diet for lactating mother.pptx obstetric

diet during lactation ppt

1. DIET DURING LACTATION Presented by:- Simpi kumari B.Sc. Nursing 6 th semester 2022-26 Roll-41 Presented to:- Mrs. Kumari Khushboo (Nursing tutor) IGIMS-CON

2. Outline Introduction RDAs during lactation Factors affecting lactation Food included for lactating mother Foods to avoid in Indian diet plan for lactating mother Sample menu plan for lactating mother Conclusion Bibliography

3. INTRODUCTION The lactating mother requires adequate nutrition to enable synthesis of breast milk. Any inadequacies in her diet influence both the quantity and the quality of milk secreted. A well-nourished mother on an average secretes about 850 ml of milk/day whereas in case of a severely malnourished mother, the level may go down to as low as 400 ml/day.

4. RDAs during lactation Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)(1990) has given the recommendations for a lactating mother for various nutrients on the basis of the composition of breast milk. The milk secretions increase in the early periods of lactation, reaching a maximum by about six months and thereafter, there is decrease in the quantity of milk secretion. Therefore, while giving the recommendations, ICMR has divided the lactation period into two, i.e., 0-6 months and 6-12 months of lactation.

5. RECOMMENDED DAILY ALLOWANCE FOR A LACTATING MOTHER (0 – 6 MONTHS) Nutrients Sedentary worker Moderate Worker Heavy Worker Energy (kcal) 1900+600 2230+600 2850+600 Protein (g) 74 74 74 Fat (g) 30 30 30 Calcium (mg) 1200 1200 1200

6. RECOMMENDED DAILY ALLOWANCE FOR A LACTATING MOTHER (0 – 6 MONTHS) Nutrients Sedentary worker Moderate Worker Heavy Worker Iron (mg) 21 21 21 Vitamin – A Retinol ( μ g/d) 950 950 950 Vitamin – A Carotene ( μ g/d) 7600 7600 7600 Thiamine (mg) 1.3 1.4 1.7

7. RECOMMENDED DAILY ALLOWANCE FOR A LACTATING MOTHER (0 – 6 MONTHS) Nutrients Sedentary worker Moderate Worker Heavy Worker Riboflavin (mg) 1.5 1.7 2.1 Niacin (mg) 16 18 20 Pyridoxin (mg) 2.5 2.5 2.5 Folic acid ( μ g/d) 300 300 300 Vitamin B – 12 ( μ g) 1.5 1.5 1.5 Vitamin - C 80 80 80

8. RECOMMENDED DAILY ALLOWANCE FOR A LACTATING MOTHER (6-12 MONTHS) Nutrients Sedentary worker Moderate Worker Heavy Worker Energy (kcal) 1900+520 2230+520 2850+520 Protein (g) 68 68 68 Fat (g) 30 30 30 Calcium (mg) 1200 1200 1200

9. RECOMMENDED DAILY ALLOWANCE FOR A LACTATING MOTHER (6-12 MONTHS) Nutrients Sedentary worker Moderate Worker Heavy Worker Iron (mg) 21 21 21 Vitamin – A Retinol ( μ g/d) 950 950 950 Vitamin – A Carotene ( μ g/d) 7600 7600 7600 Thiamine (mg) 1.2 1.3 1.6

10. RECOMMENDED DAILY ALLOWANCE FOR A LACTATING MOTHER (6-12 MONTHS) Nutrients Sedentary worker Moderate Worker Heavy Worker Riboflavin (mg) 1.4 1.6 2.0 Niacin (mg) 15 17 19 Pyridoxin (mg) 2.5 2.5 2.5 Folic acid ( μ g/d) 300 300 300 Vitamin B – 12 ( μ g) 1.5 1.5 1.5 Vitamin - C 80 80 80

11. FACTORS AFFECTING LACTATION Endocrine Function Dietary factor

12. FACTORS AFFECTING LACTATION Psychological Factors Social Factors

13. FOOD INCLUDED FOR LACTATING MOTHER Proteins-   The baby is in the growing stage and needs lots of proteins. Mothers must eat lots of proteins for two reasons: -one to meet the growing baby’s requirement and for self-healing. Protein Foods to include in a lactating mother’s diet - Soybean, chicken, milk. Soaked almonds (15 pieces per day). Vegetarian mother can include a lot of orange masoor dal as it helps in increasing the milk supply and can also include mung dal, paneer and cheese in her diet. This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND

14. FOOD INCLUDED FOR LACTATING MOTHER Liquid Liquid foods to include in a lactating mother’s diet:    Water and coconut water. Vegetable based soups made out of spinach, bottle gourd, beetroot and carrots are super beneficial. Ragi kanji, buttermilk (after 1 month of delivery) and milk etc are good options. Drinking a liquid half an hour prior to feeding is most beneficial. This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY

15. FOOD INCLUDED FOR LACTATING MOTHER Carbohydrate :- Whole grain foods to include in lactating mother’s diet : whole wheat flour, oats and broken wheat dalia , brown rice, quinoa, ragi, muesli etc. This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY

16. FOOD INCLUDED FOR LACTATING MOTHER Vitamins and minerals :- Vegetables and Green leafy foods to include in lactating mother’s diet: Spinach, dill and fenugreek. Mother can include pumpkins, bottle gourds, ridge gourds, parval (pointed gourds) and tinda . Carrots and beetroots are specially very good for the lactating mother and the growing baby.  Beans can be included in diet in little quantity after 20 – 25 days of delivery. Fruits like apple, pomegranate, pear and papaya are good to have .

17. FOOD INCLUDED FOR LACTATING MOTHER Iron and Calcium :- Sources of Iron food in lactating mothers diet –   Non vegetarian mother can include liver and organ meat of chicken and duck; meats like pork, lamb and beef; Sea foods like oysters, sardines, mussels and shell fish. Vegetarian mothers can include dry beans, black eyed peas, green peas, kale and turnip greens. Foods cooked in iron vessels with tomatoes will also provide some iron. Pressed rice (Poha) and Puffed rice are good sources too. Jaggery is a good source too.

18. FOOD INCLUDED FOR LACTATING MOTHER Sources of Calcium food in lactating Mothers diet –   Milk and milk products like curd, cheese and paneer. Fishes with soft bones like salmon, anchovies and sardines. Leafy vegetables like Spinach, kale, mustard greens, and turnip tops.

19. FOOD INCLUDED FOR LACTATING MOTHER Galactagogues Galactagogues foods that can be included in a lactating mother’s diet  – Shatavari, fenugreek and fennel seeds. Foods like milk, almonds, orange Masoor dal, spinach, garlic, sesame and poppy seeds and ragi kanji also help in increasing milk secretions.

20. Foods to avoid in Indian diet plan for lactating mothers

21. Foods to avoid in Indian diet plan for lactating mothers   Cruciferous vegetables – Vegetables such as cauliflower, broccoli, cabbage and asparagus are cruciferous. Lactating mother should avoid them. These are difficult to digest and can cause infant colic and gas. Legumes like rajma, chana and soya beans should also be avoided for the first 2-3 months after.

22. Sample Menu plan for a Lactating mother

23. Early morning This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND

24. Break fast OR OR + +

25. Mid- Morning OR + This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC

26. Lunch OR

27. Evening OR +

28. Dinner OR OR + +

29. Bed time OR

30. CONCLUSION A well-balanced diet during lactation is crucial for the health and well-being of both the mother and the baby. Nutrient rich foods support milk production, infant growth and maternal recovery. A lactating mother’s diet should include a variety of whole foods, such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins and healthy fats. Adequate hydration is also essential. By focusing on nutrient-dense foods and a healthy lifestyle, breastfeeding mothers can support their baby’s development and their own postpartum health.

31. BIBLIOGRAPHY Kaur Sandeep, Textbook of midwifery/obstetrics and gynecology nursing, 2 nd edition, CBS Publishers & Distributors Pvt. Ltd. Pg no.- 287-288 Lal Harbans, Textbook of applied Nutrition & Dietetics, CBS Publishers & Distributors Pvt. Ltd. Pg no.- 235,244,254,261,292-293 https://www.fssai.gov.in /upload/advisories/2020/01/5e159e0a809bbLetter_RDA_08_01_2020.pdf https://www.indiaivf.in /blog/diet-plan-for-lactating-mother/? srsltid =AfmBOoqaLSRi8gmZi https://www.cdc.gov/breastfeeding-special-circumstances/hcp/diet-micronutrients/maternal-diet.html https://www.danone.in/nutrition-for-all/first-1000-days/first-2-years-life/diet-breastfeeding/

32. Thank you