Detailed Project Report on BIOFERTILIZER PRODUCTION RATE – 300 KL/YEAR

Fertilizers were welcomed with open arms, for they immediately increased the yield of crops. But their recurrent use has done an irreparable damage to the environment. Excess use of chemical fertilizers has led to the pollution and contamination of the soil, has polluted water basins, destroyed micro-organisms and friendly insects, making the crop more prone to diseases and reduced soil fertility. More and more farmers are now looking for more eco-friendly options. Bio-fertilizers have, to some extent provided an answer to the soil contamination

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ENGINEERS INDIA RESEARCH INSTITUTE
4/54, Roop Nagar, Delhi-110007 (India)
Phone: [phone]
E-mail: [email protected]
Website: www.eiriindia.org



BIOFERTILIZER PRODUCTION RATE – 300
KL/YEAR
[EIRI/EDPR/4751] J.C.: 2971US$, 2971INR

Fertilizers were welcomed with open arms, for they immediately increased the
yield of crops. But their recurrent use has done an irreparable damage to the
environment. Excess use of chemical fertilizers has led to the pollution and
contamination of the soil, has polluted water basins, destroyed micro-organisms
and friendly insects, making the crop more prone to diseases and reduced soil
fertility. More and more farmers are now looking for more eco-friendly options.
Bio-fertilizers have, to some extent provided an answer to the soil contamination.
Bio-fertilizers are eco-friendly fertilizers, which are being used to improve the
quality and fertility of the soil. Bio-fertilizers are made from biological wastes and
they do not contain any chemicals. They are beneficial to the soil, as they enrich
the soil with micro- organisms that help in producing organic nutrients, which in
turn help the soil to fight diseases. They therefore enrich the nutrient quality of
the soil. They also restore the depleted nutrients of the soil.
The main sources of bio-fertilizers are bacteria, fungi and cyanobacteria (blue-
green algae). Plants have a special relationship with bacteria and fungi. They
provide the plant with nutrition, resistance against diseases and the ability to
combat worst climatic conditions.
Bio-fertilizers are being viewed as the future of fertilizers, as they have the ability
to solve the problems of salinity of the soil, chemical-run offs from the fields. They,
therefore, ensure the well being of the nutrients present in the soil, therefore
making the soil more fertile with time.

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Bio compost: It is a kind of organic fertilizer, which is prepared from the waste of
the sugar industry. The waste is decomposed using a number of human and
plants friendly bacteria and Fungi. Bio compost consists of nitrogen, phosphate
solubilizing bacteria and plenty of useful fungi like the decomposing fungi. This
biofertilizer helps the farmers to increase soil fertility and thereby increase the
yield of the crops
Vermi Compost: It is also an organic fertilizer containing nitrogen phosphorus,
potassium, sulphur, organic carbon, sulfur, hormones, enzymes, etc. If used over
a period of time, the soil becomes extremely fertile and all the lost nutrients are
restored back to the turf and the soil remains fertile
Phospho: This is also a kind of bio-fertilizer, which releases insoluble
phosphorous in the soil, making it more fertile
Rhizo: It is a bacterial, which induces nitrogen fixing nodules on the roots of
vegetables like peas, beans, etc., thereby, playing an important role in agriculture
Azotobacter: Nitrogen plays an extremely important role in plant growth.
Azotobacter improves the quantity of atmospheric nitrogen in the soil and makes
it available to the plants. It also shields the roots from other pathogens existing in
the soil
Trichoderma: It is an eco-friendly fertilizer, which acts as a biocontrol agent and
is hyper parasitic against different pathogens in the field
Composter: A composter that breaks down all organic substances like cattle
waste, dead leaves, etc. present in the soil and thereby increase the productivity of
the soil

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CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

BIOFERTILIZERS

ADVANTAGE OF BIOFERTILIZERS OVER CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS

BIOFERTILIZERS TECHNOLOGY

DIFFERENT TYPES OF BIOFERTILIZER

RHIZOBIUM

AZOTOBACTER

AZOSPIRILLUM

CYANOBACTERIA

AZOLLA

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PHOSPHATE SOLUBILIZING MICROORGANISMS (PSM)

AM FUNGI

SILICATE SOLUBILIZING BACTERIA (SSB)

PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIA (PGPR)

LIQUID BIO FERTILIZERS

ADVANTAGES OF USING BIO-FERTILIZERS

BENEFITS AND CHARACTERISTICS OF LIQUID BIOFERTILIZER

BENEFITS

CHARACTERISTICS OF DIFFERENT LIQUID BIO-FERTILIZERS

RHIZOBIUM

QUANTITY OF BIOLOGICAL N FIXED BY LIQUID RHIZOBIUM IN DIFFERENT
CROPS

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PHYSICAL FEATURES OF LIQUID RHIZOBIUM

AZOSPIRLLIUM

PHYSICAL FEATURES OF LIQUID AZOSPIRILLUM

PRODUCTION OF GROWTH HORMONES

ROLE OF LIQUID AZOSPIRILLUM UNDER FIELD CONDITIONS

SIGN OF NONFUNCTIONING OF AZOSPIRILLUM IN THE FIELD

AZOTOBACTER

PHYSICAL FEATURES OF LIQUID AZOTOBACTER

ROLE OF LIQUID AZOTOBACTER IN TISSUE CULTURE

ROLE OF LIQUID AZOTOBACTER AS A BIO-CONTROL AGENT

ACETOBACETER

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EFFECT OF LIQUID ACETOBACTER DIAZOTROPHICUS ON SUGARCANE

DOS AND DON’TS FOR ENTREPRENEURS, DEALERS AND FARMERS

ROOT DIPPING

SOIL APPLICATION

DOSAGE OF LIQUID BIO-FERTILIZERS IN DIFFERENT CROPS

BENEFITS TO CROP

BENEFITS TO FARMER

BENEFITS TO SOIL

A COMPOSITE CULTURE

COMPOSITION:

