Culture and the demographics of Mindanao

categorized with rich historical principles and values of mindanao in the republic of the Philippines

1. Definition & Scope of
International
Relations

2. Introduction
International Relations (IR) a multidisciplinary field that
examines the interactions and relationships among
nation-states, international organizations, non- state
actors, and other global actors. The study of IR seeks
to understand the dynamics of power, cooperation,
conflict, and governance on the international stage.

3. I.
Definition of International
Relations

4. International Relations can be defined as the study of political,
economic, social, and cultural interactions between actors in the
international system. It focuses on the analysis of how states, non-
state actors, and international organizations interact, negotiate, and
make decisions on global issues such as security, trade, human
rights, and the environment. The field encompasses a wide range of
topics, including diplomacy, war and peace, globalization,
international law, and international political economy.

5. Key Aspects of International
Relations as a discipline

6. Interdisciplinary
Nature
IR draws from various fields
like political science, history,
economics, law, sociology, and
geography. This
interdisciplinary approach helps
to understand complex global
issues from multiple
perspectives.
Key Concepts of International Relations as a discipline :

7. Theoretical
Frameworks
IR includes several theories that offer
different explanations for international
behavior. Major theories include
REALISM (focus on power and
security), LIBERALISM (emphasis on
cooperation and institutions),
CONSTRUCTIVISM (importance of
ideas, norms, and identities), and
MARXISM (analysis of global
inequality and economic structures).

8. IR addresses critical global issues like
war and peace, diplomacy, international
trade, human rights, environmental
challenges, and global governance. It
seeks to understand and propose
solutions to these problems.
Global Issues

9. Actors beyond
States
While states are central to IR, the
discipline also studies the role of non-
state actors, such as international
organizations (e.g., the UN), regional
entities (e.g., the EU), NGOs, and
multinational corporations, in shaping
global affairs.

10. IR uses both qualitative and
quantitative methods. Qualitative
approaches might involve case studies,
historical analysis, and interviews, while
quantitative approaches might include
statistical analysis and modeling.
Methodologies

11. Practical
Applications
IR informs foreign policy, diplomacy,
international negotiations, and conflict
resolution. It also helps in
understanding global trends and
predicting future developments in
international affairs.

12. II.
Scope of International
Relations

13. Examining the actions, policies, and
strategies of nation- states in the
international arena, including their foreign
policies, alliances, conflicts, and diplomatic
negotiations.
State Behavior

14. Analyzing the role and impact of
international organizations like the United
Nations, World Trade Organization, and
regional bodies in shaping global
governance, resolving disputes, and
promoting cooperation.
International
Organizations

15. Considering the influence of non-state
actors, such as multinational corporations,
non-governmental organizations (NGOs),
terrorist groups, and social movements, in
international affairs.
Non-State Actors

16. Investigating the concepts of national
security, collective security, arms control,
terrorism, and the management of
conflicts, including theories on deterrence,
balance of power, and peacekeeping.
Security Studies

17. Focusing on the interactions between
states, markets, and international
institutions in relation to economic issues,
trade, investment, development, and the
distribution of wealth and resources.
Global Political
Economy

18. Key Concepts of
International Relations

19. In IR, the state is the primary actor. It refers to a political
entity that possesses a defined territory, a permanent
population, a government, and the ability to enter into
relations with other states. States are recognized as
sovereign entities and are the main units in the
international system. They wield authority over their
territory and are responsible for maintaining order
within their borders.
State

20. Sovereignty is the principle that a state has the ultimate
authority within its own borders and is independent
from external control. This means that no other state or
external actor can intervene in the internal affairs of a
sovereign state without its consent. Sovereignty is a
cornerstone of the modern international system, and it
underpins the legal equality of states.
Sovereignty

21. Power in IR refers to the ability of a state
or other actors to influence the behavior
of other states or actors. Power can be
understood in various forms, including
military power, economic power, political
power, and soft power (the ability to
shape preferences through appeal and
attraction rather than coercion). Power
dynamics are central to the study of
international relations, as states often
pursue policies that increase their power
or leverage their power to achieve their
objectives.
Power

22. International
Systems
The international system
refers to the structure and
patterns of relationships
among states and other
international actors. It includes
the norms, rules, and
institutions that govern
interactions at the global level.

23. The international system can be
characterized by different
configurations, such as
multipolarity (many powerful
states), bipolarity (two dominant
powers), or unipolarity (one
hegemonic power). The nature of
the international system
influences the behavior of states
and the stability of international
relations.

24. Thank you po!