Dengue fever its causes symptoms and treatment

This is slide about dengue fever and its causes the agents and the vestors causing it.

1. Dengue fever Y.PRAVEEN II BSC OTAT

2. definition Dengue is a viral infection that spreads from mosquito to the people. It is one of the communicable disease A mosquito- brone viral disease occuring in the tropical and subtropical areas

3. INCIDENCE All the age group people will be affected. Every year up to 400 million people get infected with dengue. Between 1st January2023 to december2023 a total of 4.1 million suspended dengue cases were reported.

4. Risk factor children more than 6 or less than 6 years can be affected Living in the tropical and subtropical areas During the rainy reason there is high chance of spreading dengue Travelling to the tropical areas increase exposure to the virus

5. Causative organism Dengue is caused by a virus of the Flaviviridae family flavivirus genus arbovirus Flavivirus Arbovirus

6. incubation period Symptomatic dengue begins abruptly after an incubation period of 5-7 days (range 3-10 days)

7. mode of transmission Primarily transmitted from person to person through the bite of an infected "Aedes albopictus“. Man Mosquito Man

8. pathophysiology Mosquito bites the dengue infected person ↓ virus enter into the Mosquito ↓ Then the Mosquito get infected and bites an healthy person ↓ Virus enters into the skin of the person ↓ It binds into the body and enter into WBC ↓ The virus replicates and infects inside the langerhans cells  

9. Results in virumia in the blood stream. ↓ which caves the symptoms such as Fever Headache Fatique Internal bleeding for the range of 5 to 7days ↓ Dengue fever.

10. symptoms Fever with high temperature 104 F ( 40 ). Head ache. sore throat pain in the bones and joints and in the abdominal areas of the body. Skin rashes and red spots Nausea and vomiting Fatigue Internal bleeding. SKIN RASHES RED SPOTS

11. diagnosis Physical examination:- Clinical findings includes Nausea, Vomiting, Rashes and pain of the dengue infected person should be examined. PCR- Polymerase Chain Reaction PCR s a type of molecular test, widely used to make millions to billions copies of a specific DNA sample, with a very small sample of DNA . This test done to the patient during the1st to 7 days after your symptoms begin. Thrombocytopenia Deficiency of platelets in blood. The normal platelet count should be 150,000 to 250,000 per micro litre of blood in normal person platelet count can go to low as 40,000 to 20,000 in dengue infected person Dengue serology used for the qualitative detection of blood, this causes bleeding into the tissues

12. treatment Antipyretics:- paracetamol is the recommended antipyretic with the dose of 1-2 years : 60-120 mg/dose 3-6 years 120 mg/dose 7-12 years: 240 mg/dose Adult: 500 mg/dose Through oral route. Analgesics:- Acetaminophen 500mg through oral. It will be used as the painkiller as per the doctor’s advise Maintain fluid therapy. crystalloids and colloids. oral rehydration and IV fluids. Platelet transfusion.

13. complications shock - low blood pressure Internal bleeding and organ damage Damage to the lymphatic system Persistent abdominal pain Thrombocytopenia Death

14. prevention Mosquito control:- Use insect repellents, wear long sleeved shirts and control mosquito inside and outside your home Vaccines “ Dengvaxia ” is the vaccine to prevent from dengue fever. Avoid stagnant water. Avoid travelling to tropical and subtropical areas

15. references Current consult medicine Davidson principle cand practice of Medicine

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