Development of Heart and Fetal circulation

DR.RAVI
DEPT OF PEDIATRICS
MGMCRI

1. PRESENTED BY :Dr.mahesh yadav (p.g.) Referenece (nelson 21th south india asia edition and inderbir singh textbook of embryology) DEVELOPMENT OF HEART AND FETAL CIRCULATION

2. INTRODUCTION CHANGES IN SINU-ATRIAL ORIFICE FORMATION OF ATRIA FORMATION OF INTER ATRIAL SEPTUM DEVELOPMENT OF RIGHT ATRIUM AND LEFT ATRIUM DEVELOPMET OF VENTRICLES DEVELOPMENT OF INTER VENTRICULAR SEPTUM FETAL CIRCULATION CHANGES AFTER BIRTH IN CIRCULATION

3. INTRODUCTION It is splanchnopleuric mesodermal in origin , from the cardiogenic area(19days) . First seen in the from of two Endothelial heart tubes – Right and left . These endothelial tubes fuse together to form a single tube which shows series of dilation Bulbus cordis Ventricle Atrium Sinus venosus

4. FORMATION OF A.V. CUSHION

5. FORMATION OF INTER ATRIAL SEPTUM

6. DEVELOPMENT OF RIGHT ATRIUM

7. DEVELOPMENT OF LEFT ATRIUM Left half of the primitive atrial chamber . Left half of the atrio - ventricular canal . Absorbed proximal parts of the pulmonary veins .

8. DEVELOPMENT OF VENTRICLES

9. CONGENITAL ANAMOLY OF THE HEART ACYANOTIC CONEGENITAL HEART DISEASE(LEFT TO RIGHT SHUNT PATENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECT VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECT COARTICATION OF AORTA

10. 2. CYANOTIC CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE TETRALOGY OF FALLOT TRANSPOSITION OF GREAT ARTERIES TRUNCUS ARTERIOSUS TRICUSPID ATRESIA

11. FETAL CIRCULATION DEFINITION: The  fetal circulation  is the  circulatory system  of a human fetus, often encompassing the entire fetoplacental circulation which includes the  umbilical cord  and the blood vessels within the  placenta  that carry fetal blood .

12. PATHWAY Placenta Umbilical Vein Umbilical Arteries Liver Ductus Venosus Inferior Venacava Right Atrium Foramen Ovale Right Lung Arch of Aoarta Ductus Arteriosus Left Atrium Left Ventricle Right Ventricle Portal Vein

13. Umbilical Cord 2 umbilical arteries : return non-oxygenated blood, fecal waste, CO2 to placenta 1 umbilical vein: brings oxygenated blood and nutrients to the fetus

14. PATHWAY Oxygenated blood from the placenta through umbilical vein fetus liver Receives deoxygenated blood from the portal vein through ductus venosus Inferior vena cava Right atrium of heart through foramen ovale Left atrium of the heart Left ventricle of the heart

15. During ventricular systole Left ventricular blood Right ventricular blood pumped with < o2 content Ascending aorta and distributed is discharged by their branches to the heart, Pulmonary arteries head,neck,brain,arms . Ductus arteriosus Descending aorta Hypogastric arteries Umbilical arteries Placenta

16. During fetal life 350ml per kg per min Cardiac Output Following birth 500ml per min Heart Rate 120-140per min

17. At birth Clamping the cord shuts down low-pressure system Increased atmospheric pressure(increased systemic vascular resistance) causes lungs to inflate with oxygen Lungs now become a low-pressure system

18. CHANGES IN THE FETAL CIRCULATION AFTER BIRTH Shunt Functional closure Anatomical closure Remnant Ductus arteriosus 10 – 96 hrs after birth 2 – 3 wks after birth Ligamentum arteriosum Formamen ovale Within several mins after birth One year after birth Fossa ovalis Ductus venosus Within several mins after birth 3 – 7 days after birth Ligamentum venosum

19. THANK U