Crane and lifting safety presentation ppt

lifting safety using mobile brane

1. WELCOME
INDOOR CRANE & SLING SAFETY
CORPORATE
SAFETY TRAINING

2. Provide an Introduction to Crane and Sling Safety.
Provide Training as Required by OSHA.
Establish Crane and Sling Safety in Today’s Industry.
Introduce Basic Safety Concepts and Techniques.
Provide Skills for Operators, Maintenance Workers and
Supervisors etc.
Raise Safety to an Appropriate Level of Awareness.
COURSE OBJECTIVES

3. COURSE ATTENDEES
Crane Operators
Signal Personnel
Rigger Personnel
Ground Personnel
Safety Committees
Affected Employees
Corporate Managers
Department Managers
First Line Supervisors
Maintenance Departments
Accident Investigation Team Members

4. BASIS FOR THIS COURSE
Proper Crane Operation Results in Accident Reduction
Proper Crane Training Results in Accident Reduction
Elimination of Workplace Injuries & Illnesses Where Possible
Reduction of Workplace Injuries & Illnesses Where Possible
OSHA Safety Standards Require:
Training Be Conducted
Cranes Be Safely Operated
A “Safety” Program Be Established
Hazards and Precautions Be Explained
Job Hazards Be Assessed and Controlled

5. 29CFR-Safety and Health Standards
1910-Industrial Safety
179-Overhead and Gantry Cranes
APPLICABLE REGULATIONS
2
TON
ACME
CRANE
JIB CRANE

6. 29CFR-Safety and Health Standards
1910-Industrial Safety
184-Slings
APPLICABLE REGULATIONS
VERTICAL CHOKER HITCH BASKET HITCH

7. 29CFR-Safety and Health Standards
1926-Construction Safety
550-Cranes and Derricks
APPLICABLE REGULATIONS
GANTRY CRANE
20 TON CAPACITY

8. INDUSTRY CONSENSUS STANDARDS
ANSI/ASME* -B-30 Series
Safety Requirements for Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,
Jacks, and Slings
CMAA** -Specifications No. 70 and 74
-Crane Operator’s Manual
* American National Standards Institute
* American Society of Mechanical Engineers
** Crane Manufacturer’s Association of America

9. INDUSTRY CONSENSUS STANDARDS
ANSI/ASME
B-30.2Overhead and Gantry Cranes (top running hoist)
B-30.9Slings
B-30.10Hooks
B-30.11Monorail and Underhung Cranes
B-30.13Storage/Retrieval (S/R) Machines
B-30.16Overhead Hoists (underhung)
B-30.17Overhead and Gantry Cranes (underhung hoist)
B-30.18Stacker Cranes
B-30.21Manually Lever Operated Hoists

10. PROGRAM REQUIREMENTS
Maintain Crane Safeguards.
Review Job Specific Hazards.
Implement Corrective Actions.
Conduct Hazard Assessments.
Conduct Accident Investigations.
Provide Training to All Required Employees.
Control Workplace Hazards Using PPE As a Last Resort.
ALL EMPLOYERS MUST :

11. PROGRAM ELEMENTS
Site Safety Rules.
Periodic Training.
Inspection Program.
Maintenance Program.
Operating Safety Rules.
Operator Prequalification.
Control of Hazardous Energy Sources.
PROGRAM ELEMENTS INCLUDE:

12. PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION
DEDICATION
PERSONAL INTEREST
MANAGEMENT COMMITMENT
IMPLEMENTATION OF A CRANE SAFETY PROGRAM
REQUIRES:
NOTE:
UNDERSTANDING AND SUPPORT FROM THE WORK FORCE
IS ESSENTIAL, WITHOUT IT THE PROGRAM WILL FAIL!

13. Improve Quality.
Improve Absenteeism.
Reduce Injury and Illness Rates.
Maintain a Healthier Work Force.
Acceptance of High-Turnover Jobs.
Workers Feel Good About Their Work.
Reduce Workers’ Compensation Costs.
Elevate SAFETY to a Higher Level of Awareness.
A GOOD PROGRAM WILL HELP:
PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION

14. MANAGEMENT’S ROLE
Considerations:
1. Support the Crane Safety Program.
2. Ensure Your Support Is Visible.
3. Get Involved.
4. Attend the Same TrainingAs Your Workers.
5. Insist on Periodic Follow-up & Program Review.
6. Implement Ways to Measure Effectiveness.

