cysticercosis in human due to ingestion of uncooked food

Cysticercosis which is an infectious disease

1. CySticercosis Manisha yadav Subgroup 18

2. What is cystIcercosis Cysticercosis refers to the tissue infection caused by the metacestode , or larval stage, of Taenia solium . It is acquired by the accidental ingestion of T. solium eggs. It is endemic to many parts of the developing world, including Latin America, Asia, and sub-Saharan Africa. Cysticercosis is the most common intra-orbital parasitic infection and is observed in 13-46% of infected individuals. The larvae of T. solium gets into tissues such as muscle and brain, and form cysts there (these are called cysticerci ).

3. Mechanism Enter in intestine – lay eggs– penetrate in intestine and go to other organs and cause cysticercosis CNS>muscle>eye When cns is affected it is called neuro cysticercosis - it commonly affects brain parenchyma and cause seizures. If it enters into venticles then it cause hydrocephalus and if in subarachnoid soace then cause meningitis

4. Clinical manifestation Muscular cysticercosis - It appears as dot-shaped or ellipsoidal calcification.
In this cysticercosis , three types of clinical manifestations have been described: the myalgic type; the mass-like, pseudotumor , or abscess-like type; and the rare pseudohypertrophic type, depending upon the pathogenesis. Neurocysticercosis -Seizures and headaches are the most common symptom of neurocysticercosis . Ither symptoms like dizziness, involuntary muscle movement, intracranial hypertension, dementia, hydrocephalus(excess fluid around the brain), psychiatric disturbances, meningoencephalitis, transient paresis, behavioral disorders aphasia, and visual disturbances.

5. In the case of ocular cysticercosis , cysts are found in the vitreous humor, subretinal space, and conjunctiva.
The condition may present an as blurred vision or loss of vision, iritis , uveitis, and palpebral conjunctivitis

6. Lab diagnosis For intestinal disease – stool test- eggs are hexacanther For neurocysticercosis - biopsy- it will show suckers with extremely convoluted spiral canal with thin wall around it and head with spiral tail Other tests like xray , ct for calcified cyst and ELISA

7. Treatment Praziquantel - 50mg/kg In 3 divided doses for 20-30 days Corticosteroids may be given along with praziquantel or albendazole to reduce the inflammatory reactions caused by the dead cysticerci . Antiepileptic drugs should be given until the reaction of the brain has subsided.