current scenario on dryland in the world .pptx

current scenario on dryland in the world.

1. Current status of Dry farming in the world AGR 512 – Dryland farming and watershed management (2+1) Submitted by, Ajmal Siddique S M .Sc., (Ag.) Agronomy

2. AGR 512 - Dryland farming and watershed management (2+1) 2 Introduction

3. AGR 512 - Dryland farming and watershed management (2+1) 3 Introduction

4. AGR 512 - Dryland farming and watershed management (2+1) 4 Introduction

5. AGR 512 - Dryland farming and watershed management (2+1) 5 WORLD SCENRIO Total land area in the world is 1475 lakh square kilometers. Out of these 11% which is 162.25 lakh square kilometers are agricultural land. Around 80% of agricultural land is Dryland in the world. Dry farming systems occupy about 40% of the world’s lands. Around 2.5 billion peoples are depends on dryland.

6. AGR 512 - Dryland farming and watershed management (2+1) 6 What are drylands and where are they found ? Drylands are defined as lands where the ratio of annual precipitation and mean annual potential evapotranspiration is no more than 0.65. The UNEP-WCMC map divides these lands into four aridity zones: 1) Hyper arid region, 2) Arid region, 3) Semi-arid region, 4) Dry subhumid region.

7. AGR 512 - Dryland farming and watershed management (2+1) 7 What are drylands and where are they found ? Hyper arid   Arid  Semiarid Dry Subhumid Presumed drylands Non drylands ( SOURCE: UNEP-WCMC, 2007)

8. AGR 512 - Dryland farming and watershed management (2+1) 8 GLOBALLY, DRYLAND IS MADE UP OF..

9. AGR 512 - Dryland farming and watershed management (2+1) 9 Distribution of drylands among aridity zones by region

10. AGR 512 - Dryland farming and watershed management (2+1) 10 Distribution of drylands among aridity zones by region

11. Dryland in Northern Africa The drylands of Northern Africa cover almost 725 million hectares, representing 99 percent of the region’s total land area and 12 percent of the global drylands. Most of the drylands – 64 percent are in the hyper arid zone, where the Sahara dominates. About 93 percent of Northern Africa’s drylands have no trees. Land degradation and deforestation are among the main threats facing Northern Africa. International Centre For Agricultural Research In Dry Areas (ICARDA) was established in 1977 to solve food security in dry region of northern Africa.

12. Dryland in Northern Africa

13. Dryland in Northern Africa

14. Dryland in Western and Central Africa The drylands of Western and Central Africa cover almost 683 million hectares, representing 53 percent of the region’s total land area and 11 percent of the global drylands.

15. Dryland in Western and Central Africa

16. Dryland in Eastern Africa Drylands cover 47 percent of the land in Eastern Africa, or 328 million hectares, which representing 5 percent of the global drylands. Most of the drylands in this region are semi-arid (37 percent or 120 million hectares) and dry subhumid (33 percent or 108 million hectares). Most of the crops are rainfed, only 5 million hectares are irrigated.

17. Dryland in Eastern Africa

18. Dryland in Western Asia Drylands cover 94 percent of the land area in Western Asia, or 427 million hectares, representing 7 percent of the global drylands. This region has high hyper arid zone.

19. Dryland in Western Asia

20. Dryland in Central and Eastern Asia The drylands of Central and Eastern Asia consist of 839 million hectares, representing 53 percent of the region’s total land area and 14 percent of the global drylands.

21. Dryland in Central and Eastern Asia

22. Dryland in Southern Asia The drylands of Southern Asia cover a total area of 479 million hectares, including almost all part of India, Afghanistan, Islamic Republic of Iran and Pakistan, representing 71 percent of the region’s total dryland area and 8 percent of the global drylands. The major management for dryland in this region was sowing short duration crop, early monsoon sowing which was recognized in 1960 .

23. Dryland in Southern Asia

24. Dryland in Southern Asia

25. Dryland in Australia The drylands of Australia comprise 677 million hectares, almost entirely in Australia, representing 79 percent of the region’s total dry land area and 11 percent of the global drylands. In Australia, dryland-farming systems will be combination of crops, pastures and fallow periods for the purpose of making efficient use of the limited water. Winter crop production often depends on fallowing over the summer.

26. Dryland in Australia

27. Dryland in Australia

28. Dryland in South America This region includes Brazil, Argentina, Peru & Columbia. The drylands of South America cover almost 545 million hectares, representing 31 percent of the region’s total land area and 9 percent of the global drylands.

29. Dryland in South America

30. Dryland in North and Central America The drylands of North and Central America cover almost 694 million hectares, representing 32 percent of the region’s total land area and 11 percent of the global drylands.

31. Dryland in North and Central America

32. Dryland in Europe The drylands of Europe cover almost 497 million hectares, representing 20 percent of the region’s total land area and 8 percent of the global drylands.

33. AGR 512 - Dryland farming and watershed management (2+1) 33 References https://www.fao.org/dryland-assessment/es/ Yellamanda Reddy T & Sankara Reddy GH., 2023, Principles of Agronomy, Kalyani publishers, Hyderabad.

34. AGR 512 - Dryland farming and watershed management (2+1) 34