cropprotection-16hoh082508232nkbkbk6.pptx

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1. Crop Protection and management By :- Premdarshan Mishra and Aditya Gupta

2. Crop Protection Crop protection  is the science and practice of managing plant diseases, weeds and other pests that damage field crops (maize, wheat, rice, etc.), vegetable crops (potatoes, cabbages, etc.) and fruits. The crops in field are exposed to many factor. The crop plants may be damaged by insects, birds, rodents, bacteria, etc.

3. Weeds Weeds are unwanted plants in the cultivated field that compete with the main plant for food, light, space. Weeds take up nutrients and reduce the growth of the plant. For eg ., Xanthium ( gokhroo ), Parthenium ( gajar ghas ), Cyperinus rotundus ( motha ).

4. Insect Pests Insect Pests attack the plant in three ways:- They cut the root, stem and leaf. They suck the cell sap from various part of the plant. They bore into stem and fruits Thus they affect the health of the crop and reduce the yield.

5. Plant Diseases Diseases in plants are caused by pathogens such as bacteria, fungi and viruses. These pathogens can be present in and transmitted through the soil, water and air Common name Scientific name Organism Angular Leaf Spot Xanthomonas fragaria Bacterial plant pathogen Ash whitefly Siphoninus phillyreae Insect Bacterial heart rot and fruit collapse Dickeya spp. Bacterial plant pathogen

6. Protection Methods Weeds, insects and diseases can be controlled by various methods pesticides, herbicides, insecticides and fungicides. These chemicals are sprayed on crop plants or used for treating seeds and soil. However, excessive use of these chemicals creates problems, since they can be poisonous to many plant and animal species and cause environmental pollution.

7. List of Methods Pesticides Herbicides Insecticides Fungicides Summer ploughing Crop rotation Mechanical removal. Proper seed bed preparation Timely sowing of crops, Intercropping crop rotation Use of resistant varieties