Desaster Management & prepardness , respons .pdf

about the disaster Management

1. Subject Code : 3160622
Semester –VI
Unit -4

2. Disaster Management in INDIA
•TheDisaster,naturalorman-madecandestroylivesandpropertieson
averylargescale,oftenpushingnations,inquestforprogress,backby
severaldecades.
•TheDisaster,naturalorman-madecandestroylivesandpropertieson
averylargescale,oftenpushingnations,inquestforprogress,backby
severaldecades

3. Paradigm Shift in Disaster Management
•TheDisaster,naturalorman-madecandestroylivesandpropertieson
averylargescale,oftenpushingnations,inquestforprogress,backby
severaldecades.
•TheDisaster,naturalorman-madecandestroylivesandpropertieson
averylargescale,oftenpushingnations,inquestforprogress,backby
severaldecades.

4. Objectives
•Mitigationorreductionofriskofanydisasteroritsseverityor
consequences.
•Capacitybuildingincludingresearchandknowledgemanagement.
•Preparednesstodealwithanydisaster.
•Promptresponsetoanythreateningdisastersituationordisaster.
•Assessingtheseverityormagnitudeofeffectsofanydisaster.
•Evacuation,rescueandrelief.Rehabilitationandreconstruction.

5. Approach
•CommunitybasedDM,includinglastmileintegrationofthepolicy,
plansandexecution.
•Capacitydevelopmentinallspheres.
•Consolidationofpastinitiativesandbestpractices.
•Cooperationwithagenciesatnationalandinternationallevels.
•Multi-sectoralsynergy.

6. National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA)
•TheNDMA,astheapexbodyfordisastermanagement,isheadedbythe
PrimeMinisterandhastheresponsibilityforlayingdownpolicies,plansand
guidelinesforDM.
•TheguidelineswillassisttheCentralMinistries,DepartmentsandStatesto
formulatetheirrespectiveDMplans.
•ItwillapprovetheNationalDisasterManagementandDMplansofthe
CentralMinistries/Departments

7. •Centralministries/departmentsandStateGovernmentswillextend
necessarycooperationandassistancetoNDMAforcarryingoutits
mandate.
•Thegeneralsuperintendence,directionandcontrolofNational
DisasterResponseForce(NDRF)arevestedinandwillbeexercised
bytheNDMA.
•TheNationalInstituteofDisasterManagement(NIDM)workswithin
theframeworkofbradpoliciesandguidelineslaiddownbyNDMA.

8. National Executive Committee (NEC)
•TheNEC,comprisestheUnionHomeSecretaryastheChairperson,andthe
SecretariestotheGOIintheMinistries/DepartmentsofAgriculture,
AtomicEnergy,Defense,DrinkingWatersupply,EnvironmentandForests,
Finance,Health,Power,RuralDevelopment,ScienceandTechnology,
Space,Telecommunications,UrbanDevelopment,WaterResourcesandthe
ChiefoftheIntegratedDefenseStaffasmembers.
•NDMAwillbespecialinviteestothemeetingsoftheNEC.

9. •TheNECistheexecutivecommitteeoftheNDMA,andismandated
toassisttheNDMAinthedischargeofitsfunctionsandalsoensure
compliancesofthedirectionsissuedbytheCentralGovernment.
•NECistocoordinatetheresponseintheeventofanythreatening
disastersituationordisaster.
•NECwillpreparetheNationalPlanforDisasterManagementbasedon
theNationalPolicyonDisasterManagement.

10. At State Level
•Atthestatelevel,SDMA,headedbytheChiefMinister,willlaydown
policiesandplansforDMinthestate.
•Itwill,interaliaapprovetheStatePlaninaccordancewiththe
guidelineslaiddownbytheNDMA.
•TheStateGovernmentshallconstituteaStateExecutiveCommittee
(SEC)toassisttheSDMAintheperformanceofitsfunctions.

11. At District Level
•TheDDMAwillbeheadedbytheDistrictCollector,Deputy
CommissionerorDistrictMagistrateasthecasemaybe,withthe
electedrepresentativeofthelocalauthorityastheCo-Chairperson.
•DDMAwillactastheplanning,coordinatingandimplementingbody
forDMatdistrictlevel

12. National Disaster Organizations
❖NationalInstituteofDisasterManagement(NIDM)
▪TheNIDM,inpartnershipwithotherresearchinstitutionshascapacitydevelopmentasone
ofitsmajorresponsibilities,alongwithtraining,research,documentationanddevelopment
ofanationallevelinformationbase.
▪Itwillnetworkwithotherknowledge-basedinstitutions,andfunctionwithinthebroad
policiesandguidelineslaiddownbytheNDMA.
▪Itwillorganizetrainingoftrainers,DMofficialsandotherstakeholders.
▪TheNIDMwillstrivetoemergeasa‘CentreofExcellence’inthefieldofDisaster
Management.