15. THE SUPERVISOR’S ROLE
Considerations:
1. Treat All “Near-Misses” As an Accident.
2. Never Ridicule Any Injury or Near Miss.
3. Get Involved inCrane Safety.
4. Complete the Paperwork(Work Orders, Policy
Changes, Etc.) To Affect Repairs or Improvements.
5. Get Your Workers Involved.
6. Be Professional -You Could Save a Life Today.
7. Attend the Same TrainingAs Your Workers.
8. Follow-upon the Actions You Took.

16. THE EMPLOYEE’S ROLE
Considerations:
1. Report All Accidents and Near-Misses Immediately.
2. Contributeto Make Corrective Actions.
3. Always Provide Complete and Accurate Information.
4. Report All Crane Safety Problems or Deficiencies.
5. Follow-upWith Any Additional Information.

17. HoldRegularAccidentReviewMeetings.
DocumentMeetings.
EncourageEmployeeInvolvement.
BringEmployeeComplaints,Suggestions,or
ConcernstotheAttentionofManagement.
ProvideFeedbackWithoutFearofReprisal.
AnalyzeStatisticalDataConcerningAccidents,
andMakeRecommendationsforCorrectiveAction.
Follow-upIsCritical.
SAFETY COMMITTEE
Safety Committees Should:

18. 2
TON
ACME
CRANE
INDOOR
BRIDGE CRANE
TYPES OF CRANES AND HOISTS

19. TYPES OF CRANES AND HOISTS
GANTRY CRANE
20 TON CAPACITY

20. 2
TON
ACME
CRANE
JIB CRANE
TYPES OF CRANES AND HOISTS

21. TYPES OF CRANES AND HOISTS
2
TON
ACME
CRANE
MONORAIL CRANE

22. INSPECTION, TESTING & MAINTENANCE
Documentation:
1. Identify items that were inspected.
2. Show the status of the inspected items.
3. Provide the signature of the inspector.
4. Show the date.
5. File it and maintain it!
INSPECTION
CHECKLIST
FOR
CRANES
REVIEWTHEMANUFACTURERS SPECIFIC
INSPECTIONREQUIREMENTS!

23. INSPECTION, TESTING & MAINTENANCE
Start of Each Shift:
1. Visually Inspect all units for integrity, leaks etc.
2. Check the operation of the crane; controls & movement.
3. Operate empty hook till it actuates the upper limit switch.
4. Operate hoist and trolley brakes, ensure no excessive coasting.
5. Check for twisted, broken or kinked cables or chains.
6. Observe correct drum spooling as the hook is raised.
7. Inspect for deformed, cracked, or stretched hooks.
8. Inspect for serviceable safety latches.
9. Check for air or hydraulic fluid leakage.
10. Check for load capacity stenciling on both sides of unit.
REVIEWTHEMANUFACTURERS SPECIFICINSPECTIONREQUIREMENTS!

24. INSPECTION, TESTING & MAINTENANCE
Monthly Inspections:
1. Visually Inspect all critical items.
2. Measure hooks for deformation or stretching.
3. Inspect hooks for cracks, missing or broken parts.
4. Measure lifting chains for excessive stretch, twisting etc.
5. Inspect for twisted, broken or kinked cables or chains.
6. Follow any additional recommendations of the manufacturer.
REVIEWTHEMANUFACTURERS SPECIFICINSPECTIONREQUIREMENTS!

