Cryo-Tracker Level Temperature and Mass Gauging Fluid Sensors.ppt

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1. 1
Cryo-Tracker
Level, Temperature,
and Mass Gauging Fluid
Sensors

2. Behavior of Sub-cooled
Propellants in Room Temp.
Fig: Liquid Nitrogen
unloaded from a
small a Dewar Flask
to a bucket in a
laboratory.

3. Dewar Flask
Fig: A 25 l liquid
nitrogen laboratory
Dewar flask.
Inner wall linings
are silvered to
reduce heat
leakage.

4. Flexible Sensing Probe
Probe is made of
series of polyimide
layers of thickness
0.0254 mm.
Rakes made of
stainless steel
tubing, wire, and
phenolic insulators
weigh (6.70 g/cm).

5. Internal Structure of
Cryo-Tracker
Silicon diode sensors
incorporated with
the probe.
Conductor Traces
which constitute the
rake of the temp-
element

6. Installed Cryo-Tracker Probe
Cryo-Tracker probe
60 ft. long.
2.5 cm wide.
containing 26 silicon
diode sensors.
It’s weight is less
than 0.59 kg.

7. Stratification of Sub-cooled
Propellants
The heat leak
causes the
propellant to warm
and stratify due to
natural buoyancy
forces.

8. Cryo-Tracker
Initially designed for
incorporating in the
propellant vessels of
reusable launch
vehicles.

9. Purpose of Cryo-Tracker
For knowing the amount of propellant
loaded in.
For knowing the liquid & ullage
temperature.
For knowing liquid level.

10. Mass Gauging Method
The entire liquid and ullagetemperature
profile is first obtained.
Tank pressure can then be used to
calculate a liquid density profile.
Liquid density profile is integrated over
the known tank volume.

11. Dual-Purpose Probe.
Temperature measured
using silicon diode
sensors.
Liquid level detection
accuracy is a function of
the sensor spacing.
For 12 inch sensor
spacing, the overall
liquid level accuracy is
±6 inches.

12. Performance
Consistent thermal
response can be
seen between the
sensing elements in
a dual-element
probe when it’s
thermal-cycled in
liquid nitrogen.

13. Hot-Fire Test
(anomaly condition)
The probe is also
capable of measuring
transient fluid
temperature changes.
Figure : Tracking the
rapid change in liquid
oxygen temperature
when warm gases
injected into the tank
mixed the contents.

14. Advantages of Cryo-Tracker
Operating Costs
Accuracy
Reliability
Safety
Efficiency
Scalability
Flexibility

15. Commercial Applications
Cryogenic storage and transport tanks
Home oxygen vessels
Medevac helicopter and military field
hospital oxygen-generating systems
Automobiles running on liquid hydrogen
or liqufied natural gas