CRISIS COMMUNICATION presentation=-Rishabh(11195)-group ppt (4).pptx

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1. CRISIS COMMUNICATION Dr Aishwarya Vardhani Aarugonda Assistant Prof. (School of Business) Rishabh Thakur Nazimul Haque ROHIT SARKAR RIDISHA BHAVIKATTI TENNETI APPALANARSIMA P BHARGAV SASTRY

2. Zika virus outbreak in Brazil: CASE STUDY . GROUP PROJECT.

3. AGENDA Introduction to the Crisis: Potential Impacts on the Organization: Introducing the Stakeholders: Timeline of the Crisis: Problem Statement: Solution to the Problem: Response of the Organization: Response of the Stakeholders: Key Strategies: Sequence of Events: Analysis: What Went Well: Analysis: What Did Not Go Well: Lessons Learned: Conclusion of the Crisis: Future Preparedness:

4. I. INTRODUCTION Executive Summary, Sequence of Events

5. About Zika virus is a mosquito-borne virus that can cause a variety of health problems, including birth defects in babies born to infected mothers. The virus is transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected Aedes mosquito, the same type of mosquito that spreads dengue fever, chikungunya, and yellow fever. Most people who are infected with the Zika virus do not develop symptoms, or the symptoms are mild and go away on their own . Zika virus infection during pregnancy is particularly dangerous, as it can cause serious birth defects, including microcephaly (a condition in which the baby's head is smaller than expected), other brain abnormalities, and eye problems. Zika virus can also cause miscarriage and stillbirth. In addition to birth defects, Zika virus infection has also been linked to Guillain-Barré syndrome, a rare neurological disorder that can cause paralysis . There is no specific treatment for Zika virus infection. Treatment is supportive and includes rest, fluids, and over-the-counter medications to relieve fever and pain. . the Case- Zika Virus

6. What is ZIKA VIRUS ? Zika virus is a mosquito-borne virus that can cause birth defects in babies born to infected mothers. Symptoms of Zika virus infection are mild and go away on their own in most people, but can include fever, rash, joint pain, conjunctivitis, muscle pain, and headache How to protect yourself from the Zika Virus : Using insect repellent : Choose an insect repellent that contains DEET, picaridin, IR3535, or oil of lemon eucalyptus. Apply the repellent to all exposed skin, including the face, neck, and ears. Wearing protective clothing: Wear long sleeves, pants, and socks when outdoors. Staying in air-conditioned accommodations: Mosquitoes are less active in air-conditioned areas. Using mosquito nets: If you are sleeping in an area where mosquitoes are present, use a mosquito net to protect yourself from bites.

7. POTENTIAL IMPACT ON THE ORGANIZATION The potential impact on organizations, including healthcare providers, government agencies, and tourism-related businesses, during the Zika virus outbreak in Brazil was substantial. Healthcare Providers : Increased Healthcare Demands : Healthcare organizations experienced a surge in patients seeking medical care, particularly pregnant women and infants with microcephaly. This influx of patients placed a significant strain on healthcare facilities, including hospitals, clinics, and maternity wards. Resource Allocation : Treating infants born with microcephaly requires specialized medical care, ongoing therapy, and support services. Healthcare providers needed to allocate resources to accommodate these additional healthcare needs Government Agencies : Economic Consequences : The outbreak had economic implications for government agencies. The allocation of funds for emergency response, healthcare services, vector control, and research efforts required careful financial planning. Public Trust and Accountability : Government agencies were responsible for coordinating the response to the outbreak. Effective and transparent management of the crisis was crucial to maintaining public trust and confidence in government institutions.

8. Introducing the stakeholders Brazilian Ministry of Health : The Brazilian Ministry of Health played a central role in coordinating the national response to the Zika outbreak. Responsible for monitoring the outbreak, disseminating information, and implementing public health measures. Collaborated with international organizations and local health authorities to manage the crisis effectively. World Health Organization (WHO) : WHO declared the Zika outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) in February 2016. Provided technical support, guidance, and expertise to Brazilian health authorities and other affected countries. Conducted research, risk assessment, and global coordination efforts to address the outbreak. Healthcare Providers : Healthcare professionals, including doctors, nurses, and specialists, were critical stakeholders. They were on the front lines of patient care, treating pregnant women, infants with microcephaly, and other Zika-related cases.

9. Timeline of the crisis Late 2015 : Surge in microcephaly cases observed, primarily in northeastern Brazil. An unusual increase in infants born with abnormally small heads and developmental issues raised alarm. Early 2016 : Zika virus was identified as the likely cause of the microcephaly outbreak. This discovery marked a critical turning point in understanding the epidemic. February 2016 : World Health Organization (WHO) declares Zika a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC). This global recognition signified the severity and international implications of the outbreak. Ongoing : Continued research efforts to understand the Zika virus , its modes of transmission, and potential vaccines. Implementation of intensive vector control measures to reduce the Aedes mosquito population responsible for Zika transmission. Expansion of prenatal care and microcephaly monitoring to identify affected pregnancies early.