25. INSPECTION, TESTING & MAINTENANCE
Periodic Inspections (1 to 12 Month Intervals):
1. Interval dependant on the type of activity performed.
2. Interval dependant on the severity of service.
3. Interval dependant on the environmental conditions.
4. As a minimum the inspection should cover:
REVIEWTHEMANUFACTURERS SPECIFICINSPECTIONREQUIREMENTS!
Chain or cable Reeving Hook Condition
Electrification Hoist Drives Travel Drives
Brakes Limit Switches Couplings
Rails Balance Controls
Warning Devices End Stops Signage

26. INSPECTION, TESTING & MAINTENANCE
Periodic CMAA Inspection Recommendations:
REVIEWTHEMANUFACTURERS SPECIFICINSPECTIONREQUIREMENTS!
AStandby or infrequent service Annually
BLight service -2-5 lifts hr. Annually
CModerate service -50% capacity, 5-10 lifts hr.Annually
DHeavy service -50% capacity, 10-20 lifts hr.Semiannually
ESevere service -Near capacity, 20+ lifts hr.Quarterly
FContinuous severe service -Near capacity
and continuous service throughout day Bi-monthly
DIFFERENT CONDITIONS MAY SUGGEST DIFFERENT INTERVALS.
Class Description Typical Schedule

27. INSPECTION, TESTING & MAINTENANCE
New Cranes:
Priortoinitialuse,cranesmustbetestedandinspected
completelyusingthecriteriaapplicabletoperiodic
inspections.Areportshouldbekeptonfileforfuture
reference.
REVIEWTHEMANUFACTURERS SPECIFICINSPECTIONREQUIREMENTS!

28. INSPECTION, TESTING & MAINTENANCE
Idle Cranes:
Cranesthathavebeenidleforaperiodthatexceedssix
monthsmustbeinspectedandtestedbeforebeing
placedbackinserviceusingthecriteriathatappliesto
periodicinspection.Specialattentionshouldbegivento
thehook,liftingchainandwirerope.
REVIEWTHEMANUFACTURERS SPECIFICINSPECTIONREQUIREMENTS!

29. INSPECTION, TESTING & MAINTENANCE
Altered Cranes:
Allcranesthathavebeenextensivelyalteredorrepaired
mustbecompletelyinspectedandtested.Ifload
sustainingpartshavebeenalteredorrepaired,thena
loadtestshouldbeconductedtoverifytheratedload
capacityofthecrane.Areportshouldbeissuedbya
qualifiedpersonandkeptonfileforfuturereference.
REVIEWTHEMANUFACTURERS SPECIFICINSPECTIONREQUIREMENTS!

30. INSPECTION, TESTING & MAINTENANCE
Load Testing a New Crane:
Newandrebuilthoistareloadtestedbythemanufacturerat
thefactory.Mostmanufacturerswillfurnishloadtest
certificatesforanominalcharge.
REVIEWTHEMANUFACTURERS SPECIFICINSPECTIONREQUIREMENTS!

31. INSPECTION, TESTING & MAINTENANCE
Load Testing a Used Crane:
Whenloadtestingausedcrane,thetestloadcannotexceed
125percentoftheratedloadunlessotherwiserecommended
bythemanufacturer.Thehoist,trolleyandcraneshouldbe
operatedanumberoftimesatvariouspositions.Thetestload
shouldbetransportedbythetrolleyandbridgeoverthefull
lengthofthecrane.Areportshouldbeissuedbythetesting
organizationgivingtheconditionsunderwhichthesystem
wasloadtested.
REVIEWTHEMANUFACTURERS SPECIFICINSPECTIONREQUIREMENTS!

32. INSPECTION, TESTING & MAINTENANCE
Preventive Maintenance Should Cover:
1. Cleaning and lubricating the wire rope (cable) and load chain.
2. Adjusting the brakes.
3. Checking and filling the gear cases to the proper levels.
4. Replacing any contaminated oils.
5. Lubricating the bearings, gears, pinions, linkages, shafts, etc.
6. Adjusting the operation of limit switches.
7. Cleaning or replacing pitted or burned electrical contacts.
8. Cleaning or replacing the air and fluid filters.
9. Inspecting the operation of all controls and warning systems.
REVIEWTHEMANUFACTURERS SPECIFICINSPECTIONREQUIREMENTS!

33. INSPECTION, TESTING & MAINTENANCE
Preoperational Tests -General:
1. Ensure all emergency disconnects are known before any test.
2. If you’re not familiar with the cranes’ operation get help.
3. Ensure that the manufacturers recommendations are followed.
4. If you have a checklist -follow it!
5. Inspect all electrical controls for proper operation.
6. Check for obstructions in the travel path of the crane.
7. Test all controls to determine proper operation.
8. Observe for smooth operation of the components.
9. Never unwind the spool completely!
10. Check upper and lower limit switches.
REVIEWTHEMANUFACTURERS SPECIFICINSPECTIONREQUIREMENTS!

