Copy of NANDINI BN FINAL 4 (2).pptx

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1. TUMKUR UNIVERSITY TUMAKURU DOS&R IN ZOOLOGY PAPER CPT-4.2 – ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR SEMINAR TOPIC – CHEMICAL COMMUNICATION IN REPTILES SUBMITTED TO: Miss SHARADA R GUEST FACULTY DOS&R IN ZOOLOGY TUMKUR UNIVERSITY TUMKURU SUBMITTED BY : NANDINI B N II YEAR MSc IV SEM DOS&R IN ZOOLOGY TUMKUR UNIVERSITY TUMKURU

2. CONTENT Introduction Types of communication Modes of communication Chemical communication in reptiles Conclusion Reference

3. INTRODUCTION Communication is the transfer of information from one animal to another. The animal which sends the signal is called Signaller and the animal that receives the signal is called Receiver . Behaviour emitted by the signaller is called signal. Animal communication is also known as Biological communication .

4. TYPES OF COMMUNICATION Intraspecific communication Communication within a single species Eg:Honey bee dance Interspecific communication Communication between two different species Eg:warning to colouration in wasps.

5. MODES OF COMMUNICATION Visual Communication Acoustic Communication Tactile Communication Chemical Communication

6. VISUAL COMMUNICATION It is important communication because a large amount of information can be conveyed in a short time. Most animals with well- developed eyes have colour vision.(Eg:Molluscs,Arthropoda) Many fishes, reptiles, and birds exhibit brilliant colour patterns that usually have a signaling function. Signals includes: :Facial expression, Colour identification, Posture, Light etc…

7. ACOUSTIC COMMUNICATION Arthropods and vertebrates commonly use acoustic or sound communication. These animals must expend energy to produce sounds, but sounds can be used during night or day. Sound waves also have the advantage of travelling around objects, and may be produced or received while an animal is in the open or concealed. Eg: Calls of mammals and birds

8. TACTILE COMMUNICATION Tactile communication refers to the communication between animals in physical contact with each other. The antennae of many invertebrates and the touch receptors in the skin of vertebrates function in tactile communication. E g: birds preaning the feathers of other birds primates grooming eachother

9. CHEMICAL COMMUNICATION Chemical communication is another common mode of communication. Chemicals that are synthesized by one organism and they affect the behaviour of another member of same species are called pheromones. Olfactor receptor in receiving animal usually detect chemical signal. Unicellular organism with chemoreceptor can recognize their own species.

10. COMMUNICATION IN REPTILES Chemical communication is a major facet of reptilian life. For example, it is used in prey detection or foraging, predator detection, mate choice, alarm signaling, and territoriality. Reptiles depend more on their chemical senses than any other class of vertebrates. chemical signals are important in their communication and reproduction, so the study of chemical communication must be integral part of the research on the social behaviour of reptiles.

11. COMMUNICATION IN TURTLE Turtle have well developed sense of smell, they also secretes pheromones from several sources. One of the main organ including in chemical communication are mantal glands(MGs) located on the regions of the head. They produce secretions that are involved in the mate choice. The presence of use amount of galactose amine sugar residues in the vomero nasal receptors seems to be presembles functions in the chemoreception and transduction of pheromonal signals. Eg: Pseudemys scripta

12. COMMUNICATION IN SNAKES Snakes use their vomeronasal system to track pray, smell approaching predators and to communicate with others snakes by collecting the chemical cues that they emit. Chemical cues are pheramones that are lipids left directly on substrate. Eg: Garter snake

13. COMMUNICATION IN LIZARDS The presence of chemicals contributes to how social groups of lizards maintain their colony, to recognize one another, for mating. Many lizards posses structure on the ventral surface of the thigh called femoral pores . Which exceeded a waxy secretion , it play very good role in communication, mating, marking territories. It contains chemical called Hexadecanol. Eg: Iguanas

14. ADVANTAGES Usually provide a simple message that can last for hours or days. They are effective night or day. They can pass around objects. They may be transported over long distances. They take relatively little energy to produce . DISADVANTAGES The chemical signals are that they cannot be changed quickly and are slow to act.

15. CONCLUSION Animals do communicate which involves information transfer from the sender to a receiver. They can convey their needs, desire, and reactions to the environment via some sophisticated signaling of their own. No animals have however evolved the sophistication of the human language – communication system. The understanding of animal communication is essential for understanding the animal world in general.

16. REFERENCES Rishikesh Gupta, Neeraj Kumar Arora, Animal Behaviour: Psychology, Ethology and Evolution .First edition [2013] Publication by Campus Books International New Delhi, Page num:(11- 13). Dr. VK Agarwal. Animal Behaviour(Ethology), S Chand publications (2009) New Delhi, Page num: (223-229). Lynne D Houck. Pheramone Communication in Reptiles, Oregon state university (2009) Corvallis oregon. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/378239746_Chemical_communication_in_reptiles_Order_Squamata .[24/05/24] https://www.researchgate.net/publication/379924869_Chemical_communication_in_reptiles_of_the_orders_testudines_crocodrylia_and_ryncochepalia .[24/05/24]

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