Coriandrum sativum (Coriander)

Coriander
Pharmacognosy
Pharmacology

1. Coriandrum Sativum L. ( Umbillifereae )

2. Coriander Botanical origin: Coriandrum Sativum L. Family: Apiaceae / Umbillifereae Common name: Dhania , Cilantro English name: Coriander Part used: Fresh leaves and seeds Chemical constituents Essential oils(1-2%) Linalool (major constituent)

3. Geraniol α- pinenes α-cymene Camphor Ɣ- terpene Fatty oils(in fruit) Oleic acid Linoleic acid Palmitic acid Petrocelic acid Ascorbic acid Umbelliferone

4. Pharmacological Actions Aromacit y Due to strong smell of aldehydes gives a great taste and fresh aroma to the food . Anti-Arthritis Due to precense of large amount of Ca and P, it prevents osteoporosis and bone damage. Stimulant for digestive secretions It is anti-oxidant and activates liver activity and enhance the efficiency of GTI for food digesion . Anti-ulcer It is effective in treating mouth ulcers due to its soothing and refreshing effect. It also prevents colon ulcer by increasing liver activity for better digestion.

5. Anti- lipidemic action Best cholesterol controlling drug by lowering the bad cholesterol and incresing the good cholesterol & prevents its accumulation in arteries. Anti-spasmodic: It relieve spasms of GIT. E xcellent expectorant It cause clearance of mucous from airways & relieves chest congestion. Anti-bacterial and anti-septic Due to presence of certain acids, it is effective against bacteria and helps wound heal soon. Anti-diabetic Its powder is effective in reducing sugar level by increasing insulin level and glucose uptake.

6. Diuretic It is a diuretic and help to excrete toxins and extra water from cells, thus helps kidneys to pass out more urine and purifies the system and also helps in weight loss. Daily Dose Powdered seeds: 1-3grams As infusion: A freshly prepared cup between meals As a fluid extract: 5-30 drops

7. Side Effects Effect on liver functioning Overdose may cause damage to liver by extra ordinary essential oil components & may emphasize excessive bile secretion. Skin sensitivity problem Acids present in it cause irritation and itching of skin and make it sensitive to sunlight. Breathing problems and chest pain Prolonged use cause tightness of throat and dry throat & also cause chest pain. Harmful in pregnancy and lactation It may affect the gland secretion leading to abnormal activity of reproductive glands causing damage to mother or the developing fetus.

8. Contraindications The pure essential oil is irritating . Orally in doses higher than those specified may cause convulsion. It should not be used during pregnancy and lactation. It has a weak potential for sensitization , although its known cases of contact dermatitis. Toxicity Linalool and umbelliferone may be toxic if taken in higher concentrations & may cause contact dermatitis.

9. References www.pharmacognosy.com/herbs-medicinal-plants/coriander/ www.webmd.com/vitamins-supplements/ingredientmono-117-coriander .  www.sciencedirect.com www.botanical.com Link.springer.com www.ncbi.nlm.nib.com www.drug.com www.medicinalplants-pharmacognosy.com www.doctorayur.com www.slideshow.com