10. RESPONSE OF THE ORGANIZATION Brazilian Ministry of Health : Epidemiological Investigations : Conducted thorough investigations to understand the spread and impact of the Zika virus. Vector Control : Implemented intensive mosquito control measures to reduce Aedes mosquito populations , including fogging and eliminating breeding sites. World Health Organization (WHO) : Technical Support : Provided technical assistance and guidance to Brazilian health authorities in managing the outbreak. Global Coordination : Facilitated international cooperation by convening experts and coordinating research efforts. Healthcare Providers : Patient Care : Delivered medical care to Zika-affected individuals, including pregnant women and infants with microcephaly. Training : Ensured healthcare professionals were adequately trained to identify and manage Zika cases. Research Institutions : Scientific Studies : Conducted extensive research on the Zika virus, its modes of transmission, and potential vaccines.

11. RESPONSE OF THE stakeholders World Health Organization (WHO) : Global Alert : Declared Zika a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) to mobilize international resources and attention. Technical Support : Provided technical expertise and support to affected countries in managing the outbreak. Research Coordination : Facilitated research collaboration among international partners to better understand the virus and accelerate vaccine development. Healthcare Providers : Patient Care : Increased monitoring of pregnant patients and those showing Zika symptoms , such as fever, rash, and joint pain. Diagnostic Testing : Conducted Zika virus testing to confirm infections. Treatment and Counseling : Provided medical treatment and counseling to individuals affected by Zika and supported pregnant patients with guidance on prevention and care. Research Institutions : Research Acceleration : Accelerated research on the Zika virus , focusing on transmission, diagnosis, and vaccine development. Data Sharing : Shared research findings and data with the global scientific community to expedite progress. .

12. KEY STRATEGIES Vector Control : Intensive Mosquito Control : Implemented rigorous measures to control Aedes mosquito populations, including fogging, larviciding , and elimination of breeding sites. Community Engagement : Engaged local communities in mosquito control efforts, emphasizing the importance of eliminating stagnant water sources and using insecticides Prenatal Care : Enhanced Access : Ensured pregnant women had access to regular prenatal care check-ups to monitor fetal development. Early Detection : Emphasized the importance of early detection of Zika-related complications in pregnancy. Research and Vaccine Development : Accelerated Research : Expedited research on the Zika virus, its modes of transmission, and potential vaccines. International Collaboration : Collaborated with research institutions, both nationally and internationally, to pool resources and expertise.

13. KEY MESSAGES Communication Success : Highlight the key messages that were effectively communicated during the Zika virus outbreak in Brazil. For example, messages related to mosquito control, family planning, and the importance of early prenatal care. Challenges in Communication : Discuss any challenges faced in getting key messages across to the public and how they were addressed. This could include addressing misinformation, overcoming language barriers, or adapting messages for different demographics. Importance of Clear and Timely Communication : Emphasize the critical role of clear and timely communication in crisis management. Discuss how effective messaging helped mitigate the impact of the outbreak. Adaptability and Flexibility : Explain how key messages had to be adapted as new information emerged about Zika virus transmission and its effects. Highlight the importance of remaining flexible in communication strategies during a rapidly evolving crisis. Community Engagement : Describe how key messages were disseminated within communities and how local leaders and organizations were engaged to amplify the messages. Discuss strategies used to build trust and encourage community participation.

14. ANALYSIS: WHAT WENT WELL Identification of the Virus's Link to Microcephaly : The relatively swift identification of the Zika virus as the likely cause of the microcephaly outbreak was a significant achievement. Rapid Response with Vector Control Measures : Intensive mosquito control measures were swiftly implemented to reduce Aedes mosquito populations. Collaborative Research Efforts Leading to Vaccine Development : Research institutions collaborated nationally and internationally to accelerate research on the Zika virus Timely Issuance of Travel Advisories : Issuing travel advisories to inform travelers, especially pregnant women, about areas with active Zika transmission was an effective preventive measure. Community Engagement and Trust-Building : Engagement with local communities and community leaders played a vital role in implementing prevention and response measures.

15. ANALYSIS: WHAT DID NOT GO WELL Initial Uncertainty about the Cause of Microcephaly : In the early stages of the outbreak, there was significant uncertainty about the cause of the surge in microcephaly cases. This uncertainty delayed the implementation of targeted response measures and caused public concern . Challenges in Controlling Aedes Mosquito Populations : Despite intensive efforts, controlling Aedes mosquito populations proved to be a challenging task. Aedes mosquitoes are adapted to urban environments, making it difficult to eliminate breeding sites completely. Limited Resources for Comprehensive Healthcare for Affected Infants : Providing comprehensive healthcare, therapy, and support services for infants born with microcephaly was a resource-intensive task. Limited resources , especially in some resource-constrained areas, hindered the ability to provide optimal care for affected infants.

