Critical Reading as a Waay of Thinking (March 27 - notes) (March 28 - discuss) (March 29 - WW fact) (March 30 - WW value) (March 31 - WW policy).pptx

Critical Reading as a Waay of Thinking

1. Critical Reading as a Way of Thinking Lesson 6

2. CRITICAL READING means not taking anything at face value author’s own interpretation and opinion When you do critical reading, you should watch out for the author’s limitations, omissions, oversights, and arguments in the text.

3. CRITICAL APPROACH TO READING Readers should always bear in mind everything is subject to the reader’s own interpretation, understanding and acceptance of the text material. To be a critical reader, one should interact with the material being read. Look for the connections between the texts. To create meaning for the text read, use a variety of approaches, strategies, and techniques to connect to the presentation of the text.

4. TYPES OF CLAIMS - asserts the existence of something based on facts and data. 1. Claim of FACT - it also attempts to define , classify , and make inferences - it is generally “ objective ” and proofs used require reliable authority , accurate and recent data , and clearly defined terms.

5. Example of a claim of fact “. . . According to the Internet World statistics, there are approximately 2,267,233,742 Internet users worldwide in 2012 . . .” ANALYSIS 1. Why is this statement considered as a claim of fact? 2. Does it present an accurate data? 3. Does it present a recent data? 4. Does the data come from a reliable source?

6. Another example “. . . Today, many people use the Internet as their main source of entertainment and socialization. . .” ANALYSIS 1. Is this regarded as a true statement by the author? 2. Does the article cite proofs to this statement? 3 . Do you agree with this statement? Give your own justification.

7. TYPES OF CLAIMS - asserts the existence of something based on facts and data. 1. Claim of FACT - it also attempts to define , classify , and make inferences - it is generally “ objective ” and proofs used require reliable authority , accurate and recent data , and clearly defined terms. NOTE: Claims of fact do not necessarily express true sentences all the time. They may be true from the author’s point of view, but you may think otherwise.

8. TYPES OF CLAIMS - attempts to prove that there are things that are more or less valuable and desirable 2. Claim of VALUE - it involves judgements , evaluation and appraisals - standards of evaluation must be well-established , and abstract values must be clarified through examples.

9. 1. “This (the Facebook) has also been a very effective way to advertise business pursuits, look for job opportunities, validate the credibility of a certain individual or organization, be informed about important world phenomenon, search for great leisure places, find a great educational opportunity, and many more.” Examples 2. “This (The Facebook) has been one of the fastest ways to chat and communicate with people all over the world.”

10. TYPES OF CLAIMS - attempts to prove that there are things that are more or less valuable and desirable 2. Claim of VALUE - it involves judgements , evaluation and appraisals - standards of evaluation must be well-established , and abstract values must be clarified through examples. Claims of value are subject to prejudices. The author may claim that the Facebook is a very effective way or the fastest way to communicate, but you may have other points of view. In doing a critical reading, allow your prejudices to surface and examine the points of view of the author. If you have your own claim of value, can you support it with facts? Claims of value are not always stated in positive, they may also be expressed in the negative. TAKE NOTE!

11. TYPES OF CLAIMS - asserts that certain policies must be instituted as solutions to particular problems. It usually entails subclaims of fact and value. 3. Claim of Policy - The proposed action must be clear and well-justified . - The plan must be workable and the benefits of the proposition must be explained .

12. Examples 1. “. . . in the end, it is still up to us whether to use social media for an advantage or allow it to destroy us. . .” 2. “. . . Pornography, cyberbullying, and other online scams will not affect us if we do not allow it to enter into our online lives. . .”

13. TYPES OF CLAIMS - asserts that certain policies must be instituted as solutions to particular problems. It usually entails subclaims of fact and value. 3. Claim of Policy - The proposed action must be clear and well-justified . - The plan must be workable and the benefits of the proposition must be explained . Claims of Policy typically provide a solution or another series of questions in response to the claims of fact. 2. To do critical reading, you may agree with the author or you may present your own counterclaim of policy. TAKE NOTE!

14. FACT VALUE POLICY based on facts and data required reliable proofs generally “ objective ” based on evaluation, appraisals and judgments standards of evaluation must be well-established abstract values must be clarified policies must be instituted as solutions to particular problems proposed action must be clear and well-justified TYPES OF CLAIMS

15. END

16. This must be instituted as solutions to particular problems.

17. This required reliable proofs.

18. This type standards of evaluation must be well-established.

19. This is based on evaluation, appraisals and judgments.

20. The proposed action of this type must be clear and well-justified.

21. This type is generally objective and based on real data.