Diammonium phosphate

Diammonium phospate

1. Diammonium Phosphate Seminar On Presented by Gokulachandhiran.K Antolin Feran.A.M Chemical-IV

2. Diammonium phosphate (DAP )  chemical formula ( NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4   IUPAC Name    diammonium hydrogen phosphate It is one of a series of water-soluble ammonium phosphate salts that can be produced when ammonia reacts with phosphoric acid . The typical formulation is 18-46-0 (18% N, 46% P 2 O 5 , 0% K 2 O). At 100 °C, the dissociation pressure of diammonium phosphate is approximately 5 mm Hg. Accordingly, to MSDS of DiammoniumPhosphate from CF Industries inc. decomposition starts as low as 70 degree Celsius .

3. Properties Chemical Formula (NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 Molar Mass 132.06 g/mol Appearance white powder Density 1.619 g/cm 3 Melting Point 155 °C (311 °F; 428 K) decomposes Solubility in Water 57.5 g/100 mL (10 °C)  106.7 g/100 mL (100 °C) Solubility Nature insoluble in  alcohol,acetone  and liquid  ammonia Refractive index  ( n D ) 1.52 Other anions: Monoammonium phosphate,Triammonium phosphate Other cations :   Disodium phosphate,   Dipotassium phosphate

4. RAW MATERIALS REQUIRED: Diammonium phosphate with grade 18:46:0 , industrial manufacturing process requires five starting materials . Anhydrous liquid & vapour ammonia (99.5% pure NH3) Phosphoric acid (52-54% P2O5) Sulfuric acid (93-98% H2SO4) Urea prills (99 % NH2CONH2) Filler

5. Product Specification: Moisture per cent by weight (Maximum) – 2.5% Total Nitrogen per cent by weight (Minimum) – 18% Ammoniacal nitrogen form per cent by weight (Minimum) – 15.5% Total Nitrogen in the form of Urea per cent by weight (Maximum) – 2.5% Neutral ammonium citrate soluble phosphates   (P 2 O 5 ) per cent by weight (Minimum) – 46% Water soluble Phosphates (as P 2 O 5 ) per cent by weight (Minimum) – 41%

6. Product Description : Contains the second most important primary nutrient element, Phosphorous besides Nitrogen.(Nutrient:18% N, 46% P 2 O 5 ). Unique black colour and uniform size granules. Contains micro nutrients such as iron and important plant nutrients such as sulphur , calcium, magnesium, nitrogen and phosphate.

7. Chemical reaction take place in the diammonium phosphate fertilizer manufacturing pre- neutraliser NH3+H3PO4 → NH4H2PO4 (Mono ammonium phosphate) NH4H2PO4 + NH3 → (NH4)2HPO4 ( Diammonium phosphate)

8. Manufacturing Process: The resulting boiling slurry from pre- neutraliser is fed on the rotating bed of recycle material in a rotary drum granulator and therefore it is ammoniated to 1.8 to 1.85 moleration by sparging liquid ammonia through the formation of recent granules bed in the granulator. The moist granulated material discharged from granulator is dried in a rotary dryer using hot-quenched gas to reduce the moisture content of the material from about 3% to 1%. Cascade screen separated the dried material based on the size of granule particles .

9. Manufacturing Process ( Contd ……..): The screened out particles are cooled by the rotary drum cooler the inclined rotation enhance huge quantity of hot granules to contact with cool air blown counter currently from the outlet. The oversize materials from the screens are pulverized and recycled to the granulator. The grade of the DAP is adjusted by addition of urea and filler. Conveyor system transports the Diammonium phosphate fertilizer to the bagging system.Scrubbing system traps the fumes obtained from the granulator and pre- neutraliser and the dry scrubber cleans vent out air that carries the fertilizer particles generated from pulverizers , screens and product cooler. Finally tail gas scrubber further scrubbers the air before discharging it into the atmosphere

10. Uses: DAP is used as a   fertilizer.   When applied as plant food, it temporarily increases the   soil   pH, but over a long term the treated ground becomes more   acidic   than before upon nitrification of the ammonium. It is incompatible with   alkaline   chemicals because its   ammonium   ion is more likely to convert to   ammonia   in a high-pH environment. The average pH in solution is 7.5 – 8.   DAP can be used as a   fire retardant. It lowers the combustion temperature of the material. DAP is also used as a   yeast nutrient in winemaking   and   mead   brewing. as an additive in some brands of cigarettes purportedly as a   nicotine   enhancer. to prevent afterglow in matches, in purifying   sugar. as a   flux   for soldering tin, copper, zinc and brass. to control   precipitation   of alkali-soluble and acid-insoluble colloidal dyes on   wool.

11. Handling,Storage and Packing: DAP usually do not create any problem in the atmosphere and it is free flowing in nature. Granulated DAP on the other hand can be easily handled and uniformly distributed in the field. It is stored in air conditioned silos It is packed in multi-wall lined gunny bags (or) HDPE bags.

12. DAP From SPIC N:P:K = 18:46:0

13. Granulated form of DAP

14. Thank You