Difference between quran and hadith

1. Difference between Quran and Hadith

2. Quran Speech of Allah sent down upon the prophet Muhammad pbuh through the angel Gabriel in its precise meaning and wording transmitted to us by numerous persons both verbally and in writing It is inimitable and unique Protected by God-mentioned in the Quran

3. Hadith Linguistic meaning of Hadith are news, reports or narrations In Islamic context a particular report (verbal and written) about the sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad What is Sunnah? Literal meaning is the road or practice Religious context what has been described by Prophet Muhammad and what he said and did in continuous manner so that others follow.

4. continued Saying of Prophet Muhammad pbuh Action of Prophet Muhammad pbuh Approval (silent) of Prophet Muhammad pbuh in other actions (companions) Action on the Prophet Muhammad pbuh that are related to Islam and the Prophet pbuh wanted us to act upon directly or indirectly by mentioning the virtue of such act

5. Hadith Qudsi Meaning from Allah while wording from the Prophet Muhammad pbuh Communicated from Allah through revelation or in dreams then communicated by Prophet Muhammad pbuh in his own words Prophet relates to the people what Allah has said or did (does) but not a part of Quran

6. Continued Hadith: Abu Hurairah reported that Allah’s messenger said “Allah mighty and exalted is He; said if my servant like to meet me I like to meet him, if he dislike me to meet I dislike to meet him.

7. The Condition for the Acceptance of Hadith A Hadith must meet the following five criteria in order to be accepted in Islamic law as a source of legal ordinance 1.Continuity of the change of transmitters: chain of transmitters has to be unbroken in order for the hadith to be accepted. The transmitter must not be missing from the chain of narrators Transmitter must have heard the hadith directly from the transmitter before him It is verified with biographical science of hadith

8. continued 2. The integrity of the transmitters: Integrity of transmitters is established in terms how they practice Islam. They are not engaged in doing forbidden things and must be righteous and pious Again should be verified through the biographical science of Hadith 3. Soundness of Memory of transmitters must be verified through biographical science of Hadith that transmitter has a sound memory or his books were accurate and directly transmitted from his book

9. continued 4. Conformity of the Hadith The conformity should be both in the chain of transmitters and in the text 5. Absence of Defects A defect in hadith is defined as hidden defect in the hadith which takes away from its authenticity Hadith which appears to be free from all defects in beginning but after thorough investigation finds some defects which can be in the chain of transmitters or in the text

10. Classification of Hadith There are 2 types of Hadiths : The recurrent Hadith (al-Hadith al- mutawatir ) This type of hadith is decisive, has no doubt that it actually came from Prophet Muhammad pbuh Conditions of Mutawatir Hadith- Recurrent Hadith 1. at Least four different people must have narrated the hadith 2. Must be impossible for those four or more people to concur on a lie. 3. They must have narrated the hadith from the same people (first 2 conditions being applicable) from the beginning of the chain of transmitters until the end of it 4. The narration on the Hadith must rely on the mind and the senses.

11. continued B. The non recurrent Hadith (al-hadith al- ahad ) Any Hadith which is not recurrent ( mutawatir ) is called non-recurrent ( ahad ). This category is divided into three sub categories according to number of narrator of the Hadith. The well known Hadith (al-Hadith al- mashhur ). This hadith which has been narrated by three or more people in the chain of transmitters but did not arrive at the rank of the recurrent hadith The strong hadith (al-hadith al- aziz ) this is a hadith in which there are no less than 2 narrators in each part of the chain on narrators The rare Hadith (al-hadith al- gharib ) this is a hadith which is narrated by a single person at one point in the chain of transmitters

12. continued The non-recurrent is also sub divided in the three more classifications regarding the beginning of the chain of transmitters Elevated Hadith (al-hadith al- Marfu ) This is a hadith the chain or narrators fro which begins prophet Muhammad pbuh The Suspended Hadith (al-Hadith al- mawquf ) this hadith the chain of narrators does not trace the Prophet pbuh but instead a companion of the Prophet

13. continued 3. Cut-off Hadith (al-hadith al- maqtu ). This is a hadith the chain of narrators for which traces back only to a successor of the companions of the P rophet pbuh Non recurrent Hadith is classified into 3 classifications regarding their acceptance as a source of Islamic law

14. Continued Authentic Hadith (al-hadith as- sahih ). This is a hadith which satisfies the 5 criteria of acceptance of hadith. The good Hadith (al-hadith al- hasan ) this is the hadith which like the authentic hadith also satisfies the five criteria except the third criteria of soundness of memory of the transmitters is only slightly satisfied.

15. continued 3. The weak hadith (al-hadith al- da’if ) This is hadith which does not satisfy all the five criteria for acceptance of hadith Weakness in the Hadith due to lacking continuity Continuity is missing at the end of the chain, hanging (mu’allaq) Continuity is missing in the middle of the chain of transmitters, interrupted ( munqati ’)

16. continued 3. It 2 successive transmitters or more are missing in the middle of the chain or transmitters , problematic ( mu’dil ) 4. If the first transmitter, a companion of Prophet Muhammad pbuh is missing from the chain of transmitters, the hadith is called incompletely transmitted ( mursal ) B. Weakness in Hadith due to lack of integrity (‘ adalah ) in narrators

17. continued A hadith which has been fabricated- mawdu If a hadith is transmitted who is charged with lying and that hadith known only through his transmission then the hadith has to be abandoned Three sub groupings of hadith are classified as: Forged transmitters- hadith which transmitter had transmitted from other transmitter who he has met but under whom he did not study, implying that he heard from him Forged regarding teachers Forged regarding naming of transmitters If one of the transmitter of the hadith is not named it is called obscure If something has been added to the hadith then it is known as interpolated

18. continued C. Weakness due inaccuracy of memories of transmitters Transmitted by a different weak channel -shaky Change in wording of the hadith- interpolated Inversion in the words of the chain of narrators or text of the hadith –inverted