Data_Dictionary of sap abap known as DDIC.ppt

Given is DDIC of SAP ABAP

1. NEXT

2. NEXT

3. ABAP Dictionary
ABAP Dictionary :- Central and redundancy-free
storage facility for all data in the R/3 System. The
ABAP Dictionary describes the logical structure of
application development objects and their
representation in the structures of the underlying
relational database. All runtime environment
components such as application programs or the
database interface get information about these
objects directly from the ABAP Dictionary. The
ABAP Dictionary is an active data dictionary and is
fully integrated in the ABAP Workbench.

4. ABAP Dictionary
Table :-
Tabular array of data in the ABAP Dictionary. A table
consists of Columns (data values of the same type) and
Rows (data records). Each record can be identified
uniquely by one or several fields.
EMPID ENAME ADDRESS SALARY
000001 AAAA HHH 15000.00
000002 BBBB SSS 10000.00
000003 AAAA PPP 10000.00
000004 BBBB QQQ 15000.00
Key field

5. ABAP Dictionary
Table category :-
The table category defines how the table is
implemented physically. It can be a:
-Transparent database table.

- Pooled table .
- Cluster table.

6. ABAP Dictionary
Transparent table:-
Is a Table type in the ABAP
Dictionary. A transparent
table is first defined in the
ABAP Dictionary and then
created in the database.
Empid Ename Address Salary
00001 Aaa Hhhh 12000.00
00002 bbb ssss 1500.00
Data base
Empid Ename AddressSalary
00001 Aaa Hhhh 12000.00
00002 Bbb Ssss 15000.00
Data base table
Transparent Table
Data Base Server
Application Server

7. ABAP Dictionary Pooled table:-
Is a Table type in the ABAP
Dictionary. The data of several
pooled tables are stored together as a
table pool in the database. Therefore,
a pooled table is known in the
ABAP Dictionary, but not in the
database.
Empid Ename Address Salary
00001 Aaa Hhhh 12000.00
00002 bbb ssss 1500.00
Data base
Empid Ename
00001 Aaa
00002 Bbb
Table Pool
Pooled Tables
Data Base Server
Application Server
Address
Hhhh
Ssss
Salary
12000.00
15000.00
ENAMES ADDRESSES SALARY
EMP
NOTE:- There is no Relation
Between any Two Pooled Tables

8. ABAP Dictionary
Cluster table :-
Is a Table type in the ABAP Dictionary.
The data of several cluster tables is stored together in a table cluster in the
database. A cluster table is thus known only in the ABAP Dictionary, but not
in the database.
Empid Ename Address Salary
00001 Aaa Hhhh 12000.00
00002 bbb ssss 1500.00
Data base
Empid Ename
00001 Aaa
00002 Bbb
Table Cluster
Cluster Tables
Data Base Server
Application Server
Address
Hhhh
Ssss
Salary
12000.00
15000.00
ENAMES ADDRESSES SALARY
EMP
Empid
00001
00002
Empid
00001
00002
NOTE:- There will be a Relation
Between all Clustered Tables

9. ABAP Dictionary Domain :-
Object that describes the technical
attributes of a field such as its data type
and length. A domain defines a value
range containing the valid values for fields
that refer to that domain. You can group
fields that have similar technical or
business purposes together under a single
domain. All fields based on a domain are
automatically updated when you change
the domain. This guarantees the
consistency of the fields.

10. ABAP Dictionary
DATA Element :-
Object that describes the data type and
semantic meaning of a table or structure field.
Fields with the same purpose should have the
same underlying data element. Data elements
are like types, so you can address them in
ABAP programs using the TYPE statement.
This allows you to define elementary types
that have the type attributes (one of the ABAP
Dictionary data types, field length, and, where
appropriate, number of decimal places) of a
data element.

11. CREATION OF NEW TABLE :-
Enter SE11 in command field to get
Dictionary initial screen, the initial
screen look like as follow.
You can create a table in two ways
1. Top down method
2. Bottom up method.

12. 1.Top down method :-
In this method you can create a Table
and table fields with out creating data
elements , when you double clicked
on a data element field, Maintain
Data Element screen is appeared
there you can select either
elementary type or built in type. And
enter required attributes (field
labels).

13. If you select Elementary type you can
create a Domain for that data element.
To create a Domain just enter a domain
name and double click on the domain
name, Maintain Domain screen is
appeared there you can specify data
type, length and decimal places if any on
the Definition tab. On Value range tab
you can specify single values or Value
ranges for the domain and Value Table
for the domain.

14. Enter transaction code SE11 to get Dictionary initial screen

15. Enter table name and press
create button or F5 key

16. 1.Enter short description
2.Select a delivery class
3.Check the Table maintenance allowed
4.Click on fields tab
Application table (master and transaction data)

17. 1.Enter field names
2.Create data elements
3.Go for technical settings

20. 1.Buffering & buffer types
2. Log Data Changes

21. After setting the technical
settings save the settings
and come back to Maintain
Table screen.

22. 2.Double click on data element field
FOLLOWING SCREEN WILL BE
DISPLAYED

24. 1.Enter short text
2.Enter domain name
3. Press on field labels tab

25. 1. Enter field labels
GO
BACK

26. 2.Double click domain name

27. 1. Enter data type
2. Enter size
3. Enter decimal points
If required
4. Click value range tab

28. 1. Enter value ranges
2. Enter value table if any

29. Buffering :-
Means of keeping the table data in the buffer of
the application server after the first access.
Buffering allows you to read the data from
main memory next time it is accessed, thus
saving a further database access.

30. Buffering permission:-
Setting in the technical settings of a table or
database view. The buffering permission
defines if the table or database view should be
buffered.

31. Buffering type:-
Table attribute that determines how a table is
buffered (single record, generic, full, or not at
all). The buffering type is defined in the
technical settings for a table.
<BACK

32. logging :-
(Log data changes)
Table attribute that specifies whether
changes to table entries are to be logged.
You can set a standard type of logging in the
technical settings for a table. If logging is
switched on, each change to a table record
is recorded in a log table.
< Back

33. ABAP Dictionary
Value table :-
Sometimes when you define a domain, you
already know that all fields that use the
domain will need to be checked against a
particular table. You can store this information
in the domain definition by specifying a value
table. If you try to define a foreign key for a
field that points to this domain, the value table
of the domain is proposed as the check table
for the foreign key.

34. ABAP Dictionary
Check table :-
A foreign key links two tables T1 and T2 by
assigning fields of table T1 to the primary key
fields of table T2. Table T2 is then known as
the check table of the foreign key.

35. Master data:-
Data that remains the same over a long period of time
Master data contains information that is needed often and
in the same form.
Examples:
* The master data of a cost center contains the name of
the cost center, the person responsible for the cost center,
the corresponding hierarchy area, and so on.
•The master data of a vendor contains the name, address,
and bank information for the vendor.
* The master data of a user in the SAP System contains
the user's authorizations in the system, the name of their
default printer, their start transaction, and other
information.

36. Transaction data :-
Transaction-specific data which is short-lived
and assigned to certain master data.
Individual posting documents are called
transaction data. For example, transaction data
relating to sales development can be assigned
to a vendor's master data. The total sales of a
vendor consist of the data of the individual
business transactions, the transaction data.