16. II. CHALLENGES Challenges & Identifications

17. Challenges - ZIKA VIRUS Healthcare System Overwhelmed: The rapid spread of Zika virus cases, particularly among pregnant women and newborns with microcephaly, strained Brazil's healthcare system. Hospitals and clinics struggled to cope with the surge in patients. Birth Defects and Microcephaly: Zika virus infection during pregnancy was linked to an increased risk of microcephaly and other birth defects in infants, leading to an unprecedented number of cases and placing immense emotional and financial burdens on affected families. Lack of Vaccines and Treatments: At the onset of the outbreak, there were no vaccines or specific antiviral treatments available for the Zika virus. This posed a major challenge in preventing and managing the disease. Vector Control and Mosquito-Borne Transmission: Controlling the Aedes mosquito vector, responsible for transmitting the Zika virus, proved challenging. Traditional mosquito control methods faced limitations, and innovative strategies were needed. 5. Public Health Awareness: Raising public awareness about Zika virus transmission, prevention, and the risks during pregnancy was critical but posed challenges due to varying levels of education and access to information. 6. Pregnancy Planning and Contraception: Ensuring access to family planning services and contraception for women at risk of Zika infection was vital, but access to these services was not always readily available, particularly in underserved areas. 7. Travel and Tourism Impact: The Zika outbreak led to concerns about travel and tourism in Brazil, with pregnant women and their partners hesitant to visit affected areas, impacting the tourism industry. 8. Research and Vaccine Development: Accelerating research to better understand the Zika virus, develop diagnostic tests, and create vaccines became a priority. However, this process is time-consuming and resource-intensive.

18. III. SOLUTION TO THE PROBLEM COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES & OPERATIONS

19. COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES & OPERATIONS How Brazil communicates health risks – Proactive communication through television, print media, and online sources Development and release of crisis scenarios and response plans Public education on preparedness plans and response capacity Early and timely risk communication by qualified personnel

20. Two-stage risk communication plan Stage 1 - Early Communication: Rapid dissemination of basic information about the Zika virus. Raising awareness and informing the public about precautions. Outlining government response measures. Stage 2 - In-Depth Communication: Providing more comprehensive information on Zika transmission and risks. Addressing concerns about pregnancy and microcephaly. Offering guidance on family planning and mosquito control. Continued updates and reassurances.

21. IV. CONCLUSION IMPACT OF MEASURES TAKEN, DISCUSSION

22. BRAZIL’S MEASURES ON CRISIS COMMUNICATION Establishment of Crisis Communication Teams: Brazil established dedicated crisis communication teams comprising experts in public health, communications, and government officials . These teams are responsible for coordinating and disseminating information during health crises. Regular Press Briefings : Public health authorities, including the Ministry of Health and local health departments, hold regular press briefings to update the public on the current situation, preventive measures, and government responses. These briefings are often led by health officials and supported by communication professionals. Multi-Platform Communication: Utilizing multiple communication channels to reach a broad audience, including press releases, television, radio, websites, social media, and mobile apps. Engaging with traditional and digital media to ensure accurate reporting and address misinformation .

23. CRISIS COMMUNICATION – HEALTH RISKS Level of uncertainty needs to be communicated when people face a sudden and uncertain health risk. Helpful to have a communication strategy and mass-media links in place before a crisis starts. Important to carefully decide what to disseminate at the political and scientific levels. Interviews during crises should preferably be live, not taped , to avoid being quoted out of context. Interviews should also be planned, as time is scarce in crises. The experience in Brazil illustrates a systematic risk communication approach on Zika Virus . T he sequence of communication will not always be the same in times of crisis.

24. LESSONS LEARNED: Effective Crisis Management: Highlight the key elements of effective crisis management, such as the importance of early detection, rapid response, and collaboration with international organizations. Crisis Communication Strategies : Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of Brazil's crisis communication strategies. Reflect on the effectiveness of transparency, timeliness, and targeted messaging. Vector Control Successes : Detail successful vector control measures and innovations, such as the use of genetically modified mosquitoes, and their impact on reducing mosquito populations. Healthcare Infrastructure Improvements : Assess the improvements made to healthcare infrastructure and the capacity to manage Zika-related cases. Discuss how these enhancements contributed to better patient care. Research and Vaccine Development : Reflect on the progress made in Zika virus research and vaccine development and how this knowledge can be applied to future outbreaks. Community Engagement and Trust Building : Emphasize the importance of community engagement and trust-building efforts. Highlight successful strategies for engaging with communities during a public health crisis.

25. REFERENCES World Health Organization (WHO) WHO's Zika virus page: https://www.who.int/emergencies/zika-virus/en/ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) CDC's Zika virus page: https://www.cdc.gov/zika/index.html National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) NIAID's Zika virus page: https://www.niaid.nih.gov/diseases-conditions/zika-virus PubMed A search for scientific articles related to the Zika virus: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) JAMA's Zika virus collection: https://jamanetwork.com/collections/6135/zika-virus The Lancet The Lancet's Zika virus resource center : https://www.thelancet.com/zika-virus New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) NEJM's Zika virus collection: https://www.nejm.org/zika-virus United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) EPA's information on mosquito control to prevent Zika: https://www.epa.gov/mosquitocontrol

26. Thank you "In the face of adversity, Brazil united to combat Zika, proving that resilience and determination can conquer even the most challenging crises."