control systems engineering is based on the foundations of feedback theory and linear system analysis, and it integrates the concepts of network theory and communication theory. It is the engineering discipline that applies control theory to design systems with predictable behaviors. The practice uses sensors to measure the output performance of the device being controlled (often a vehicle) and those measurements can be used to give feedback to the input actuators that can make corrections toward desired performance. When a device is designed to perform without the need of human inputs for correction it is called automatic control (such as cruise control for regulating a car's speed). Multi-disciplinary in nature, control systems engineering activities focus on implementation of control systems mainly derived by mathematical modeling of systems of a diverse range.

12. Why control is important (for production process / in plant)? Safety Maintain product quality Maintain plant production rate at minimum cost

13. Application Of Control System 1. Elevator 2. Steam Pressure and Temperature Controls 3. Speed and position Control of car 4. Stability, Stabilization, and Steering

14. presentation Slide recording (one and only method please) Upload in google classroom/ BLC (BLC preferable) Topic (anything related to Control Systems) Follow the module of presentation for more instructions Deadline (JUNE 30, 2021) ( NO extension!!)