Deglutition

Deglutition - physiology, types

1. DEGLUTITION Prepared by:-Prianka Dodia

2. What is deglutition or swallowing? T he series of coordinated muscle contraction that moves a bolus of food from the oral cavity through the esophagus to the stomach. It is an important function carried out by stomatognathic system.(  consists of the mouth, jaws, and closely associated structures)

3. Types Infantile swallow Mature swallow or adult swallow

4. INFANTILE SWALLOW Infants swallow food by suckling. This is an autonomic reflex in human beings. In infants, suckling and swallowing proceed together.

5. Mechanism of infantile swallow Breastfeeding infant lips close around the areola of the breast Tongue protrudes to the lower lip and forms a spoon like closure around nipples Mandible supports the lip and tongue and applies pressure Tongue is lowered and a vaccum is created while the mandible moves back Milk is directed to the pharynx by the peristaltic movement of tongue

6. Characteristics Lips are sealed and appear stiff Tongue is abnormally large and is caught between maxillary and mandibular gumpads There is no harmonious relationship between the maxilla and the mandible Absence of normal seal There is no harmonious relationship between cranial and facial structures

7. MATURE SWALLOWING Mature swallow develops around 4-5 years Maturation of swallow pattern occurs with the addition of semisolid and solid food to the diet.

8. Characteristics Cessation of lip activity, i.e. lips relaxed Placement of tongue tip against the palate and behind upper incisors . Posterior teeth into occlusion during swallow Downward and forward mandibular growth increases intraoral volume and vertical growth of the alveolar process changes tongue posture . Mandible stabilized by contraction of muscles of mastication .

9. Phases of deglutition Starts as soon as food is ingested The liquid or crushed food are placed in swallow preparatory phase Mouth is sealed by lip or tongue. Oral phase The soft palate raise to seal off the nasal cavity and the posterior part of the tongue drops down. Thus smooth path for bolus is created and it is pushed into pharynx by peristaltic action of the tongue. Preparatory phase

10. Begins as soon as food passes through the faucial pillars. As the food reaches the pharyngeal walls there is a reflex upward movement of the entire pharyngeal complex. When the pharyngeal walls touches the soft palate a peristaltic movement sets up to move the food down. Pharyngeal phase Oesophageal phase Food passes through the cricopharyngeal sphincter through oesophagus to stomach

11. VIDEO