BIO-AZO GOLD (A COMPOSIT CULTURE)

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BENEFITS TO ENVIRONMENT

CROP RANGE

THIS CAN BE APPLIED TO ANY CROP

DOSE & METHOD OF APPLICATION

TIME OF APPLICATION

USES AND APPLICATION OF BIOFERTILIZER

APPLICATION OF BIO FERTILIZERS

SEED TREATMENT

SEEDLING ROOT DIP

MAIN FIELD APPLICATION

RHIZOBIUM

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PHOSPHOBACTERIA

POINTS TO REMEMBER

BIO FERTILIZERS RECOMMENDATION (ONE PACKET - 200G)

RHIZOBIUM (ONLY SEED APPLICATION IS RECOMMENDED)

PHOSPHOBACTERIA

ADVANTAGES OF BIOFERTILIZER USE

BIOFERTILIZERS FOR SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE

MAJOR ADVANTAGES OF BIOFERTILIZERS

MARKET POSITION

MARKET POTENTIAL OF BIO FERTILIZER

GLOBAL

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DRIVERS, OPPORTUNITIES & RESTRAINTS

MARKET CONCENTRATION & CHARACTERISTICS

PRODUCT CATEGORIES INSIGHTS & TRENDS

APPLICATION INSIGHTS & TRENDS

CROP TYPE INSIGHTS & TRENDS

REGIONAL INSIGHTS & TRENDS

U.S. BIOFERTILIZERS MARKET TRENDS

ASIA PACIFIC BIOFERTILIZERS MARKET TRENDS

EUROPE BIOFERTILIZERS MARKET TRENDS

KEY BIOFERTILIZERS COMPANY INSIGHTS

KEY BIOFERTILIZERS COMPANIES:

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INDIAN MARKET

BIOFERTILIZER MANUFACTURING PROCESS

THE PROCESS INVOLVES CULTURE PREPARATION AND THEN PROCESSING.

FERMENTATION PROCESS FOR BIOFERTILIZER PRODUCTION

DETAILS FOR PRODUCTION OF BIOFERTILIZER

COMMERCIAL PRODUCTION OF BIOFERILIZER

CRITERIA FOR STRAIN SELECTION:

STEPS FOR PREPARING BIO-FERTILIZER:

(A) SEED PELLETING:

(B) INOCULANT CARRIERS:

(C) QUALITY STANDARDS FOR INOCULANTS:

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(I) MASS PRODUCTION OF CYANOBACTERIAL BIOFERTILIZERS:

THE FOLLOWING METHODS ARE USED FOR MASS CULTIVATION:

AZOLLA-ANOBAENA SYMBIOSIS: AZOLLA, A WATER FERM

AZOLLA ANABAENA

RAW MATERIAL

SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS

MANUFACTURING PROCESS STEPS OF BIO-FERTILIZER

PREPARATION OF MOTHER OR STARTER CULTURE

PREPARATION OF BROTH CULTURE

PRODUCTION OF FINAL PRODUCT IN FERMENTER

FILLING & PACKAGING:

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SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM SHOWING MULTIPLICATION STAGES OF BIOFERTILISER
MOTHER CULTURE

STEPS IN BIOFERTILIZER PRODUCTION

OUTLINES OF COMMERCIAL MANUFACTURE OF BIO-FERTILIZERS

THE MANUFACTURING PROCESS IN SHORT INVOLVES

THE STEPS INVOLVED ARE AS FOLLOWS:

CULTURE SELECTION AND MAINTENANCE:

CULTURE AUGMENTATION:

CARRIER STERILIZATION:

MIXING AND PACKING:

SEWAGE AND WASTE WATER EFFLUENT

PLANT & MACHINERY (BROADLY)

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ENGINEERING DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS

QUALITY CONTROL

LIMITATIONS AND CONSTRAINTS

THE MAJOR LIMITING FACTORS INCLUDE:

ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS AND POLLUTION CONTROL

SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND MACHINERY

LAYOUT OF THE PRODUCTION UNIT

PRELIMINARY LAYOUT

PROPOSED IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE

PROJECT FINANCIALS

BASIS & PRESUMPTIONS (FOR PROFITABILITY WORKINGS)

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CONCLUSIONS
APPENDIX – A:

01. PLANT ECONOMICS

02. LAND & BUILDING

03. PLANT AND MACHINERY

04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS

05. FIXED CAPITAL

06. RAW MATERIAL

07. SALARY AND WAGES

08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS

09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL

10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT

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11. COST OF PRODUCTION

12. TURN OVER/ANNUM

13. BREAK EVEN POINT

14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE

15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS

16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS

17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS

18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)

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COST ESTIMATION
Plant Capacity 1000 Liters/Day
Land & Building (2905 sq.mt.) Rs. 5.49 Cr
Plant & Machinery Rs. 1.83 Cr
Working Capital for 0.5 Month Rs. 44.21 Lac
Total Capital Investment Rs. 8.17 Cr
Rate of Return 38%
Break Even Point 51%