Desigualdad.doc.2024.mmmddddfffffffffffff

trata de la desigualdad

1. Desigualdad

2. Igualdad Según el Sage Dictionary of Sociology (2006) Igualdad se define como “is the state of being equal or the same. The difficulties come when we consider how similar and in what ” (p. 90)

3. Desigualdad Según la Unidad de Development Strategy and Policy Analysis de las Naciones Unidas (2015) Por lo tanto, desIgualdad se define como “…the state of not being equal, especially in status , rights , and opportunities 1 —is a concept very much at the heart of social justice theories” (p.1)

4. Desigualdad Autor: Pawel Kuczynski

5. Desigualdad Autor: Pawel Kuczynski

6. Desigualdad Autor: Pawel Kuczynski

7. Desigualdad económica Según la Unidad de Development Strategy and Policy Analysis de las Naciones Unidas (2015) “ Inequality of outcomes occurs when individuals do not possess the same level of material wealth or overall living economic conditions . Development theory has largely been concerned with inequalities in standards of living , such as inequalities in income/wealth , education, health, and nutrition. However, the lens through which economists gauge progress in these fronts has typically been income or consumption.” (p.1)

8. Desigualdad económica Según la Unidad de Development Strategy and Policy Analysis de las Naciones Unidas (2015) “ Inequality of outcomes occurs when individuals do not possess the same level of material wealth or overall living economic conditions . Development theory has largely been concerned with inequalities in standards of living , such as inequalities in income/wealth, education , health, and nutrition. However, the lens through which economists gauge progress in these fronts has typically been income or consumption.” (p.1)

9. Desigualdad económica Según la Unidad de Development Strategy and Policy Analysis de las Naciones Unidas (2015) “ Inequality of outcomes occurs when individuals do not possess the same level of material wealth or overall living economic conditions . Development theory has largely been concerned with inequalities in standards of living , such as inequalities in income/wealth, education, health , and nutrition. However, the lens through which economists gauge progress in these fronts has typically been income or consumption.” (p.1)

10. Desigualdad económica Según la Unidad de Development Strategy and Policy Analysis de las Naciones Unidas (2015) “ Inequality of outcomes occurs when individuals do not possess the same level of material wealth or overall living economic conditions . Development theory has largely been concerned with inequalities in standards of living , such as inequalities in income/wealth, education, health, and nutrition . However, the lens through which economists gauge progress in these fronts has typically been income or consumption.” (p.1)

11. Desigualdad económica Según la Unidad de Development Strategy and Policy Analysis de las Naciones Unidas (2015) “ Inequality of outcomes occurs when individuals do not possess the same level of material wealth or overall living economic conditions . Development theory has largely been concerned with inequalities in standards of living , such as inequalities in income/wealth, education, health, and nutrition . However, the lens through which economists gauge progress in these fronts has typically been income or consumption .” (p.1)

12. ENFOQUE DE LAS CAPACIDADES Según la Unidad de Development Strategy and Policy Analysis de las Naciones Unidas (2015) In the late 1970s, Amartya Sen’s capability framework brought a new way of thinking about human well-being, its measurement, and inter-personal comparisons. He proposed that well-being should be defined and measured in terms of the beings and doings valued by people (functionings) (Alkire et al., 2015) and the freedom to choose and to act (capabilities). This approach emphasizes the freedom to choose one type of life rather than another. In this framework, equalizing income should not be the goal, because not all people convert income into well-being and freedom in the same way.

13. RIQUEZA VS INGRESO

14. RIQUEZA STOCK INGRESO FLUJO

15. Capital del siglo xx - Thomas piketty

16. RIQUEZA STOCK CAPITAL Inmuebles y tierras Bienes de capital (fabricas, empresas, máquinaria, etc.) Inversiones en acciones o bonos. INGRESO FLUJO iNGRESO Salario Ganancia por intereses (ahorros) Ganancia por Utilidades Transferencias

17. RIQUEZA STOCK CAPITAL Inmuebles y tierras Bienes de capital (fabricas, empresas, máquinaria, etc.) Inversiones en acciones o bonos. INGRESO FLUJO iNGRESO Salario Ganancia por intereses (ahorros) Ganancia por Utilidades Transferencias

18. cuando se mide la desigualdad…

19. RIQUEZA STOCK CAPITAL Inmuebles y tierras Bienes de capital (fabricas, empresas, máquinaria, etc.) Inversiones en acciones o bonos. INGRESO FLUJO iNGRESO Salario

20. RIQUEZA VS INGRESO

21. LIMITACIONES

22. Desigualdad económica Según Alarco, Castillo y Leiva (2019) “ El vocablo de desigualdad se ha confinado exclusivamente a la distribución personal del ingreso , aludiendo el elemento clave para explicarla es el acceso a la propiedad de los medios de producción.” (p. 15). Es decir, el capital (K).

23. Desigualdad económica Según Alarco, Castillo y Leiva (2019) Hay un grado limitado de tolerancia social a la desigualdad. Cuando este umbral es superado, la desigualdad será considerada excesiva e injusta . Además generará desorden social.

24. ALGUNOS DATOS

25. Cómo reducimos la desigualdad