CSS_3 Performing Mensuration and Calculation.pptx

CSS grade 7 and 8

1. Computer System Servicing Computer System Servicing Year 7 TLE Exploratory Course

2. Third Learning Competency: PERFORMING MENSURATION AND CALCULATION (PMC) PERFORMING MENSURATION AND CALCULATION (PMC)

3. Learning Outcomes Learning Outcomes LO 1. Select components to be measured; and LO 2. Carry out mensuration and calculation.

4. Definition of Terms Bit - a fundamental unit of information having two possible values, as either of the binary digits 0 or 1. Byte - a unit of digital information in computing and telecommunications that most commonly consists of eight bits. Booting – starting (a computer) by loading an operating system from a disk. Electronic storage - a device for recording (storing) information (data).

5. READ-ONLY MEMORY (ROM) chips are located in the motherboard. ROM chips contain instructions that can be directly accessed by the CPU. Basic instructions for booting the computer and loading the operating system are stored in ROM. MEMORY and STORAGE DEVICES

6. RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY (RAM) is the temporary storage for data and programs that are being accessed by the CPU. RAM is volatile memory, which means that the contents are erased when the computer is powered off. MEMORY and STORAGE DEVICES

7. Storage Drives A floppy drive , or floppy disk drive , is a storage device that uses removable 3.5-inch floppy disks. A hard drive , or hard disk drive , is a magnetic storage device that is installed inside the computer. The hard drive is used as permanent storage for data.

8. An optical drive is a storage device that uses lasers to read data on the optical media. There are three types of optical drives: Compact Disc (CD), Digital Versatile Disc (DVD), and Blu-ray Disc (BD). MEMORY and STORAGE DEVICES

9. CD, DVD, and BD media can be pre-recorded (read-only), recordable (written once), or rewritable (read and written multiple times). MEMORY and STORAGE DEVICES COMPACT DISC (CD) , is a molded plastic disc containing digital data that is scanned by a laser beam for the reproduction of recorded sound and other information. The DVD represents the second generation of the compact disc  (CD)  technology for storing high-quality video on the same 120-mm (4.75-inch) disc. Blu-ray Disc was designed to supersede the  DVD  format, capable of storing several hours of  high-definition video  (HDTV  720p  and  1080p ). The main application of Blu-ray is as a medium for video material such as  feature films  and for the physical distribution of video games for the  PlayStation 3 ,  PlayStation 4 ,  PlayStation 5 ,  Xbox One , and  Xbox Series X .

10. An external flash drive , also known as a thumb drive, is a removable storage device that connects to a USB port.

11. Digital Representation Digital Representation

12. Within a computer, information is represented and stored in a digital binary format. Bit is an abbreviation of “binary digit” and represents the smallest piece of data.

13. Humans interpret words and pictures.

14. Computers interpret only patterns of bits.

15. A bit can have only two possible values, a one-digit (1) or a zero-digit (0). A bit can be used to represent the state of something that has two states. For example, a light switch can be either On or Off; in binary representation, these states would correspond to 1 and 0, respectively.

16. Computers use binary codes to represent and interpret letters, numbers, and special characters with bits. A commonly used code is the American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) . With ASCII, each character is represented by a string of bits. For example: Capital letter: A = 01000001 Number: 9 = 00001001 Special character: # = 00100011

17. Each group of eight bits, such as the representation of letters and numbers is known as “ byte” .

18. Divide by the number by 2. Get the quotient, divide it by 2, and get the quotient and remainder again. Do it repeatedly until the quotient results to 0. Copy the remainder from bottom to top, and that is the binary equivalent. Convert Decimal to Binary

19. Example 1: 25 Quotient Remainder 25/2 12 1 12/2 6 0 6/2 3 0 3/2 1 1 ½ 0 1 25 = 11001 Checking: 1 1 0 0 1 multiplier 16 8 4 2 1 equivalents 16 8 0 0 1 results 16+8+1 = 25

20. Example 2 Decimal Binary 15 1111 Decimal Binary 28 11100 Example 3

21. 11 36 47 64 72 Convert these decimals to binary. 1011 100100 101111 1000000 1001000

22. Convert these binary to decimal. 1010010 1100100 1111010 10010110 11010010 82 100 122 150 210

23. The most basic unit of digital storage is the byte. A byte is 8 bits and is the smallest unit of measure (UOM) used to represent data storage capacity. When referring to storage space, we use the terms bytes (B), kilobytes (KB), megabytes (MB), gigabytes (GB), and terabytes (TB). Calculating Data Storage

24. One kilobyte is a little more than one thousand bytes, specifically 1,024. A megabyte represents more than a million bytes or 1,048,576. A gigabyte is 1,073,741,824 bytes. A terabyte is 1,099,511,627,776. 8 bits - 1 byte 1 kilobyte - 1,024 bytes 1 megabyte - 1,048,576 bytes 1 gigabyte - 1,073,741,824 bytes 1 terabyte - 1,099,511,627,776 bytes

25. Question: How many 20 KB files can be stored in a 1 MB folder? 1 KB = 1,024 Bytes (A) 20KB * 1,024 = 20,480 bytes (B) 1 MB = 1,048,576 bytes B/A = 51.2 Answer: You can store 51 20KB files in a 1MB folder.

26. 1. How many 60 KB jpg files can be stored on a 2 MB folder in your hard drive? 2. How many 5 MB mp3 files can be stored on a 1 GB flash drive? 3. How many 750 MB .mov files can be stored on a 4.3 GB DVD-R? Directions: Solve the problems indicated below. Show your solution.

27. You have a USB drive with a capacity of 8 GB. If each photo is 2 MB, how many photos can you store on the USB drive? A DVD has a capacity of 4.7 GB. If a video file is 800 MB, how many video files can you burn onto the DVD? Directions: Solve the problems indicated below. Show your solution.

28. You have a cloud storage plan with 50 GB capacity. If each document is 5 KB, how many documents can you store in your cloud storage? You have a USB drive with a capacity of 8 GB. If you want to store 1.5 MB images, how many images can you store? Directions: Solve the problems indicated below. Show your solution.

29. If you have a hard drive with a capacity of 500 GB and you want to store 4 GB movies, how many movies can you store? You have a USB flash drive with a capacity of 16 GB. If each document you want to store is 500 KB, how many documents can you store on the flash drive? Your smartphone has an internal storage capacity of 64 GB. If each song is 5 MB, how many songs can you store on your smartphone? A data server has a total storage capacity of 5 terabytes (TB). If each video file is 2 gigabytes (GB), how many video files can be stored on the server? You have a microSD card with a total capacity of 32 GB. If each app you want to install takes up 50 MB, how many apps can you install on the microSD card? Directions: Solve the problems indicated below. Show your solution.