CYTOKINE TYPES And FUNCTION IMMUNE SYSTEM And IMMUNO TECHNOLOGY

Introduction types functions development

1. VIVEKANANDHA MM.Sowmiya II B.SC. Biotechnology PG & Research Department of Biotechnology Vivekanandha Arts and Science College For Women Sankari Assignment on “ cytokine types and structure and fuction ” Subject: Immune system and immunotechnology ARTS & SCIENCE COLLEGE FOR WOMEN [An ISO 9001:2015 Certified Institution] (Affiliated to Periyar University, Salem Recognised Under Section 2(f) &12(B) of the UGC Act, 1956) Veerachipalayam , Sankari West (Post) – 637 303, Sankari Tk , Salem Dt., Tamil Nadu PG & RESEARCH DEPARTMENT OF BIOTECHNOLOGY

2. cytokine types structure and function

3. Introduction Types of cytokine Structure Biological functions Disorders Conclusion CONTENS

4. Cytokines are small protein molecules Produced by immune cells, like T cells and macrophages Help fight infections and diseases Communicate with other cells to coordinate immune response Regulate inflammation, cell growth, and tissue repair Introduction of cytokine

5. Interleukins (IL)*: Support immune cell growth and activation . Interferons (IFN)*: Fight viral infections and cancer . Tumor Necrosis Factors (TNF)*: Regulate inflammation and cell death . Chemokines *: Direct immune cell movement and migration . Growth Factors*: Promote cell growth, differentiation, and survival . Colony-Stimulating Factors (CSF)*: Support immune cell production and maturation . Transforming Growth Factors (TGF)*: Regulate cell growth, differentiation, and immune responses. Types of cytokine

6. Protein structure*: Cytokines are small proteins, typically 15-30 kDa in size . Folded chains*: They consist of folded chains of amino acids . α-helices and β-sheets*: Their structure includes α-helices and β-sheets, which provide stability . Disulfide bonds*: Some cytokines have disulfide bonds, which help maintain their shape . Glycosylation *: Many cytokines are glycosylated , with carbohydrate chains attached . This structure allows cytokines to interact with specific receptors on cell surfaces, triggering various biological responses. Structure of cytokine

7. https://www.onlinebiologynotes.com/cytokines-properties-receptors/

8. 1. Activate immune cells 2. Regulate inflammation 3. Fight infections 4. Heal wounds 5. Maintain tissue homeostasis 6. Coordinate immune response 7. Regulate cell growth 8. Differentiate cells These functions highlight the crucial roles cytokines play in the immune system, inflammation, and cell development. Function of cytokine:

9. http://www.sbs.utexas.edu/sanders/Bio347/Lectures/2006/Lecture%2014%202006.htm

10. 1.Autoimmune diseases* - Rheumatoid arthritis (excessive TNF-alpha) - Lupus (imbalanced cytokine production ) 2. Inflammatory disorders*: - Asthma (elevated IL-4, IL-5) - Allergies (increased IL-4, IL-13 ) 3.Cancer *: - Tumor progression (altered cytokine signaling) - Immune evasion (suppressed cytokine production ) 4. Infectious diseases*: - Sepsis (uncontrolled cytokine response) - HIV ( dysregulated cytokine production ) 5. Neurological disorders*: - Multiple sclerosis (imbalanced cytokine production) - Alzheimer's disease (elevated TNF-alpha, IL-1 ) Disorder of cytokine:

11. https://www.cusabio.com/cytokines/Cytokine-Receptor.html

12. 1. Cancer treatment and immunotherapy 2. Vaccine development and adjuvants 3. Treating autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis 4. Combating infectious diseases like HIV and tuberculosis 5. Promoting tissue repair and wound healing 6. Gene therapy and cytokine-mediated gene delivery 7. Treating immunodeficiency disorders like HIV/AIDS 8. Transplantation and immunosuppression 9. Inflammatory disease management 10. Regenerative medicine and cell therapy Let me know if you need anything else! Use of cytokine

13. Cytokines play a crucial role in immune response. They facilitate communication between immune cells. Regulate inflammation and fight infections. Imbalance can lead to various diseases. Therapeutic applications are vast and growing. Cytokines hold promise for treating cancer and autoimmune disorders. Understanding cytokines is key to advancing medicine. Conclusion

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15. MM.Sowmiya THANK YOU