13. National Disaster Response Force (NDRF)
•Forthepurposeofspecializedresponsetoathreateningdisastersituationor
disasters/emergenciesbothnaturalandman-madesuchasthoseofChemical,
Biological,RadiologicalandNuclearorigin,theActhasmandatedtheconstitutionofa
NationalDisasterResponseForce(NDRF).
•Thegeneralsuperintendence,directionandcontrolofthisforceshallbevestedinand
exercisedbytheNDMAandthecommandandsupervisionoftheForceshallvestinan
officertobeappointedbytheCentralGovernmentastheDirectorGeneralofCivil
DefenseandNationalDisasterResponseForce.
•Presently,theNDRFcompriseseightbattalions.

14. Armed Force (AF)
•Conceptually,theArmedForcesarecalledupontoassisttheciviladministrationonlywhenthe
situationisbeyondtheircopingcapability.
•Inpractice,however,thearmedforcesformanimportantpartoftheGovernment’sresponse
capacityandareimmediaterespondersinallseriousdisastersituations.
•Onaccountoftheirvastpotentialtomeetanyadversechallenge,speedofoperationalresponseand
theresourcesandcapabilitiesattheirdisposal,thearmedforceshavehistoricallyplayedamajor
roleinemergencysupportfunctions.
•Theseincludecommunication,searchandrescueoperations,healthandmedicalfacilities,and
transportation,especiallyintheimmediateaftermathofadisaster.
•Atthestateanddistrictlevel,thelocalrepresentativesofthearmedforcesmaybeincludedintheir
executivecommitteestoensureclosercoordinationandcohesion.

15. The Central Paramilitary Forces
•TheyarealsothearmedforcesoftheUnion,playakeyroleatthetimeof
immediateresponsetodisasters.
•BesidescontributingtotheNDRF,theywilldevelopadequatedisaster
managementcapabilitywithintheirownforcesandrespondtodisasters
whichmayoccurintheareaswheretheyareposted.

16. The State Police Forces and Fire Services
•Theyarecrucialimmediateresponderstodisasters.
•Thepoliceforcewillbetrainedandthefireservicesupgradedtoacquire
multi-hazardrescuecapability.

17. Civil Defence and Home Guards
•Themandateofthecivildefenceandhomeguardswillberedefinedto
assignaneffectiveroleinthefieldofdisastermanagement.
•Theywillbedeployedforcommunitypreparednessandpublic
awareness.
•Acultureofvoluntaryreportingtodutystationsintheeventofany
disasterswillbepromoted.

18. State Disaster Response Force (SDRF)
•Eachstatemayaimatequippingandtrainingonebattalionequivalent
force.
•Theywillalsoincludewomenmembersforlookingaftertheneedsof
womenandchildren.
•NDRFbattalionsandtheirtraininginstitutionswillassistthe
States/UTsinthiseffort.

19. National Crisis Management Committee
•TheNCMC,comprisinghighlevelofficialsoftheGovernmentof
India,headedbytheCabinetSecretary,willcontinuetodealwith
majorcrisiswhichhaveseriousornationalramifications.
•ItwillbesupportedbytheCrisisManagementGroups(CMG)ofthe
CentralnodalMinistriesandassistedbyNECasmaybenecessary.
•TheSecretary,NDMAmaybeamemberofthiscommittee.

20. Disaster Profile in INDIA
•Map-1 Earthquake Zones in
INDIA

21. •Map-2 Flood Zones in INDIA

22. •Map-3 Wind and Cyclone
Zones in INDIA

23. •Map-4 Landslide
Zones in INDIA

24. Major Disasters in INDIA
•1770 –Great Bengal Famine (Drought)
•TheGreatBengalFaminewasalarge
famineinBengalduringtheBritishrule
intheperiodof1769–1773.Bengal
faminewascausedthedeathsof10
millionpeopleinBengal,Biharand
somepartsofOdisha.

25. •1839 –Coringa Cyclone (Cyclone)
•TheCoringaCyclonewasoneofthe10
bigdisastersthatshookIndia,struckata
tinyvillageofGodavaridistrictin
AndhraPradesh.TheGreatCoringa
Cyclonekilledaround20000peoplein
theancientcityofCoringa.

