culture and society, elements, aspects and variations

Cultural and its elements

1. UNDERSTANDING CULTURE SOCIETY AND
POLITICS
CULTURE &
SOCIETY
Concept of Culture and Society

2. CULTURE
TODAY'S TOPICS
Definition
Classification
Elements
Characteristics

3. CULTURE
ACTIVITY 1

4. If you don't know history,
then you don't know anything.
Michael Crichton
ALWAYS REMEMBER

8. CULTURE
Culture as a “‘that complex whole which
encompasses beliefs, practices, values,
attitudes, laws, norms, artifacts, symbols,
knowledge, and everything that a person
learns and shares as a member of
society.” (E.B. Tylor 1920
[1871]).

9. CULTURE
A culture is away of life of a group of
people--the behaviors, beliefs, values,
and symbols that they accept, generally
without thinking about them, and that
are passed along by communication and
imitation from one generation to the
next

20. ASPECTS OF CULTURE

21. NON-MATERIAL
CULTURE
MATERIAL
includes all material objects or those
components or elements of culture
with physical representation
There are components of
culture that are nontangible or
without physical
representation made by
human and shared in society
CLASSIFICATION OF CULTURE

22. NON-MATERIAL
CULTURE
MATERIAL
• Weapons
• Machines, gadgets
• Eating utensils
• Jewelry
• Art
• Hair styles
• Clothing
1. Cognitive culture
includes the ideas, concepts, philosophies,
designs, etc. that are products of the
mental or intellectual functioning and
reasoning of the human mind
2. Normative culture
includes al the expectations, standards
and rules for human behavior.
• language
• gestures
• values
• beliefs
• rules (norms)
• philosophies
• customs
• governments
• institutions

23. A. BELIEFS
Beliefs are conceptions or ideas people have
about what is true in the environment around
them like what is life, how to value it, and how
one’s beliefs on the value of life relate with his
other interaction with others and the world.
These may be based on common sense, folk
wisdom, religion, science, or a combination of all
of these.
ELEMENTS OF CULTURE

24. B. VALUES
–shared ideas, right or wrong
–are a culture’s standard for discerning what
is good and just in society. Values are deeply
embedded and critical for transmitting and
teaching a culture’s beliefs
ELEMENTS OF CULTURE

25. ELEMENTS OF CULTURE
C. LANGUAGE
Language is a shared set of spoken and written
symbols. It is basic to communication and
transmission of culture. It is known as the
storehouse of culture.

26. ELEMENTS OF CULTURE
D. TECHNOLOGY
Technology refers to the application of
knowledge and equipment to ease the task of
living and maintaining the environment. It
includes all artifacts, methods and devices
created and used by people

27. ELEMENTS OF CULTURE
E. NORMS
Norms are specific
rules/standards to guide
appropriate behavior.
Societal norms are
different types and
norms.
TYPES OF NORMS
E.1. Proscriptive
Defines and tells us
things not to do
e.2 Prescriptive
Defines and tells us
things to do

28. FORM OF NORMS
E.2.1. FOLKWAYS
Also known as customs, these are norms for
everyday behavior that people follow for the
sake of tradition or convenience.
Folkways are norms that ordinary people
follow in everyday life.
Folkways are not strictly enforced

29. FOLKWAYS
EXAMPLE OF FOLKWAYS
PAGMAMANO
HARANA
PO AT OPO
PAMAMANHIKAN

30. FORM OF NORMS
E.2.2. MORES
These are strict norms that control moral
and ethical behavior. Mores are norms based
on definitions of right and wrong
Mores are norms are taken more seriously and
are strictly enforced. Considered as "essential
to our core values."

31. MORES
E.2.2. EXAMPLE OF MORES
Talking to oneself in public is not considered a normal
behavior.
Nudity in public is not acceptable in most areas.
Picking one's nose in public is not an acceptable behavior.
Rising for the national anthem is an expected behavior.
When dressing for a job interview in an
office, men should wear and a suit and tie.

32. FORM OF NORMS
E.2.3. TABOOS
These are norms that society holds so
strongly that violating it results in extreme
disgust. Often times the violator of the taboo is
considered unit to live in that society
Taboos are so
"strongly ingrained that even the thought of its
violation is greeted with disapproval, disgust or
hate."

33. TABOOS
E.2.3. EXAMPLE OF TABOOS
Abortion -terminating a pregnancy
Addiction -addiction to legal or illegal drugs,
including alcoholism
Adultery -sexual intercourse with someone other
than your spouse
Bestiality or Zoophilia -sexual relations between a
human and an animal
Cannibalism -a human being eating the flesh of
another human being

34. FORM OF NORMS
E.2.4. LAWS
These are codified ethics, and formally agreed,
written down and enforced by an official law
enforcement agency.
A law is a norm that is formally enacted by a
political authority. The power of the state
backs laws.

35. LAWS
E.2.4. EXAMPLE OF LAWS

36. IDEAL CULTURE VS REAL CULTURE
NORMS ARE GUIDELINES FOR
HUMAN BEHAVIOR. SANCTIONS ENCOURAGE
CONFORMITY TO NORMS. SANCTIONS ARE SOCIALLY
IMPOSED REWARDS AND PUNISHMENTS IN SOCIETY
WHICH MAY BE FORMAL OR INFORMAL.

37. 1.Culture is Learned
Culture is gained as in there are sure practices which are
obtained through heredity. People acquire certain
characteristics from their folks yet socio-social examples are
not acquired. These are gained from relatives, from the
gathering and the general public wherein they live. It is in this
manner clear that the way of life of individuals is impacted by
the physical and social climate through which they work
CHARACTERISTICS OF CULTURE

38. 2. Culture is Shared
An idea or activity might be called
culture in case it is shared and
accepted or rehearsed by a
gathering of individuals.
CHARACTERISTICS OF CULTURE

39. 3. Culture is Integrated & Cumulative
Different information exemplified in culture can be passed
starting with one age then onto the next age.
Increasingly more information is added in the specific
culture as the time elapses by. Each might work out answer
for issues in life that passes starting with one age then onto
the next. This cycle stays as the specific culture goes with
time.
CHARACTERISTICS OF CULTURE

40. 4. Culture is Adaptive and Dynamic
No culture stays on the perpetual state.
Culture is changing continually as novel thoughts
and new procedures are added over the long haul
altering or changing the old ways. This is the
attributes of culture that stems from the way of life's
total quality.
CHARACTERISTICS OF CULTURE

41. 5. Culture is Abstract
It is a way of thinking, believing,
feeling and behaving. Culture consist
of ideas, values and perceptions which
were reflected in every people around
the world that’s why we can't see it.
CHARACTERISTICS OF CULTURE

42. 6. Culture is Symbolic
Signs
Gestures
Languages
Color
Flag
CHARACTERISTICS OF CULTURE