Declarative memory

1. Declarative Memory (HM case) MS / PhD Integrated Student Jongmin Yu([email protected] ) Applied Computing Laboratory Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Neural Science

2. 1 Basic Terms 3 Episodic memory 4 Semantic memory 5 Q&A, Reference 2 Declarative memory & HM case

3. Declarative memory Basic Terms Long Term memory Declarative memory Procedural memory Episodic memory Semantic memory Skill & habits memory Classical conditioning Non-Associative learning Priming Explicit memory Counter part of Non-declarative memory(Procedural memory ) ‘Usually what people are referring to when they speak of memory.’ Storing specific personal experiences Storing factual information

4. Declarative memory Declarative memory These different types of  long-term memory  are stored in different regions of the brain and undergo quite different processes . Factual knowledge + memories of past events = Declarative memory Declarative memories are encoded by the  hippocampus ,  entorhinal cortex   and  perirhinal cortex  (all within the  medial temporal lobe  of the brain ) Hippocampus : key structure in episodic or autobiographical memory) Entorhinal cortex : ( Brodmann Area’s 28,34) a hub in a widespread network for  memory  and navigation Perirhinal coretex : ( -’s 35,36) receives highly-processed sensory information from all sensory regions   There are two types of declarative memory: semantic memory and episodic memory .

5. Episodic memory memory of autobiographical events times , places, associated emotions, and other contextual knowledge It can be explicitly stated.  collection of past personal experiences Nine properties of episodic memory Contain summary records of sensory-perceptual-conceptual-affective processing. Retain patterns of activation/inhibition over long periods. Often represented in the form of (visual) images. They always have a perspective (field or observer). Represent short time slices of experience. They are represented on a temporal dimension roughly in order of occurrence. They are subject to rapid forgetting. They make autobiographical remembering specific. They are recollectively experienced when accessed.   information processed at medial temporal lobe , include   hippocampus . Declarative memory

6. Semantic memory Declarative memory Semantic memory  refers to the  memory   (  facts , meanings,  conceptsand  knowledge about the external world) the meaning of something or event understandings , and other concept-based  knowledge underlies the conscious recollection of factual information general knowledge  about the world. = general factual knowledge The semantic memory is generally  derived  from the episodic memory Process Location : medial  temporal lobes  (MTL) and  hippocampal formation

7. HM case Declarative memory Henry Gustav "HM" Molaison heavy anterograde amnesia temporally graded  retrograde amnesia remove the anterior two thirds of his hippocampi = memory disorder  patient Contribution to science very important role in the development of theories that explain the link between brain function and  memory understanding of how particular areas of the brain may be linked to specific processes hypothesized to occur in memory formation.

8. Summary Backgrounds Declarative memory Factual knowledge + memories of past events = Declarative memory encoded by the  hippocampus ,  entorhinal cortex   and   perirhinal cortex Divided by two type Episodic memory memory of autobiographical events times, places, associated emotions, and other contextual knowledge Have a special properties processed at medial temporal lobe , include  hippocampus Semantic memory general factual knowledge Process Location : medial  temporal lobes  (MTL) and  hippocampal formation derived  from the episodic memory

9. References Dessertenne F., La tachycardie ventriculaire a deux foyers opposes variables, Arch . Mal. Coeur . Vaiss . 2, 263–72 (1966 ) Polo´nski L., Wasilewski J., Elektrokardiografia i Angiografia w Zawale Serca (Electrocardiography and Angiography in Myocardial Infarction) Urban & Partner , Wrocaw (2004 ) Sokolow M., Lyon T.P., The ventricular complex in right ventricular hypertrophy as obtained by unipolar precordial and limb leads. Am . Heart. J . 38, 273–94 (1949 ) Waller A.G., A demonstration in man of electromotive changes accompanying the heart’s beat, J . Physiol . 8, 229–34 (1887) References

10. Q & A