Crude Drug

Pharmacognosy , Pharmacology , Medicinal Chemistry

1. CRUDE DRUG

2. DEFINITION :- A Crud Drug is defined as a drug which is naturally occurring , unrefined substances, derived from organic source as plant , animal , bacteria organs or whole organisms intended for use in the diagnosis , cure , mitigation , treatment or prevention of disease in human or other animals .

3. Source of Crude Drug Crude Drug = Raw Drug . They may be obtained from ; 1) Vegetative , 2) Animal , 3) Mineral . The most important natural source of drugs are ; a) Higher Plants , b) Microbes , c) Animals , d) Marine Organisms .

4. Types of Crude Drug

5. Classification of Crude Drug 1) Alphabetical Classification , 2) Morphological Classification , 3) Pharmacological Classification , 4) Chemical Classification , 5) Taxonomical Classification , 6) Chemotaxonomical Classification .

6. Alphabetical Classification :- It is the simplest way of classification . Crude drugs are arranged in alphabetical order of their ; Botanical names . Common names . Local names . e .g.: Acacia , cinchona , ergot .

7. Morphological Classification :- In this system , the drug are arranged according to the morphological externed characters of the plants and animal parts . e.g.: leaves , roots , stem .

8. Pharmacological Classification :- This is also reffered to as therapeutic classification of drug . this involves grouping of drug according to their pharmacological action . Pharmaceutical Action Drug Anticancer Vinca Cardiotonic Digitalis Pergatives Senna

9. Chemical Classification :- The crude drugs are devided into different groups according to their chemical nature of their relevant & their identical constituent . 1. Carbohydrate : Gum , Mucilage . 2. Glycosides : Saponins Glycoside . 3. Tannins : Guava , Tea . 4. Volatile Oil : Fennel , Orange Peel . 5. Alkaloids : Pyridine , Tropane .

10. Taxonomical Classification :- It is based on an accepted system of botanical classification . Grouped into ; Kingdom Phylum Order Family Genus Species

11. Chemotaxonomical Classification :- S econdary metabolites of pharmaceutical significance such as alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, etc. DNA hybridization, amino acid sequencing in proteins are gaining significance in this method of classification .

12. References :- The informations are collected from; the book “ Trease & Evans PHARMACOGNOSY” .