Culture change

Culture change

1. Bataan Peninsula State University Balanga City Graduate School Culture Change Prepared by: YOLANDA D. REYES

2. Culture is the set of values, guiding beliefs, understanding ways of thinking and norms shared by members of an organization.

3. Culture Change

4. C – continuously changing U – unique L – link to progress/history T – trademark U – unquestionable R – risk E – endless/eternal C – critical H – hopeful A – adaptive N- ew G –grateful E - empowered

5. Functions of Culture External adaptation shapes expectation of others guides & controls behavior w/ outsiders influences perceptions of the organization by outsiders Internal integration Determines how members relate to one another Shared by most members of the organization Constitute collective perspective Provides sense of identity for members Guides and control behavior Allows anticipation of action of others Enhances commitment

6. Socie ties continually experience cultural change both material and non material level Material culture – computers and electronic coding have made it possible to create a unique health identifier for each person in Canada. This would enable us to make a data base that included everyone’s individual medical records from birth to death-it could be used by health providers and insurance companies to transfer medical records anywhere quickly BUT

7. Societies continually experience cultural change both material and non material level The available tech does not mean that it will be accepted by the people who believe (non-material culture) that such a national data bank would be an invasion of privacy that could be abused by other.

8. Culture change is a process Cultures change in 3 ways: Discovery – the process of learning about something previously unknown or recognized Invention – the process of reshaping existing cultural items into a new form

9. Items of material culture are more likely candidates for diffusion than ideas or behavior patterns. Diffusion – the transmission of cultural items or social practices from one group or society to another. How does diffusion occur? exploration Media Tourism immigration

10. Other causes of cultural change Pressure arising from: Political ideas Environmental concerns Health concerns Social issues

11. Cultural lag – a gap between the technical development of a society and its moral and legal institution. This happens when material culture changes faster than non material culture, and it creates a lag (space) between the 2 cultural components.

12. Cultural lag is present when: One generation of the culture may adapt to change quickly while another does not. Computers, ipod , e mail, chatting etc , most young people have mastered this technology while parents/grandparents are unable to operate or understand this technology.

13. Cultural diffusion or cultural confusion? Kentucky Fried Chicken “Finger lickin ’ good” In China: “Eat your fingers off” Pepsi “Come alive with the Pepsi Generation” Translated into Tawainese as: “Pepsi will bring your ancestors back from the dead”

14. Cultural Elements Hidden elements Values about what is important Norms about appropriate and inappropriate behavior Assumptions and beliefs about what is true Attitudes toward others and issues Visible elements Symbol – things that stand for something else Material object that hold cultural meaning Heroes – company role models, highlight the values and norms a company wishes to reinforce

15. Tools for change Information Support resources "Unless you are prepared to give up something valuable you will never be able to truly change at all, because you'll be forever in the control of things you can't give up." — Andy Law

16. What do we mean by innovation? the successful exploitation of new ideas …at least two types of innovation Entirely new ideas Re-working of an old idea or the transferring and embedding of existing ideas in to a new setting From presentation by Valerie Hannon, Innovations Unit

17. the nature of innovation ….? Incremental Innovation Minor modifications to existing product Swims with the tide Starts with the present and works forward School improvement ? Radical Innovation Significant breakthrough representing major shift in design Swims against the tide Starts with the future and works backwards Transformation ? From presentation by Valerie Hannon, Innovations Unit

18. Social change is the transformation of culture and social organisation /structure over time.

19. Characteristics of social change * It happens everywhere, but the rate of change varies from place to place . Social change is sometimes intentional but often unplanned. Social change often generates controversy. Some changes matter more than others do.

20. What causes social change? 1. culture 2. conflict 3. idealistic power 4.The need for adaptation 5. environmental factor 6. economic and political advantage 7.demographic factor 8.social movement and change

21. Teacher as a culture broker Culture broking – act of bridging, linking or mediating between groups or persons of differing cultural backgrounds on the purpose of reducing conflicts or producing change . In teaching, emphasis is on the teacher becoming the culture broker between themselves and their students at a personal level but also as facilitating between cultures.

22. Cultural broker – person who facilitates the border crossing of another person or group of people from one culture to another culture. (Jezewski,2001) Skills necessary for teachers to become culture brokers: 1. acquiring cultural knowledge 2. becoming change agents 3. translating knowledge into practice

23. Roles of Teachers 1. cultural organizers – who facilitate strategic ways of accomplishing tasks so that the learning process involves varied ways of knowing, experiencing, thinking and behaving. 2. cultural mediators – who create opportunities for critical dialogues and behaving.

24. 3. orchestrators of social contexts – who provide several learning configurations including interpersonal and intrapersonal opportunities for seeking, accessing and evaluating knowledge

25. As managers,principals , and soon to be principals we need to be a culture broker and as a culture broker we need to be sensitive to look for symbols that we can use to bridge the gap. It’s not difficult to be a culture broker only if we know how.

26. © Blood and Thorsborne, 2005 Culture is the result of messages that are received about what is really valued. People align their behaviour to these messages in order to fit in. Changing culture requires a systematic and planned change to these messages, whose sources are behaviour, symbols and systems. Taylor, 2004