34. INSPECTION, TESTING & MAINTENANCE
Preoperational Tests -Hooks:
1. Replace if deformation or cracks are found.
2. Check for proper function of the safety latch.
3. Inspect for twists from the plane of the unbent hook.
4. Check for proper swivel.
5. Hook repair is generally not recommended.
6. Emergency hook repair must be performed only under
competent supervision.
7. After any hook repairs, the hook must be load tested before
being returned to normal service.
REVIEWTHEMANUFACTURERS SPECIFICINSPECTIONREQUIREMENTS!

35. INSPECTION, TESTING & MAINTENANCE
Preoperational Tests -Rope:
1. Reduction in rope diameter (replace if found).
2. Broken or worn outside wires.
3. Corroded or broken wires at end of connections.
4. Severe kinking, crushing, cutting or unstranding.
5. Corroded, cracked, bent, worn, or improperly applied end
connections.
REVIEWTHEMANUFACTURERS SPECIFICINSPECTIONREQUIREMENTS!

36. INSPECTION, TESTING & MAINTENANCE
Lock-Out Tag-Out Considerations:
1. Review requirements for the individual crane.
2. Integrate lock out and maintenance requirements.
3. Ensure training in adequate for level of maintenance.
4. Ensure written programs are established and reviewed.
5. Carefully select lockout devices, ask the manufacturer for
recommendations.
6. Do not necessarily assume devices are interchangeable
between different types of cranes.
REVIEWTHEMANUFACTURERS SPECIFICINSPECTIONREQUIREMENTS!
LOCKED
OUT
This Lock/Tag may
only be removed by
NAME: __________
DEPT : __________
COMPLETION
DATE: ___________
TIME: ____________
DON’T OPERATE
DANGER

37. 2
TON
ACME
CRANE
ALWAYSCHECKLOADRATING
10
TON
10
TON CAP.
10 TON CAPACITY
KNOW THE RATED LOAD OF THE CRANE
BASICS OF CRANE SAFETY

38. BASICS OF CRANE SAFETY
5 TON
ALWAYS ENSURE
THE LIFTING
DEVICE AND ALL
SUPPORTING
COMPONENTS ARE
RATED FOR THE
LOAD TO BE
LIFTED!
2
TON
10 TON LOAD
KNOW THE RATED LOAD OF THE CRANE

39. BASICS OF CRANE SAFETY
NEVERALLOWACOWORKER
BETWEENAFIXEDOBJECTAND
ALOAD!
ACME
CRANE
2
TON
DANGER
WORKING
CRANES

40. BASICS OF CRANE SAFETY
2
TON
ACME
CRANE ALWAYS POSITION
LIFTING DEVICE
DIRECTLY OVER
LOAD BEFORE
LIFTING!
THINK BEFORE YOU LIFT

41. BASICS OF CRANE SAFETY
AlwaysEnsureThat
YouKnowtheSafe
TravelRadiusofthe
Crane.ContactWith
ElectricalSourcesor
OtherHazardsCan
ResultinCatastrophic
Consequences.
KNOW YOUR SAFE WORKING RADIUS

42. BASICS OF CRANE SAFETY
DISSIPATE ALL HAZARDOUS ENERGY
DANGER
HIGH
VOLTAGE
AlwaysEnsureEnergy
SourcesAreDissipated
BeforeInitiatingAny
MaintenanceActivity.
2
TON
ACME
CRANE

43. Liftingoperationsareinherentlydangerous.Evenwhen
propertrainingisconducted,Equipmentisproperly
maintained,Employeesconductthemselvesinasafe
manner,andotherfacetsofthesafetyprogramare
conscientiouslyattendedto,accidentscanstilloccur.
Thereasonisthatcraneoperationsareprimarily
dependantonmechanicaldevices.Thesedevicescan
anddofail.Whenthishappensduringaliftingeventthe
resultscanbecatastrophic.Youaretheonlycontrolling
influencethatcanminimizethehazard.Yourlifeliterally
isinyourownhands!
BASICS OF CRANE SAFETY