26. •1894 –Third Plague Pandemic
(Epidemic)
•Themajorplaguepandemic
cametoBritishIndiain1896,
killingmorethan12million
peopleinIndiaandChinaalone.

27. •1979 –Lahaul Valley Avalanche
(Avalanche)
•LahaulSpitivalleyreceivesheavy
snowfallduringthewinterseason,causes
Avalanches.ThisdisasterinMarchof
1979buried200peopleunder20feetof
snow,theonlyavalancheinthe
Himalayasandoneofthe10deadliest
AvalanchesinHistoryofworld.

28. •1984 –Bhopal Gas Tragedy (Chemical –
Gas leakage)
•Almost40tonsofdeadlymethyl
isocyanate(MIC)gas,leakedfroma
Union CarbideIndiaLtd.
Manufacturingplantsituatedinthe
middleofBhopal,acityincentral
India,andthecapitalofMadhya
Pradeshstate.

29. •1998 –Mapla Landslide (Landslide)
•Maplalandslidewasoneoftheworst
landslidesinIndia,atvillageMapla
inPithoragarhofUttarakhand.
Around380peoplewerekilledwhen
massivelandslideswashedtheentire
villagealongwithHindupilgrimsof
KailashMansrovaryatra.

30. •2001 –Gujarat Earthquake
(Earthquake)
•Themassiveearthquakeoccurredon
India’s51stRepublicDayon
January26,2001atBhachautaluka
ofKutchdistrictofGujarat.Gujarat
earthquakehadamagnitudeof
between7.6and7.7andkilled
around20000people.

31. •2004 –Indian Ocean Tsunami
(Tsunami)
•TheIndianOceanearthquakeand
Tsunamioccurredin2004atthewest
coastofSumatra,killingover230000
peopleinfourteencountries.Indian
OceanTsunamiwasoneofthe
deadliestnaturaldisastersinhistory
ofIndia.

32. •2007 –Bihar Flood (Flood)
•The2007–2008Biharfloodarelisted
astheworsthitfloodintheliving
memoryofBiharinlast30years.Bihar
isIndia’smostflood-proneState,a
recurringdisasterappearsannualbasis
anddestroysthousandsofhumanlives
apartfromlivestockandassetsworth
millions.

33. •2013 –Landslide and Flood in Uttarakhand at Kedarnath (Landslide and
Flood)
•Itisbelievedthatamassivelandslideoccurredupstreaminthenorth-east
regionoftheKedarvalley.
•Heavyrainfalloccurredatthesametimeformedasmalllakeinthenorth-
westofthevalley.
•Themaindayoffloodissaidtobeon16June,2013.Accordingtofigures
providedbytheUttarakhandgovernment,morethan5700peoplewere
presumeddead.

34. Lessons Learnt from Previous Disasters

35. Drought
•India’spopulationatthetimeofindependencewasabout350million.
•Withrapidincreaseinthepopulationandheavydependencyonerraticrain,
Indianfarmersarevulnerabletodroughtsituation.
•Itwashighlyrecommendedbycivilengineersandtechnocratstodevelop
irrigationsystemandnetworktoavoidmajorcatastrophicdrought.
•ForGujaratNarmada’sSardarSarovarYojanaistheexamplewhichis
consideredaslifelineofGujarat.
•AlsoeffortshavebeenmadeinAgriculturalresearch,developingnewseeds
andtechniquestogetmaximumcrop.

36. Flood
•Indianriversmostofthemoverfloodduringmonsooncausingmassive
damagetolivesandproperty.
•Indianmonsoonisveryerraticandduetoglobalfactorsitisaffectedeasily.
•Indiahasdevelopedfloodcontrolmanagementonmajorrivers.
•Theearlywarningsystemalsohelpsinevacuationandreliefoperations
minimizinglossoflife.
•Nationalfloodwarningsystemprovideswarningsupto10daysaheadto
millionsofvillagers.

37. Cyclone
•MajorvulnerableareaarecoastalareaslikeAndhraPradesh,Odisha,
Gujarat,TamilNadu,Keralaetc.
•Theearlywarningsystemandmonitoringofprogressofcyclonebysatellite
hashelpedalottominimizethedamage.
•TherecentcycloneofOdishaistheexamplewherethousandsoflivescould
besavedagainstseverecyclone‘HUDHUD’.

38. Earthquake
•Mostdangerousandunpredictablenaturaldisasterofall.
•Indiaispronetoearthquakehitsatperiodictime.
•TheHimalayanplatecausingmajorearthquakesinNorthernpartsof
Indiahascrossedmagnitude7sometimes.