Dean r berry fallacy false dichotomy

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1. Logical Fallacies: False Dichotomy

2. Free PowerPoint Version Slideshare.com Type PPT title or dean r berry

3. The False Dichotomy Fallacy A Common Core Lesson By Dean Berry, Ed. D. Gregg Berry, B. A. Common Core Curriculum Solutions www.commoncorecurriculum.info

4. Reading with Your Eyes and Your Brain Skillful readers learn how to read persuasive or opinionated text with a very critical eye. They realize that the author’s purpose is to convince the reader to believe what the author is saying and to consider the arguments given as valid even if they violate logical reasoning and lack supporting evidence. The author’s motive may be to get the reader to buy something, vote a certain way, change an attitude, or behave differently.

5. In order to avoid manipulation by the author, good readers learn how to detect poor reasoning and faulty arguments . They are able to identify the various logical fallacies such as begging the question, strawman, overgeneralization, slippery slope, and others. During this lesson, we will study logical fallacies.

6. Understanding logic is very important when reading text that is attempting to convince you of something.

7. I believe Dr. Spock is correct. We humans need to understand logical fallacies such as the forced dichotomy.

8. Logical Fallacies The False Dichotomy Definition : In false dichotomy , the arguer sets up the situation so it looks like there are only two choices . The arguer then eliminates one of the choices as very unworkable, so it seems that we are left with only one option: the one the arguer wanted us to pick in the first place. But often there are really many different options, not just two —and if we thought about them all , we might not be so quick to pick the one the arguer recommends.

9. False dichotomy is a forced choice fallacy . It must be all one way or all the other way. No other solutions are considered. The choices offered do not include any grey areas in between the two choices offered.

10. The Take It or Leave It Argument

11. False Dichotomy "All homeless people are either victims of circumstance who deserve our help, or they're lazy bums who have ruined their own lives."

12. The False Dichotomy When someone asks you an either/or question —also called a dichotomy—it's natural to choose an answer without considering whether the question itself makes sense. The way a question is asked can be designed to trap the audience into selecting the lesser of two poor solutions rather than choosing another idea that wasn’t even offered by the person asking the question. The False Dichotomy takes advantage of this tendency; it's a clever trap that is often used by politicians, news editorials, and people arguing controversial issues.

13. Let's practice identifying False Dichotomies .   Read the following two examples and determine whether they're False Dichotomies. Tip: As you read, consider whether the dichotomy presented in each example is complete or incomplete. If there are other options available besides the two that the dichotomy is presenting, it's probably a false dichotomy.

14. Is this a false dichotomy? Explain Why or Why Not. Ladies and gentlemen, we have two choices before us; we either give all illegal aliens amnesty or we send them all back to their own countries. Go to Next Frame

15. Pair Share Turn to your neighbor and discuss your answer to this question. Ladies and gentlemen, we have two choices before us; we either give all illegal aliens amnesty or we send them all back to their own countries.

16. Is this a false dichotomy? Explain Why or Why Not. If you want better public schools, you have to raise taxes. If you don't want to raise taxes, you can't have better schools.“ Go to Next Frame

17. Pair Share Turn to your neighbor and discuss your answer to this question. If you want better public schools, you have to raise taxes. If you don't want to raise taxes, you can't have better schools." 

18. Is this a false dichotomy? Explain Why or Why Not. We are going to have a huge number of wild fires this summer unless we do something major. We need to cut back the dry brush, invest in more trucks and airplanes for the fire department, use fire retardant in dangerous areas, or keep people out of forest areas during the fire season. Go to Next Frame

19. Pair Share Turn to your neighbor and discuss your answer to this question. We are going to have a huge number of wild fires this summer unless we do something major. We need to cut back the dry brush, invest in more trucks and airplanes for the fire department, use fire retardant in dangerous areas, or keep people out of forest areas during the fire season.

20. Is this a false dichotomy? Explain Why or Why Not. Senator Jill: "We'll have to cut education funding this year."  Senator Bill: "Why?"  Senator Jill: "Well, either we cut the social programs or we live with a huge deficit and we can't live with the deficit.“ Go to Next Frame

21. Pair Share Turn to your neighbor and discuss your answer to this question. Senator Jill: "We'll have to cut education funding this year."  Senator Bill: "Why?"  Senator Jill: "Well, either we cut the social programs or we live with a huge deficit and we can't live with the deficit."

22. Is this a false dichotomy? Explain Why or Why Not. "Look, you are going to have to make up your mind. Either you decide that you can afford this stereo, or you decide you are going to do without music for a while.“ Go to Next Frame

23. Pair Share Turn to your neighbor and discuss your answer to this question. "Look, you are going to have to make up your mind. Either you decide that you can afford this stereo, or you decide you are going to do without music for a while."

24. Is this a false dichotomy? Explain Why or Why Not. We either have to send a large military force to Syria with thousands of boots on the ground, greatly increase drone strikes in Syria, ask our military partners to send troops along with ours, or get completely out of the Middle East conflict. Go to Next Frame

25. Pair Share Turn to your neighbor and discuss your answer to this question. We either have to send a large military force to Syria with thousands of boots on the ground, greatly increase drone strikes in Syria, ask our military partners to send troops along with ours, or get completely out of the Middle East conflic t.

26. Is this a false dichotomy? Explain Why or Why Not. Either we keep the terrorists in prison for life, or if we free them there will be a rise in terrorist activities. We don’t want a rise in terrorist activities, so it is better to keep the terrorists in prison.” Go to Next Frame  

27. False Dichotomy Fallacy 2 min animated https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w7jh5HxYfjA

28. Pair Share Turn to your neighbor and discuss your answer to this question. Either we keep the terrorists in prison for life, or if we free them there will be a rise in terrorist activities. We don’t want a rise in terrorist activities, so it is better to keep the terrorists in prison.”  

29. Quick Write Think about one of the issues listed below and write an argument that uses the false dichotomy fallacy to persuade people that they must chose your position. Require all drunk drivers to go to jail when they are convicted. Do not ban the sale of guns to private citizens. Legalize assisted suicide. Remember to offer only two choices and make one choice seem worse than the other.