44. PhysicalandMentalRequirementsofOperators:
Nohistoryofunsafeactsintheworkplace.
Haveamatureandsafeattitudeatalltimes.
Theabilitytoreactquicklyinanemergency.
Drugandalcoholfreeduringanyliftingevent.
Gooddepthperception(essentialforloadspotting).
Goodhearingandvision(correctedoruncorrected).
Bethoroughlytrainedinallfacetsoftherequiredlift.
Understandtherequirementsforallphasesofthelift.
Takingnomedicationthatwillinterferewiththeoperation.
BASICS OF CRANE SAFETY

45. BASICS OF CRANE SAFETY
SafePracticesforOperators:
Testallhoistcontrolsandbrakesatthebeginningof
eachshift.
Neverattempttooperateacraneorhoistthatis
suspectedtobeunsafe.
Alwaystestbrakesbyashortlifttoensurecontrol.
Moveloadsonlyafterbeingsignaledbythedesignated,
qualifiedsignaler.

46. SafePracticesforOperators(continued)
Nevercarryloadsoverworkers.
Nevercarryloadspastworkers(theymustyieldrightofway).
Signalersmustkeepline-of-sightwiththeoperator.
Neverallowridersonloadsorhooks.
Neverallowunauthorizedpersonstooperatecranes.
Alwayslockoutbeforemaintenanceorrepairingcranes.
Frequentlyinspectcranesexposedtoadverseconditions.
BASICS OF CRANE SAFETY

47. SafePracticesforOperators(continued)
Alwayspositionthehookdirectlyovertheloadbefore
liftingtheloadoffofthefloor.
Documentandmaintaininspectionrecords.
Checkwarningdevicesandsignalsbeforeuse.
Signalersmustwatchtheload.
Operatorsmustwatchthesignalers.
Knowyourtravelpathinadvanceofthelift!
Knowwhereyou’regoingtosettheloaddown!
Willthenewlocationsupporttheweight?
BASICS OF CRANE SAFETY

48. SafePracticesforSignalers
Onlyonepersonisthedesignatedsignaler.
Maintainline-of-sightwiththeoperator.
Ensuretheoperatoracknowledgeseverysignal.
Stoptheoperationifcomprehensionislost.
Operatorsmustwatchthesignalers.
Planinadvancewheretheloadisgoing!
Knowthenewlocationwillsupporttheweight.
BASICS OF CRANE SAFETY

49. LeavingorParkingHoistsorCranes
Raiseallhooksto-butnotthrough-limitswitches.
Placeallcontrolsinthe“off”position.
Placemainpowerswitchinthe“off”position.
Makeavisualcheckforanydangerouscondition.
Reportanydefectsimmediately.
Tagoutdefectiveequipmentimmediately.
Reportallcranesthatarenotinoperationimmediately.
Followthemanufacturer’srecommendations.
BASICS OF CRANE SAFETY

50. LiftingFactors
Size,Weight,andCenterofGravityoftheLoad.
TheNumberofSlingLegs.
TheAngletheSlingMakesWiththeHorizontalLine.
TheRatedCapacityoftheSling.
TheHistoryoftheCareandUsageoftheSling.
HANDLING THE LOAD

51. LiftingFactors
Size,Weight,andCenterofGravityoftheLoad.
Tomakealevellift,thecranehookmustbedirectlyabove
thecenterofgravitypoint.Ifthecranehookistoofarto
onesideofthecenterofgravity,dangeroustiltingand
unequalstresstotheslinglegwillresult.
HANDLING THE LOAD

52. LiftingFactors
NumberofLegsandAnglewiththeHorizontal.
Astheangleformedbytheslinglegandthehorizontalline
decreases,theratedcapacityoftheslingalsodecreases.
HANDLING THE LOAD
1000lb 1000lb 1000lb

53. LiftingFactors
RatedCapacityoftheSling.
Theratedcapacityvariesdependinguponthetypeofthe
sling,thesizeofthesling,andtypeofhitch.Consult
withthemanufacturer.Also,olderslingsmustbeused
withadditionalcaution.Slingchartsaregenerallybased
onnewslingusage.
HANDLING THE LOAD

