Departmental Information Systems and Management Information Systems
nawanan
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39 slides
Sep 27, 2014
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About This Presentation
For Mahidol University Faculty of ICT's 2014 Health IT Course (ITCS404)
Slide Content
Departmental
Information
Systems &
Management
Information
Systems in
Healthcare
Organizations
Nawanan
Theera-Ampornpunt http://www.slideshare.net/nawanan
Parts of this material were based on materials developed by Duke University, funded by the Office of the
National Coordinator for Health Information Technology, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services under
Award Number IU24OC000024 (Health IT Workforce Curriculum v.2.0, Component 6/Unit 9-1).
Information
Systems &
Management
Information
Systems in
Healthcare
Organizations
Nawanan
Theera-Ampornpunt http://www.slideshare.net/nawanan
Parts of this material were based on materials developed by Duke University, funded by the Office of the
National Coordinator for Health Information Technology, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services under
Award Number IU24OC000024 (Health IT Workforce Curriculum v.2.0, Component 6/Unit 9-1).
2
Outline
Departmental Information Systems
Hospital departments
Nature of enterprise information systems
Departmental IS categories
Integration & interfaces
System acquisition decisions
Management Information Systems (MIS)
Concepts of MIS
Common MIS in healthcare organizations
Outline
Departmental Information Systems
Hospital departments
Nature of enterprise information systems
Departmental IS categories
Integration & interfaces
System acquisition decisions
Management Information Systems (MIS)
Concepts of MIS
Common MIS in healthcare organizations
3
Class Exercise 1
Name some departments or
organizational units of a hospital that you
can think of.
Class Exercise 1
Name some departments or
organizational units of a hospital that you
can think of.
4
Examples of Hospital Departments
Clinical departments
Pediatrics (children)
Ophthalmology (eye)
Psychiatry (mental health)
Nursing
Pathology (lab)
Radiology (x-rays)
Anesthesiology
Family medicine
Physical medicine &
rehabilitation
Surgery
Obstetrics/Gynecology -
OB/GYN (childbirth &
woman’s health)
Otolaryngology (Ear, nose,
throat - ENT)
Orthopedics (bone
diseases)
Internal medicine
Emergency medicine
Community medicine
Pharmacy
Operating rooms
Outpatient departments
Inpatient wards
Examples of Hospital Departments
Clinical departments
Pediatrics (children)
Ophthalmology (eye)
Psychiatry (mental health)
Nursing
Pathology (lab)
Radiology (x-rays)
Anesthesiology
Family medicine
Physical medicine &
rehabilitation
Surgery
Obstetrics/Gynecology -
OB/GYN (childbirth &
woman’s health)
Otolaryngology (Ear, nose,
throat - ENT)
Orthopedics (bone
diseases)
Internal medicine
Emergency medicine
Community medicine
Pharmacy
Operating rooms
Outpatient departments
Inpatient wards
5
Examples of Hospital Departments
Administrative departments
General administration office
Hospital director’s office
Human resources
Finance
Procurement & material management department
Public relations
Policy & planning
Medical education
Graphics design & media
Academic affairs
Student affairs
Library
Quality improvement department
IT/Informatics
etc.
Examples of Hospital Departments
Administrative departments
General administration office
Hospital director’s office
Human resources
Finance
Procurement & material management department
Public relations
Policy & planning
Medical education
Graphics design & media
Academic affairs
Student affairs
Library
Quality improvement department
IT/Informatics
etc.
6
Health Care Information
System (HCIS)
Information system used within a health care
organization
Facilitates communication
Integrates information
Documents health care interventions
Performs record keeping
Otherwise supports the functions of the
organization
Shortliffe, E, Cimino J, eds: Biomedical informatics: Computer
Applications in Health Care and Biomedicine. Third Edition. New
York, NY: Springer; 2006
.
Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version
2.0/Spring 2011
Health Care Information
System (HCIS)
Information system used within a health care
organization
Facilitates communication
Integrates information
Documents health care interventions
Performs record keeping
Otherwise supports the functions of the
organization
Shortliffe, E, Cimino J, eds: Biomedical informatics: Computer
Applications in Health Care and Biomedicine. Third Edition. New
York, NY: Springer; 2006
.
Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version
2.0/Spring 2011
7
Hospital Information System
Information system used within a hospital
Sometimes divided into
Front Office (Clinical information systems)
Back Office (Management information
systems)
Hospital Information System
Information system used within a hospital
Sometimes divided into
Front Office (Clinical information systems)
Back Office (Management information
systems)
8
Enterprise-wide Information Systems
Shortliffe, EH, Blois, MS., The Computer Meets Medicine and Biology: Emergency of a Discipline.
In: Shortliffe, E, CiminoJ, eds: Biomedical informatics: Computer Applications in Health
Care and Biomedicine. Third Edition. New York, NY: Springer; 2006.
Enterprise-wide Information Systems
Shortliffe, EH, Blois, MS., The Computer Meets Medicine and Biology: Emergency of a Discipline.
In: Shortliffe, E, CiminoJ, eds: Biomedical informatics: Computer Applications in Health
Care and Biomedicine. Third Edition. New York, NY: Springer; 2006.
9
Class Exercise 2
Choose 3-5 hospital departments and
discuss their specific information needs
and circumstances
Class Exercise 2
Choose 3-5 hospital departments and
discuss their specific information needs
and circumstances
10
Hospital Information System (HIS)
Information system used within a hospital
Sometimes divided into
Front Office (Clinical information systems)
Back Office (Management information
systems)
Hospital Information System (HIS)
Information system used within a hospital
Sometimes divided into
Front Office (Clinical information systems)
Back Office (Management information
systems)
11
Some characteristics
Front Office
Focuses on patient
care
Patient records
should be
accessible
hospital-wide to
clinical
departments
Time may be
critical
Back Office
Performs
administrative
functions
Some information is
specific to the
individual
department
Often is not very
time-dependent
Some characteristics
Front Office
Focuses on patient
care
Patient records
should be
accessible
hospital-wide to
clinical
departments
Time may be
critical
Back Office
Performs
administrative
functions
Some information is
specific to the
individual
department
Often is not very
time-dependent
12
HIS Components
Patient management and billing
Care delivery and clinical documentation
Clinical decision support
Department management
Financial and resource management
Vogel, LH, Perreault, LE., Management of Information in
Healthcare Organizations. In: Shortliffe, E, Cimino J, eds:
Biomedical informatics: Computer Applications in Health Care
and Biomedicine. Third Edition. New York, NY: Springer; 2006.
Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version
2.0/Spring 2011
HIS Components
Patient management and billing
Care delivery and clinical documentation
Clinical decision support
Department management
Financial and resource management
Vogel, LH, Perreault, LE., Management of Information in
Healthcare Organizations. In: Shortliffe, E, Cimino J, eds:
Biomedical informatics: Computer Applications in Health Care
and Biomedicine. Third Edition. New York, NY: Springer; 2006.
Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version
2.0/Spring 2011
13
Patient Management and Billing
Systems that support patient
management functions
Example
Patient identification
Supporting technology
Master patient index
Houses centralized database
Patient financial, demographic, registration and
location data
Vogel, LH, Perreault, LE., Management of Information in Healthcare Organizations. In:
Shortliffe, E, Cimino J, eds: Biomedical informatics: Computer Applications in Health
Care and Biomedicine. Third Edition. New York, NY: Springer; 2006.
Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version
2.0/Spring 2011
Patient Management and Billing
Systems that support patient
management functions
Example
Patient identification
Supporting technology
Master patient index
Houses centralized database
Patient financial, demographic, registration and
location data
Vogel, LH, Perreault, LE., Management of Information in Healthcare Organizations. In:
Shortliffe, E, Cimino J, eds: Biomedical informatics: Computer Applications in Health
Care and Biomedicine. Third Edition. New York, NY: Springer; 2006.
Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version
2.0/Spring 2011
14
Care Delivery and Clinical
Documentation
Systems that support the delivery of the care and
documentation of that care
Example
Clinical information systems, EHRs
Supporting technology
Electronic clinical order entry and results reporting
Houses centralized database
Patient clinical data
Vogel, LH, Perreault, LE., Management of Information in Healthcare Organizations. In:
Shortliffe, E, Cimino J, eds: Biomedical info rmatics: Computer Applications in Health
Care and Biomedicine. Third Edition. New York, NY: Springer; 2006.
Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version
2.0/Spring 2011
Care Delivery and Clinical
Documentation
Systems that support the delivery of the care and
documentation of that care
Example
Clinical information systems, EHRs
Supporting technology
Electronic clinical order entry and results reporting
Houses centralized database
Patient clinical data
Vogel, LH, Perreault, LE., Management of Information in Healthcare Organizations. In:
Shortliffe, E, Cimino J, eds: Biomedical info rmatics: Computer Applications in Health
Care and Biomedicine. Third Edition. New York, NY: Springer; 2006.
Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version
2.0/Spring 2011
15
Clinical Decision Support
Systems that support the clinical staff with
data interpretation and decision-making
Example
Medication Administration System
Supporting technology
Bar-code medication administration (BCMA)
Accesses patient and other databases
Vogel, LH, Perreault, LE., Management of Information in Healthcare Organizations. In:
Shortliffe, E, Cimino J, eds: Biomedical informatics: Computer Applications in Health
Care and Biomedicine. Third Edition. New York, NY: Springer; 2006
Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version
2.0/Spring 2011
Clinical Decision Support
Systems that support the clinical staff with
data interpretation and decision-making
Example
Medication Administration System
Supporting technology
Bar-code medication administration (BCMA)
Accesses patient and other databases
Vogel, LH, Perreault, LE., Management of Information in Healthcare Organizations. In:
Shortliffe, E, Cimino J, eds: Biomedical informatics: Computer Applications in Health
Care and Biomedicine. Third Edition. New York, NY: Springer; 2006
Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version
2.0/Spring 2011
16
Financial and Resource
Management
Systems that support business
functions
Example
Accounts Payable System
Supporting technology
Claims administration
Houses centralized database
Financial and employee data
Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version
2.0/Spring 2011
Financial and Resource
Management
Systems that support business
functions
Example
Accounts Payable System
Supporting technology
Claims administration
Houses centralized database
Financial and employee data
Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version
2.0/Spring 2011
17
4 Ways IT Can Help Health Care
• Business
Intelligence
• Data Mining/
Utilization
•MIS
• Research
Informatics
•E-learning
•CDSS
•HIE
•CPOE
•PACS
•EHRs
Enterprise
Resource
Planning
(ERP)
•Finance
•Materials
•HR
•ADT
•HIS
•LIS
•RIS
Strategic
Operational
Clinical Administrative
Position may vary based on local context
4 Ways IT Can Help Health Care
• Business
Intelligence
• Data Mining/
Utilization
•MIS
• Research
Informatics
•E-learning
•CDSS
•HIE
•CPOE
•PACS
•EHRs
Enterprise
Resource
Planning
(ERP)
•Finance
•Materials
•HR
•ADT
•HIS
•LIS
•RIS
Strategic
Operational
Clinical Administrative
Position may vary based on local context
18
Department Management
Systems that support a department’s information
needs
Example
Health Information Management Department systems
Supporting technology
Electronic Document Management Systems
Supplies data to patient databases
Vogel, LH, Perreault, LE., Management of Information in Healthcare
Organizations. In: Shortliffe, E, Cimino J, eds: Bi omedical informatics: Computer
Applications in Health Care and Biomedicine. Third Edition. New York, NY:
Springer; 2006.
Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version
2.0/Spring 2011
Department Management
Systems that support a department’s information
needs
Example
Health Information Management Department systems
Supporting technology
Electronic Document Management Systems
Supplies data to patient databases
Vogel, LH, Perreault, LE., Management of Information in Healthcare
Organizations. In: Shortliffe, E, Cimino J, eds: Bi omedical informatics: Computer
Applications in Health Care and Biomedicine. Third Edition. New York, NY:
Springer; 2006.
Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version
2.0/Spring 2011
19
Departmental information system
Supports specific needs of each
department
Often designed to fit best with each
department’s unique workflows &
circumstances
Usually a small system used by a few users
of one or two small departments
Departmental information system
Supports specific needs of each
department
Often designed to fit best with each
department’s unique workflows &
circumstances
Usually a small system used by a few users
of one or two small departments
20
Class Exercise 3
What are some issues you can think of
when developing an information system
for a specific department
Class Exercise 3
What are some issues you can think of
when developing an information system
for a specific department
21
Issues of Departmental IS
Data integration (data sharing)
Silos of information
Process (workflow) integration
In other words, standardization vs.
customization
Implementation strategies (build or buy)
Sustainability & system maintenance
Issues of Departmental IS
Data integration (data sharing)
Silos of information
Process (workflow) integration
In other words, standardization vs.
customization
Implementation strategies (build or buy)
Sustainability & system maintenance
22
Integration
Arrangement of an organization’s
information systems
Efficient and effective communication
Bring together related parts into a single
system
Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version
2.0/Spring 2011
Integration
Arrangement of an organization’s
information systems
Efficient and effective communication
Bring together related parts into a single
system
Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version
2.0/Spring 2011
23
Application Integration
Patient management and billing
Patient tracking
Department management
Electronic document management
Care delivery and clinical documentation
Order entry and results reporting
Vogel, LH, Perreault, LE., Management of Information in Healthcare Organizations.
In: Shortliffe, E, Cimino J, eds: Biomedical informatics: Computer Applications
in Health Care and Biomedicine. Third Edition. New York, NY: Springer; 2006.
Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version
2.0/Spring 2011
Application Integration
Patient management and billing
Patient tracking
Department management
Electronic document management
Care delivery and clinical documentation
Order entry and results reporting
Vogel, LH, Perreault, LE., Management of Information in Healthcare Organizations.
In: Shortliffe, E, Cimino J, eds: Biomedical informatics: Computer Applications
in Health Care and Biomedicine. Third Edition. New York, NY: Springer; 2006.
Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version
2.0/Spring 2011
24
Application Integration
Clinical decision support
Computer-based physician order-entry
Financial and resource management
Provider profiling
Vogel, LH, Perreault, LE., Management of Information in Healthcare
Organizations. In: Shortliffe, E, Cimino J, eds: Biomedical informatics:
Computer Applications in Health Care and Biomedicine. Third Edition.
New York, NY: Springer; 2006.
Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version
2.0/Spring 2011
Application Integration
Clinical decision support
Computer-based physician order-entry
Financial and resource management
Provider profiling
Vogel, LH, Perreault, LE., Management of Information in Healthcare
Organizations. In: Shortliffe, E, Cimino J, eds: Biomedical informatics:
Computer Applications in Health Care and Biomedicine. Third Edition.
New York, NY: Springer; 2006.
Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version
2.0/Spring 2011
25
Systems Integration Strategies
Data preservation
Separate information management plan
components for
Data management
Applications and business logic
User interface
Vogel, LH, Perreault, LE., Management of Information in Healthcare
Organizations. In: Shortliffe, E, Cimino J, eds: Biomedical informatics:
Computer Applications in Health Care and Biomedicine. Third
Edition. New York, NY: Springer; 2006.
Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version
2.0/Spring 2011
Systems Integration Strategies
Data preservation
Separate information management plan
components for
Data management
Applications and business logic
User interface
Vogel, LH, Perreault, LE., Management of Information in Healthcare
Organizations. In: Shortliffe, E, Cimino J, eds: Biomedical informatics:
Computer Applications in Health Care and Biomedicine. Third
Edition. New York, NY: Springer; 2006.
Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version
2.0/Spring 2011
26
Key Components of Enterprise
Integration
Master person index
Single sign-on
Context management
Common code sets
Data warehouse
Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version
2.0/Spring 2011
Key Components of Enterprise
Integration
Master person index
Single sign-on
Context management
Common code sets
Data warehouse
Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version
2.0/Spring 2011
27
Critical Integration Elements
Information is available when and where it is
needed
Users must have an integrated view
Data must have a consistent interpretation
Adequate security must be in place
Vogel, LH, Perreault, LE., Management of Information in Healthcare Organizations.
In: Shortliffe, E, Cimino J, eds: Biomedical informatics: Computer Applications in
Health Care and Biomedicine. Third Edition. New York, NY: Springer; 2006.
Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version
2.0/Spring 2011
Critical Integration Elements
Information is available when and where it is
needed
Users must have an integrated view
Data must have a consistent interpretation
Adequate security must be in place
Vogel, LH, Perreault, LE., Management of Information in Healthcare Organizations.
In: Shortliffe, E, Cimino J, eds: Biomedical informatics: Computer Applications in
Health Care and Biomedicine. Third Edition. New York, NY: Springer; 2006.
Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version
2.0/Spring 2011
28
Data and Process Integration
Data integration
Interface engine
Process integration
Operational workflow
Human organizational systems
Vogel, LH, Perreault, LE., Management of Information in Healthcare
Organizations. In: Shortliffe, E, Cimino J, eds: Biomedical informatics:
Computer Applications in Health Care and Biomedicine. Third
Edition. New York, NY: Springer; 2006.
Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version
2.0/Spring 2011
Data and Process Integration
Data integration
Interface engine
Process integration
Operational workflow
Human organizational systems
Vogel, LH, Perreault, LE., Management of Information in Healthcare
Organizations. In: Shortliffe, E, Cimino J, eds: Biomedical informatics:
Computer Applications in Health Care and Biomedicine. Third
Edition. New York, NY: Springer; 2006.
Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version
2.0/Spring 2011
29
Interface Engine
Translates and formats data for exchange
Controls data flows between applications
Central connecting point for all interfaces
Vogel, LH, Perreault, LE., Management of Information in Healthcare Organizations.
In: Shortliffe, E, Cimino J, eds: Biomedical informatics: Computer Applications
in Health Care and Biomedicine. Third Edition. New York, NY: Springer; 2006.
Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version
2.0/Spring 2011
Interface Engine
Translates and formats data for exchange
Controls data flows between applications
Central connecting point for all interfaces
Vogel, LH, Perreault, LE., Management of Information in Healthcare Organizations.
In: Shortliffe, E, Cimino J, eds: Biomedical informatics: Computer Applications
in Health Care and Biomedicine. Third Edition. New York, NY: Springer; 2006.
Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version
2.0/Spring 2011
30
HL7 Messaging Standard
Health Level Seven (HL7)
Message standard
Supports clinical practice
Move data in standard
formats
Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version
2.0/Spring 2011
HL7 Messaging Standard
Health Level Seven (HL7)
Message standard
Supports clinical practice
Move data in standard
formats
Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version
2.0/Spring 2011
31
From Islands of Information to
Meaningful Use
Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version
2.0/Spring 2011
From Islands of Information to
Meaningful Use
Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version
2.0/Spring 2011
32
System Acquisition Decisions
for Departmental Information
Systems
Build (in-house development)
Buy (outsourcing)
Combination (e.g. buy then maintain/customize
in house)
System Acquisition Decisions
for Departmental Information
Systems
Build (in-house development)
Buy (outsourcing)
Combination (e.g. buy then maintain/customize
in house)
33
Build or Buy
Build/Homegrown
Full control of software &
data
Requires local expertise
Expertise
retention/knowledge
management is vital
Maybe cost-effective if
high degree of local
customizations or long-
term projection
Buy/Outsource
Less control of software
& data
Requires vendor
competence
Vendor relationship
management is vital
Maybe cost-effective
if economies of scale
Build or Buy
Build/Homegrown
