Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19)

Pandemic Health Problem in the year 2020

4th year B.Sc Nursing
community health nursing-II
Unit-2 Health planning and health policies in india

1. Covid- 19 BY, VEDANTHA VINOD ASSISTANT LECTURER CCON-MYSORE CO rona VI rus D isease- 20 19

2. CONTENTS TO BE DISCUSSED: INTRODUCTION STRUCTURE OF CORONA VIRUS WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION DECLARATION MEANING CAUSES/RISK FACTORS MODE OF TRANSMISSION/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS INVESTIGATIONS TREATMENT PREVENTIVE MEASURES

3. INTRODUCTION Coronaviruses are a group of RNA viruses that cause diseases in mammals and birds. The name " coronavirus " is derived from Latin corona,  meaning  "crown" or "wreath", itself a borrowing from Greek "garland, wreath". Family:  Coronaviridae Phylum:  Pisuviricota Class:  Pisoniviricetes Kingdom:  Orthornavirae

4. CROSS SECTIONAL MODEL OF A CORONAVIRUS CROSS SECTIONAL MODEL OF A CORONAVIRUS

5. Coronaviruses are a group of viruses that have a halo, or crown-like (corona) appearance when viewed under an electron microscope.

6. WHO DECLARATION The virus is now known as the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The disease it causes is called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the  COVID-19   outbreak a pandemic.

7. MEANING COVID-19 is a disease caused by a new strain of coronavirus. 'CO' stands for corona, 'VI' for virus, and 'D' for disease. Formerly, this disease was referred to as '2019 novel coronavirus' or '2019-nCoV.'

8. MEANING Coronaviruses are a family of viruses that can cause illnesses such as the common cold, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS). In 2019, a new coronavirus was identified as the cause of a disease outbreak that originated in China.

9. RISK AGE groups The virus that causes COVID-19 infects people of all ages. These are older people (that is people over 60 years old); and Those with underlying medical conditions (such as cardiovascular disease , diabetes, chronic respiratory disease, and cancer). The risk of severe disease gradually increases with age starting from around 40 Years. The higher risk age groups are young children .

10. MODE OF TRANSMISSION Data has shown that, It spreads from person to person among those in close contact (within about 6 feet, or 2 meters). The virus spreads by respiratory droplets released when someone with the virus coughs, sneezes or talks.

11. These droplets can be inhaled or land in the mouth or nose of a person nearby. It can also spread if a person touches a surface with the virus on it and then touches his or her mouth, nose or eyes.

12. SIGNS and SYMPTOMS Signs and symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may appear two to 14 days after exposure . This time after exposure and before having symptoms is called the incubation period. Common signs and symptoms can include: Fever Cough Tiredness

13. Early symptoms of may include a loss of taste or smell.

14. Other symptoms can include: Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing Muscle aches Chills Sore throat Runny nose Headache Chest pain Pink eye (conjunctivitis)

15. LESS COMMON SYMPTOMS Other less common symptoms have been reported, such as Rash , Nausea , Vomiting and Diarrhea .

16. TYPES The severity of  COVID-19  symptoms can range from very mild to severe. Some people may have only a few symptoms, and Some people may have no symptoms at all.(ASYMPTOMATIC)

17. investigations

18. Nasopharyngeal swab sample collection

19. Nasal swab

20. treatment There are no  vaccines  or  antiviral drugs  to prevent or treat human coronavirus infections. Treatment is only supportive. A number of  antiviral targets  have been identified such as viral proteases, polymerases, and entry proteins.  Drugs are in development  which target these proteins and the different steps of viral replication. A  number of vaccines  using different methods are also under development for different human coronaviruses.

21. PREVENTIve measures Although there is no vaccine available to prevent COVID-19, you can take steps to reduce your risk of infection. WHO and CDC recommend following these precautions for avoiding COVID-19: Avoid large events and mass gatherings. Avoid close contact (within about 6 feet, or 2 meters) with anyone who is sick or has symptoms.

22. Stay home as much as possible and keep distance between yourself and others (within about 6 feet, or 2 meters), especially if you have a higher risk of serious illness. Keep in mind some people may have COVID-19 and spread it to others, even if they don't have symptoms or don't know they have COVID-19.

23. Wash your hands often with soap and water for at least 20 seconds, or use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer that contains at least 60% alcohol. Cover your face with a cloth face mask in public spaces, such as the grocery store, where it's difficult to avoid close contact with others, especially if you're in an area with ongoing community spread. Only use nonmedical cloth masks — surgical masks and N95 respirators should be reserved for health care providers.

24. Cover your mouth and nose with your elbow or a tissue when you cough or sneeze. Throw away the used tissue. Wash your hands right away. Avoid touching your eyes, nose and mouth. Avoid sharing dishes, glasses, towels, bedding and other household items if you're sick.

25. Clean and disinfect high-touch surfaces, such as doorknobs, light switches, electronics and counters, daily. Stay home from work, school and public areas if you're sick, unless you're going to get medical care. Avoid public transportation, taxis and ride-sharing if you're sick. If you have a chronic medical condition and may have a higher risk of serious illness, check with your doctor about other ways to protect yourself.

26. DISCUSSED CONTENTS INTRODUCTION STRUCTURE OF CORONA VIRUS WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION DECLARATION MEANING CAUSES/RISK FACTORS MODE OF TRANSMISSION/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS INVESTIGATIONS TREATMENT PREVENTIVE MEASURES

27. ANY DOUBTS?? STAY HOME STAY SAFE