54. LiftingFactors
HistoryofCareandUsage.
Mishandlingandmisuseofslingaretheleadingcauseof
sling-relatedaccidents.Propercareisessentialfor
maximumserviceandsafety.
Alwaysprotectslingswithcoversaddles,burlappadding
orwoodblockingtopreventsharpbendsandcutting
edges.
HANDLING THE LOAD

55. EstimatingWeightofLoad
UseaDynamometer.
Checkshippingpapers.
Checknomenclatureplates.
Useindustrystandardtablesorcharts.
Consultwiththeequipmentmanufacturer.
Estimateweightusingweightsofsimilarloads.
Neverattemptaloadliftbasedsolelyonaguess!
Staywithin50%ofthecranesratedcapacitywhen
estimatingloads(ormanufacturerrecommendation).
HANDLING THE LOAD

56. TypesofRiggingandSlings
Chains.
WireRope.
FiberRope.
SyntheticWeb.
CargoNets.
HANDLING THE LOAD
EACH TYPE HAS ADVANTAGES
AND DISADVANTAGES!

57. TypesofRiggingandSlings
HANDLING THE LOAD
Consultwiththeslingmanufacturer
concerningloadcapacities,usagemethods,
restrictionsandotherpertinentdatafor
specifictypesofslings.

58. WorkingRulesforSlings
Neverloadinexcessoftheratedcapacity.
Neveruseaslingthatisdamagedinanyway.
Neverpullaslingfromasuspendedloadundertension.
Nevershortenwithknots,boltsorothermakeshiftdevices.
Alwayskeepsuspendedloadsclearofemployees.
Alwayskeepsuspendedloadsclearofallobstructions.
Alwayskeephandsandfingersclearofuntensionedloads.
Alwayspadorprotectslingsfromsharpedgesoftheload.
Alwaysthinkbeforeyouaffectaload.
HANDLING THE LOAD

59. InspectionProceduresforWireRopeSlings
Removefromserviceifyoufind:
HANDLING THE LOAD
1. Ten randomly distributed broken wires in one lay.
2. Five broken wires in one strand in one lay.
3. Kinking, crushing, bird caging or any other damage.
4. Evidence of heat damage.
5. Any end attachments cracked, deformed or worn.
6. Hooks that have been opened more than 15% of the
normal throat opening or twisted more than 10% from
the plane of the unbent hook.

60. InspectionProceduresforAlloySteelChainSlings
Removefromserviceifyoufind:
HANDLING THE LOAD
1. Defective or questionable welds.
2. Bending or elongation of chain links.
3. Cracked or deformed master and coupling links.
4. Missing or removed identification tags.
5. Any end attachments cracked, deformed or worn.
6. Any other reason to suspect an unsafe condition.

61. InspectionProceduresforSyntheticWebSlings
Removefromserviceifyoufind:
HANDLING THE LOAD
1. Acid or caustic burns.
2. Age deterioration (drying out cracking etc.).
3. Melting or charring of the sling surface.
4. Snags, tears or cuts causing exposure of colored thread.
5. Missing or removed identification tags.
6. Any other reason to suspect an unsafe condition.

62. AftertheLiftisCompleted:
Cleanthesling.
Checkfordamage.
Followproperstoragerules.
Leaveinproperconditionforthenextlift.
Don’twaittoreportdamagedordefectiveslings.
Followproperdisposalorreplacementprocedures.
HANDLING THE LOAD

63. StorageRulesforSlings
StoreSlings:
Inadryenvironmentoutofdirectsunlight.
Offofthefloororgroundtopreventcorrosion.
Hungfromhookstopreventtanglingandeasyaccess.
Awayfromelectricalsources.
Bytype-i.e.don’tmixsteelchainslingswithsynthetics.
Inacontrolledarea.
HANDLING THE LOAD

64. SlingAngles:
Consultwiththeslingmanufacturer
concerninghowslinganglesaffectload
capacitiesfordifferenttypesofslings.
HANDLING THE LOAD
1000lb 1000lb 1000lb

