Derivatives of Cellulose

Pharmacognosy

1. DERIVATIVES OF CELLULOSE Presented by Nasrin Sultana Jarin Roll no-1075 Registration no-1078 Session: January-2018 Department of pharmacy University of Science & Technology Chittagong (USTC)

2. CONTENT DEFINITION OF CELLULOSE DERIVATIVES OF CELLULOSE Methyl cellulose Ethyl cellulose Hydroxy ethyl cellulose Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose Cellulose acetate Cellulose acetate phthalate Cellulose acetate butyrate USES OF DERIVATIVES OF CELLULOSE CONCLUSION

3. CELLULOSE Cellulose is an insoluble substance which is the main constituent of plant cell walls and of vegetable fibers such as cotton. Cellulose is a natural long chain polymer that plays an important role in human food cycle indirectly. Cellulose is extensively used in pharmaceutical industries as excipient and cosmetic product. REF: Tyler VE ,Brady LR, Robbers JE. Pharmacognosy . 9 th edi . India : Wolters Kluwer ; 2011. P.43

4. METHYL CELLULOSE (MC) Methyl cellulose is a methyl ether of cellulose containing not less than 27.5% and not more than 31.5% of methyl groups. USES: It is used as thickener and emulsifier. Solution containing methyl cellulose are used substitute for tears or contact lens solution. It is used in the treatment of constipation. REF: Tyler VE, Brady LR, Robbers JE. Pharmacognosy. 9 th edi. India: Wolters Kluwer ; 2011.P. 44.

5. ETHYL CELLULOSE (EC) Ethyl cellulose is a derivatives of cellulose in which some of hydroxyl groups on the repeating glucose units are converted into ethyl ether groups. USES: It is mainly used as a thin-film coating material for coating paper, vitamin and medical pills. It is also used as a food additive and as an emulsifier. REF: Tyler VE , Brady LR , Robbers JE. Pharmacognosy. 9 th edi . India : Wolters Kluwer ; 2011. P 44 .

6. HYDROXY ETHYL CELLULOSE (HEC) Hydroxy ethyl cellulose is a hydroxyethyl ether of cellulose . It is a gelling and thickening agent derived from cellulose. USES: It is used in cosmetics, cleaning solutions. It is frequently used with hydrophobic drugs in capsule formulations. It is also used as an ingredient in some formulations for artificial tears. REF: Tyler VE, Brady LR, Robbers JE. Pharmacognosy . 9 th edi . India : Wolters Kluwer; 2011. p.44.

7. HYDROXY PROPYL METHYL CELLULOSE (HPMC) Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose is the propylene glycol ether of methyl cellulose in which both hydroxypropyl and methyl groups are attached to the anhydro glucose rings of cellulose by ether linkages. It occurs as a white,fibrous or granular powder. USES: It is used as a suspending agent, a thickening agent and a tablet excipient. REF: Tyler VE, Brady LR, Robbers JE. Pharmacognosy. 9 th edi .India : Wolters Kluwer ; 2011. p.45

8. CELLULOSE ACETATE(CA) REF: Puls , Juergen; Wilson, Steven A.; Hölter , Dirk (2011). "Degradation of Cellulose Acetate-Based Materials: A Review".  Journal of Polymers and the Environment .  19  (1): 152–165.  doi : 10.1007/s10924-010-0258-0 Cellulose acetate, synthetic compound derived from the acetylation of the plant substance cellulose. It is the acetate ester of cellulose It was first prepared in 1865. USES : It is used as a film base in photography. It is used as a component in some coatings.

9. CELLULOSE ACETATE PATHALATE (CAP) It is a reaction product of phthalic anhydride and a partial acetate ester of cellulose. It is free flowing, white powder. USES: It is commonly used polymer phthalate in the formulation of pharmaceutical such as enteric coating of tablets and capsules. Various forms of phthalate are also used as tablet coating agents. REF: Taylor VE, Brady LR, Robbers JE . Pharmacognosy . 9 th edi .India: Wolters Kluwer; 2011.P.45

10. CELLULOSE ACETATE BUTYRATE (CAB) Cellulose acetate butyrate is a cellulose ester with medium butyryl content and low viscosity. It is supplied as a dry, free- flowing powder. USES: It is mainly used as coatings. It is used in consumer electronics, industries electronics and graphical arts. REF: Tyler VE, Brady LR, Robbers JE. Pharmacognosy .9 th edi. India: Wolters kluwer;2011. P.45.

11. CONCLUSION In pharmaceutical industries, cellulose derivatives have been applied in very diverse fields such as: bioadhesive and mucoadhesive drug delivery systems. general coating processes. extended release dosage forms. osmotic drug delivery systems. enteric coated solid dosage forms. In human cellulose does not digestable due to lake of enzyme.