Data Communication and Networking Part 1 (Introduction)

Covers general topics of Data Communication and Networking

1. DATACOMMUNICATION AND
NETWORKING
UNIT 1 –PART 1
02/02/2021 & 03/02/2021
STAFF NAME : Ms. P. ABIRAMI
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
ETHIRAJ COLLEGE FOR WOMEN -CHENNAI

2. 2P ABIRAMI (ASST PROF -DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE)Feb 2 & 3 , 2021

3. 3P ABIRAMI (ASST PROF -DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE)Feb 2 & 3 , 2021

4. 4P ABIRAMI (ASST PROF -DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE)Feb 2 & 3 , 2021

5. 5P ABIRAMI (ASST PROF -DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE)Feb 2 & 3 , 2021

6. COMPONENTS
•
•
•
•
•
6P ABIRAMI (ASST PROF -DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE)Feb 2 & 3 , 2021

7. Characters of data communication
7P ABIRAMI (ASST PROF -DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE)Feb 2 & 3 , 2021

8. Data representation
8P ABIRAMI (ASST PROF -DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE)Feb 2 & 3 , 2021

9. Dataflow
9P ABIRAMI (ASST PROF -DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE)Feb 2 & 3 , 2021

10. 10P ABIRAMI (ASST PROF -DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE)Feb 2 & 3 , 2021

11. Network criteria
11P ABIRAMI (ASST PROF -DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE)Feb 2 & 3 , 2021

12. Identifiers of network
12P ABIRAMI (ASST PROF -DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE)Feb 2 & 3 , 2021

13. Important concepts
13P ABIRAMI (ASST PROF -DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE)Feb 2 & 3 , 2021

14. ACCESS NETWORK
•
•
•
•
•
14P ABIRAMI (ASST PROF -DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE)Feb 2 & 3 , 2021

15. 15P ABIRAMI (ASST PROF -DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE)Feb 2 & 3 , 2021

16. 16P ABIRAMI (ASST PROF -DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE)Feb 2 & 3 , 2021

17. Protocols:
In computer networks, communication occurs between entities in
different systems. An entity is anything capable of sending or receiving
information.
Aprotocolisasetofrulesthatgoverndatacommunications.Aprotocol
defineswhatiscommunicated,howitiscommunicated,andwhenitis
communicated.Thekeyelementsofaprotocolaresyntax,semantics,
andtiming.
17P ABIRAMI (ASST PROF -DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE)Feb 2 & 3 , 2021

18. Standards:
Standardsprovideguidelinestomanufacturers,vendors,governmentagencies,andotherserviceprovidersto
ensurethekindofinterconnectivitynecessaryintoday'smarketplaceandininternationalcommunications.
Datacommunicationstandardsfallintotwocategories:defacto(meaning"byfact"or"byconvention")and
dejure(meaning"bylaw"or"byregulation").
Defacto:
Standardsthathavenotbeenapprovedbyanorganizedbodybuthavebeenadoptedasstandardsthrough
widespreadusearedefactostandards.Defactostandardsareoftenestablishedoriginallybymanufacturers
whoseektodefinethefunctionalityofanewproductortechnology.
Dejure:
Thosestandardsthathavebeenlegislatedbyanofficiallyrecognizedbodyaredejurestandards.
18P ABIRAMI (ASST PROF -DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE)Feb 2 & 3 , 2021

19. Network models
19P ABIRAMI (ASST PROF -DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE)Feb 2 & 3 , 2021

20. 20P ABIRAMI (ASST PROF -DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE)Feb 2 & 3 , 2021

21. 21P ABIRAMI (ASST PROF -DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE)Feb 2 & 3 , 2021

22. TheOpen Systems Interconnection(OSI) model describes
seven layers that computer systems use to communicate over
a network.
It was the first standard model for network communications,
adopted by all major computer and telecommunication
companies in the early 1980s.
22P ABIRAMI (ASST PROF -DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE)Feb 2 & 3 , 2021

23. 23P ABIRAMI (ASST PROF -DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE)Feb 2 & 3 , 2021

24. 24P ABIRAMI (ASST PROF -DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE)Feb 2 & 3 , 2021

25. 25P ABIRAMI (ASST PROF -DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE)Feb 2 & 3 , 2021

26. 26P ABIRAMI (ASST PROF -DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE)Feb 2 & 3 , 2021

27. 27P ABIRAMI (ASST PROF -DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE)Feb 2 & 3 , 2021

28. 28P ABIRAMI (ASST PROF -DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE)Feb 2 & 3 , 2021

29. Physical layers
29P ABIRAMI (ASST PROF -DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE)Feb 2 & 3 , 2021

30. 30P ABIRAMI (ASST PROF -DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE)Feb 2 & 3 , 2021

31. Physical layer converts the binary sequences into signals vice versa and transfer it through a
transmission media such as cables etc.
The signals generated by physical layer is based on the transmission media.
For example
1.Electrical signal is generated if the media is copper cable
2.Light signal if media is optical fibre
3.Radio signal in case of transmission media is air.
This generated signal is received by the physical layer at the receiver side and converts it
into bits.
31P ABIRAMI (ASST PROF -DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE)Feb 2 & 3 , 2021

32. Main functions of Physical Layer:
Digital Transmission:
Oneofthemainfunctionsofphysicallayeristotransferdatainformofsignals.Inthisguide,wewill
learnaboutdigitaltransmission.Adatacanbeeitheranalogordigital.Totransferthedataovera
transmissionmediasuchaswire,cableetc.physicallayermustneedtoconvertthedatatoitsdigital
signal.
Digital data to Digital signal conversion:
Physicallayerconvertsdigitaldatatodigitalsignal.Itusestwotechniquestodothisconversion:Line
codingandblockcoding.
Line coding:
Adigitaldataisinformofbinarysequencesuchas1000111(combinationof0sand1s).Linecodinguses
threeschemestorepresentthesebinarysequencesinformofsignalsthatcanbetransferred.
32P ABIRAMI (ASST PROF -DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE)Feb 2 & 3 , 2021

33. Data link layer
33P ABIRAMI (ASST PROF -DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE)Feb 2 & 3 , 2021

34. Network layer
34P ABIRAMI (ASST PROF -DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE)Feb 2 & 3 , 2021

35. Transport layer
35P ABIRAMI (ASST PROF -DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE)Feb 2 & 3 , 2021

36. Session layer
36P ABIRAMI (ASST PROF -DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE)Feb 2 & 3 , 2021

37. References -images
•www.google.com
•https://www.lifewire.com/osi-model-reference-guide-816289
•https://sites.google.com/site/yutbms/osi-model
•https://www.imperva.com/learn/application -security/osi-model/
•https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/layers-of-osi-model/
•https://infosys.beckhoff.com/english.php?content=../content/1033/tf6310_tc3_tcpip/9007199338987915.html&id=
•https://www.lifewire.com/layers-of-the-osi-model-illustrated-818017
•https://beginnersbook.com/2019/04/osi-model-in-computer-network/
37P ABIRAMI (ASST PROF -DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE)Feb 2 & 3 , 2021