65. SlingAngles:
Theangletheslingishungaffectstheslingloadcapacity.
Thegreatertheslinganglethegreaterthestress.
Multipleslingusagedrasticallyaffectsloadcapacity.
Thetypeofslingusedisafactor.
Consultwiththeslingmanufacturerforproperusage.
HANDLING THE LOAD
1000lb 1000lb 1000lb

66. HANDLING THE LOAD
Sling Angle
With Vertical
Stresses Per Sling Leg
Per 1000 lbs Total Load
0 500
5 502
10 508
15 518
20 532
25 552
30 577
35 610
40 653
45 707
50 778
55 872
60 1000
80 2880
1000lb
30
577lbs 577lbs
30 Angle

67. 1000lb
707lbs 707lbs 1000lbs 1000lbs
1000lb
60 Angle45 Angle
HANDLING THE LOAD
Sling Angles:

68. HANDLING THE LOAD
THEUSEOFTWOSLINGS,
EACH SUPPORTING THE
SAMEAMOUNTOFWEIGHT
ANDHAVINGTHESAME
SUPPORT ANGLERESULTS
INEQUALDISTRIBUTIONOF
THELOADWEIGHT.
Sling Angles:
500lbs 500lbs
1000lb
0 Angle

69. Sling Angles:
HANDLING THE LOAD
B
A
Ifslingsareusedastwinslings,thecarryingcapacity
decreasesasthespreadbetweentheslingsincreases.To
determinethecapacityofeachslinginabridlehitch:
1.Measurethedistancealongoneslingforthesamenumberof
unitsasthecapacityoftheslingintons(DistanceA).
2.Measuretheverticaldistancefromthepointlocatedin(1)to
theloadintons.(DistanceB).
3.Thenumberofunitsinthisverticaldistance(B)isthe
workingloadforthesling.

70. Sling Angles:
HANDLING THE LOAD
B
A
A = 2 ft. (or any unit) (2 Ton Sling Capacity)
B = 1.5 ft.
Working Capacity of Each Sling = 1.5 Tons
Note: The individual sling capacity must be more than half of
the total load weight! Consult with the manufacturer for
specific types of rigging arrangements

71. SlingAngles:
Theangletheslingishungaffectstheslingloadcapacity.
Thegreatertheslinganglethegreaterthestress.
Multipleslingusagedrasticallyaffectsloadcapacity.
Thetypeofslingusedisafactor.
Consultwiththeslingmanufacturerforproperusage.
HANDLING THE LOAD
1000lb 1000lb 1000lb

72. HANDLING THE LOAD
Protect
Slings
Against
Sharp
Edges
Protect
Slings
Against
Sharp
Edges
Protecting Slings:

73. STANDARD HAND SIGNALS
HoistLoad:
ForearmVertical
ForefingerPointingUp
MoveHandinSmall
HorizontalCircularMotion

74. STANDARD HAND SIGNALS
LowerLoad:
ArmDownward
ForefingerPointingDown
MoveHandinSmallHorizontal
CircularMotion

75. STANDARD HAND SIGNALS
BridgeTravel:
ArmExtendedForward
HandOpenandSlightlyRaised
MakePushingMotioninthe
DirectionofTravel

76. STANDARD HAND SIGNALS
TrolleyTravel:
Rapid,Jerking,Hitch-Hiking
MotioninDirectionofTravel

77. STANDARD HAND SIGNALS
Stop:
ArmExtended
PalmDown
MoveArmSideways,RapidlyBackandForth

78. STANDARD HAND SIGNALS
EmergencyStop:
BothArmsExtended
PalmsDown
MoveBothArmsSidewaysRapidlyBackandForth

79. PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
ProtectiveClothingandEquipmentConsiderations:
Appropriatefortheparticularhazard(s)
Maintainedingoodcondition
Properlystoredwhennotinuse
Keptclean,fullyfunctional,andsanitary

80. TIPS FOR USING CONTRACTORS
Remember, YouControl Your Facility or Area!
ReviewTheir Procedures With ThemBefore Starting the Job!
Determine Their Safety Performance Record!
Determine Who Is in Charge of Their People!
Determine How They Will Affect Your Employees!