Creating Abstracts creating Abstracts sa

Creating Abstracts 24.pptx

1. 1 Creating Abstracts Dr. Ahmad F. Shubati

2. 2 Thought-provoking Questions How many of these questions can you answer: Why do authors create abstracts? What is your goal when you read an abstract? How do you determine if an abstract is written well? When (in the writing process) do you write the abstract?

3. 3 Definition An abstract is a brief summary of a research article, thesis, review, conference proceeding and is often used to help the reader quickly determine the paper's purpose.

4. 4 Purpose Abstracts: Express the main claim and argument of a paper. Highlight or review content and scope of the writing. Provide a pre-reading outline of key points. Help readers decide if they should read an entire article.

5. 5 Requirement Abstracts are required when: Submitting articles to journals Applying for research grants Writing a book proposal (and individual chapter proposals) Completing an MA or Ph.D. dissertation thesis Writing a proposal for a conference paper Fulfilling an assignment requirement

6. 6 Questions Answered An abstract answers the following questions: Why did you do this study or project? What did you do, and how? What did you find? What do your findings mean?

7. 7 Main Elements Each main element contains one or two sentences for each of the following: Background : places work in context Aims : gives purpose of work Method(s) : explains what was done Results : indicates main findings (absolutely essential) Conclusions : gives most important consequence of work (telling what results mean)

8. Abstract Samples 8

9. 9 Artefact generation in second life with case-based reasoning Ahmad F. Shubati, Christian W. Dawson, Ray Dawson Launched in 2003, Second Life is a computer-based pseudo-environment accessed via the Internet. Although a number of individuals and companies have developed a presence (lands) in Second Life, there is no appropriate methodology in place for undertaking such developments ( Background ) . This paper explores the development of a method for developing lands specifically within Second Life. ( Aims ) . This method is based on case-based reasoning (CBR) as this method has a number of similarities with Second Life itself. A system was designed based on CBR with some modifications to work in accordance with Second Life. ( Method ) . In this paper, the system and its modifications are discussed and its application to the development of space within Second Life is evaluated. From tracking its progress against previous specifications and future activity, an updated version of the CBR web tool component covering the latest changes and improvements in the tool is introduced here. ( Results & Conclusions ) .

10. 10 Local area grid: Power distribution and sharing within neighboring households Ghassan F. Issa ; Ahmad F. Shubita ; Muhammad Abo Arqoub The Cost of installing a photovoltaic solar system for household remains high and exceeds the budget of most residential homes. Such an issue becomes even more serious in a country such a Jordan with a relatively low income per capita, and where 96% of required oil and gas is imported. This paper presents a project which gives the opportunity for low income households to share the cost photovoltaic solar systems, thus reducing the cost of installation, while at the same time reducing their electric bill considerably. The solution, called LAG, is based on resource sharing and power distribution. The solution is intended to be used in households existing within close proximity such as residential buildings or complexes. The Core of the LAG system is an operating system that works on managing power resources in the most efficient manner. Successful completion of this work will give residence the opportunity to share the burden of installation as well as maintenance cost and assist them in reducing their monthly electric bill.

11. 11 Well-written abstracts Use paragraphs that are able to stand alone. Use a structure that presents the background, aims, methods, results, and conclusions (in that order). Provide logical connections between information included. Add no new information; simply summarize the report. Is understandable to a wide audience.

12. 12 What to Avoid Since abstracts should be about the research, (and not the writing), do not : begin sentences with "it is suggested that…” (believed that, felt that, or similar). end sentences with "…is described“ (reported, analyzed, or similar). explain the sections or parts of the paper.

13. 13 Technique To improve your skill of writing good abstracts: Read a variety of abstracts. Read the associated articles. Select the best ones -- where the abstract makes the article easier to read. Identify how the authors do it.

14. 14 Checklist for Well-written Abstract Does your abstract: State your research and argument clearly in a few sentences? Allow someone who doesn't know the subject be able to understand the main idea?

15. Questions? 15