Deaf and dumb

1. Methods Used in English Teaching
to Deaf and Dumb Students
Presented by
Maryam Khalid
Roll No. 06
Department of English
The Islamia University of Bahawalpur

2. Introduction
Man is a social being so it is natural for him to
communicate and interact.
What is Communication?
“It is a process of communicating or exchanging Ideas,
Thoughts, Feelings, Information in form of verbal or
non-verbal message”.
Language is an arbitrary system of symbols or code that
can be employed for expressing and receiving
communicating messages.
Speech is the verbal presentation of language.

3. Human Communication Types

4. Exceptional Children
Exceptional Children are those children who are
unable to communicate due to any disability or
impairment.
Communication Disorder
Receptive Disorder
Expressive Disorder

5. Receptive Disorder
It is difficulty in processing and
understanding language due to
listening impairment. It has two
types.
Deaf
A person who is deficient in
hearing power.

6. Types of Deaf
Pre-lingual
Post-lingual
Hard-of-hearing
It means the loss of hearing ability but the person may
have residual hearing to some degree.
Types of Hearing Loss
•Conductive hearing loss
•Sensorineural loss
•Mixed disorder

7. Conductive Hearing Loss
Disorder that occurs in the outer or middle ear.
Sensorineural Loss
Disorder of inner ear.
Mixed Disorder
It is the mixture of both conductive and
Sensorineural loss.

8. Degree of Hearing Loss
Profound (90 dbl)
Severe (65-90 dbl)
Moderate (40-65 dbl)
Slight/Mild(27-40 dbl)

9. Expressive Disorder
It is the inability to express or
to produce a sound. Person
suffering from this disorder is
called Dumb.
Dumb
Is the individual who lacks the
ability to speak.

10. Causes of dumbness
•Hearing impairment
•Unwillingness to speak
•Malformation of vocal organs

11. Speech Disorders
Articulation Disorder
Fluency Disorder
Resonance Disorder

12. Teaching of English
In recent years, emphasis is laud on teaching
English as Second Language to deaf students,
because of many reasons.
English has great importance for educational
career of students of both English speaking
and non-English speaking countries. Students
are taught English language in order to
enhance their knowledge.
English is linking language. It is beneficial for
deaf students.
English still important as English.

13. Learning English language is a very slow process for
deaf and dumb students.
Students try to compensate this inability with the help
of different aids and technologies yet they accomplish
only partial acquisition of spoken language.

14. Educational consideration
Education is important for deaf and dumb
students for their academic growth as well as
for the development of their all-round
personality. These impaired children lack the
ability to use language and communication
skills for educational purposes like their
normal peers. That’s why, different
approaches and methods are employed for
teaching English language and its use.

15. Communication Approaches
Oral/Aural communication approach
Manual Communication Approach
Total Communication Approach
Use of Developed Technologies Approach

16. Oral/Aural Communication
Approach
This approach advocates that children must be
helped in developing their listening and
speaking abilities. It uses following methods.
•Amplification of sound
•Auditory training
•Lip reading
•Speech readiness
•Speech therapy

17. Lip Reading
It means to imitate the message by observing
and imitating movement of lips of speaker, his
expressions and gestures in same context.
Speech readiness
Exercises of tongue movement, gliding
movement and breathing exercises.

18. Speech therapy
It is training to produce sounds.
Vowel sounds
These sounds are taught with reference to their the place
of vibration.
Consonant sounds
Most visible and easy sounds are taught first like
p, b, s, t
Gliding sounds are taught in the end.
Then sounds are taught in combination like ‘pa’

19. Amplification of sound
It means to amplify sound with help of hearing
aids.
Auditory training
To develop listening ability and ability to
discriminate among sounds.
• Awareness of sound
•Localization of sound
•Discrimination of sound
•Identification of sound

20. Manual communication approach
It is use of manual methods.
• Sign language
•Finger spelling
•Cued speech

21. Sign language
Language which uses for manual communication
and body language for conveying meanings. It
include hand shapes, orientation and
movement of hands or body and facial
expressions.
BSL can be used for teaching.

23. Characteristics of BSL
•It is natural and flexible language.
•It has its own vocabulary and grammar.
•It has dialects. It is different from other sign
languages.
•It has functional properties and principles like
1.Arbitrariness: conventional, Iconic
2.Productivity
3.Flexibility
4.Discreetness and duality
5.Displacement

24. BSL vocabulary
•Sign alphabets
•Common words
•Pronouns
BSL Grammar
•No SVO order
English: Do you want a cup of tea?
BSL: tea you?
•Null subject language

27. BSL Grammar

28. Finger Spelling
It is method of expressing the alphabets
manually.

29. Cued Speech
•It is visual representation of speech sounds.

30. Total communication method
It is combined use of aural, oral and manual
modalities.
•Use of sign language
•Lip reading
•Listening
•Auditory practice
•Speech practice

31. Use of technologies approach
•Hearing aids
•Cochlear implantation
•Film capturing
•Text telephones
•Computer programs

32. Back ear device

33. Middle ear device

34. Cochlear implantation

35. Communication Board

36. Text telephone

37. Conclusion
TC is best method for teaching English along
with use of latest technologies. It involves
both oral/aural and manual practice according
to the need of student.