Detailed_Geological_Faults_Grade7.presentation

geologic faults

1. Classifying Geological Faults Understanding Faults Based on Angle and Movement - Grade 7 Science

2. What are Faults? Faults are cracks in the Earth's crust where rocks move past each other. This movement can cause earthquakes and shape landscapes.

3. Why Do Faults Occur? The Earth's crust is made of tectonic plates. These plates move due to internal forces, creating faults when rocks break and shift.

4. Types of Faults by Angle of Fault Plane - **Normal Fault**: The hanging wall moves down. - **Reverse Fault**: The hanging wall moves up. - **Thrust Fault**: A low-angle reverse fault, common in mountain ranges.

5. Normal Fault Occurs due to tensional forces (pulling apart). Example: Basin and Range Province (USA). [Illustration to be added]

6. Reverse Fault Occurs due to compressional forces (pushing together). Example: Himalayas. [Illustration to be added]

7. Thrust Fault A special type of reverse fault with a low angle, often found in mountain-building areas. [Illustration to be added]

8. Types of Faults by Movement Direction - **Strike-Slip Faults**: Horizontal movement (left-lateral or right-lateral). - **Oblique-Slip Faults**: A combination of horizontal and vertical movement.

9. Strike-Slip Faults Movement is mainly horizontal. Example: San Andreas Fault (California, USA). [Illustration to be added]

10. Oblique-Slip Faults A mix of vertical and horizontal movement. Example: Denali Fault (Alaska, USA). [Illustration to be added]

11. How Do Faults Impact the Earth? Faults can cause: - Earthquakes - Mountain formation - Valley creation - Changes in landscapes over time.

12. Famous Faults Around the World - **San Andreas Fault** (USA) - **Great Rift Valley** (Africa) - **Himalayan Thrust Faults** (Asia) - **Anatolian Fault** (Turkey)

13. Guess the Fault Type! Look at the images (to be added) and decide: Is it a normal, reverse, or strike-slip fault?

14. Summary & Review Geological faults are classified by: - **Angle**: Normal, Reverse, Thrust - **Movement**: Strike-Slip, Oblique-Slip Understanding faults helps us predict earthquakes and study Earth's structure.

15. References & Further Reading - US Geological Survey (USGS) - National Geographic - Science textbooks on plate tectonics