Full control of software &
data
Requires local expertise
Expertise
retention/knowledge
management is vital
Maybe cost-effective if
high degree of local
customizations or long-
term projection
Buy/Outsource
Less control of software
& data
Requires vendor
competence
Vendor relationship
management is vital
Maybe cost-effective
if economies of scale
34
Build or Buy
No universal right or wrong answer
Depends on local contexts
Strategic positioning
Internal IT capability
Existing environments
Level of complexity/customization needed
Market factors: market maturity, vendor choices,
competence, willingness to customize/learn
Pricing arrangements
Purchasing power
Sustainability
Build or Buy
No universal right or wrong answer
Depends on local contexts
Strategic positioning
Internal IT capability
Existing environments
Level of complexity/customization needed
Market factors: market maturity, vendor choices,
competence, willingness to customize/learn
Pricing arrangements
Purchasing power
Sustainability
35
Management Information
Systems (MIS)
Provides information needed to manage an
organization (e.g. a hospital) effectively and
efficiently
A broad category of information systems
Administrative reports
Enterprise resource planning (ERP)
Supply Chain Management (SCM)
Customer Relationship Management (CRM)
Project management tools
Knowledge management tools
Business intelligence (BI)
Management Information
Systems (MIS)
Provides information needed to manage an
organization (e.g. a hospital) effectively and
efficiently
A broad category of information systems
Administrative reports
Enterprise resource planning (ERP)
Supply Chain Management (SCM)
Customer Relationship Management (CRM)
Project management tools
Knowledge management tools
Business intelligence (BI)
36
Business Intelligence
Applications
Allows for
Data analysis
Correlation
Trending
Reporting of data across multiple sources
Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version
2.0/Spring 2011
Business Intelligence
Applications
Allows for
Data analysis
Correlation
Trending
Reporting of data across multiple sources
Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version
2.0/Spring 2011
37
Business Intelligence
Applications
Examples
Clinical and Financial Analytics and Decision
Support
Query and Reporting Tools
Data Mining
Online Scoreboards and Dashboards
Business Intelligence & Data Warehousing for Healthcare. Clinical Informatics
Wiki. 2008. Available from: http://www.informatics-
review.com/wiki/index.php/Business_Intelligence_&_Data_Warehousing_f
or_Healthcare
Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version
2.0/Spring 2011
Business Intelligence
Applications
Examples
Clinical and Financial Analytics and Decision
Support
Query and Reporting Tools
Data Mining
Online Scoreboards and Dashboards
Business Intelligence & Data Warehousing for Healthcare. Clinical Informatics
Wiki. 2008. Available from: http://www.informatics-
review.com/wiki/index.php/Business_Intelligence_&_Data_Warehousing_f
or_Healthcare
Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version
2.0/Spring 2011
38
Summary
Various departments and their information
needs in hospitals/healthcare organizations
Applications that need to be integrated in
health care information systems
Strategies to ensure integration of front-end
clinical data collection and back-end billing
functions
Critical integration elements
Information systems for organizational
management (MIS)
Data analysis and trending (BI)
Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version
2.0/Spring 2011
Summary
Various departments and their information
needs in hospitals/healthcare organizations
Applications that need to be integrated in
health care information systems
Strategies to ensure integration of front-end
clinical data collection and back-end billing
functions
Critical integration elements
Information systems for organizational
management (MIS)
Data analysis and trending (BI)
Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version
2.0/Spring 2011
39
References
Vogel, LH, Perreault, LE., Management of
Information in Healthcare Organizations.
In: Shortliffe, E, Cimino J, eds: Biomedical
informatics: Computer Applications in
Health Care and Biomedicine. Third
Edition. New York, NY: Springer; 2006.
Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version
2.0/Spring 2011
References
Vogel, LH, Perreault, LE., Management of
Information in Healthcare Organizations.
In: Shortliffe, E, Cimino J, eds: Biomedical
informatics: Computer Applications in
Health Care and Biomedicine. Third
Edition. New York, NY: Springer; 2006.
Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version
2.0/Spring 2011
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