Different techniques and Methods of DNA and RNA Isolation.pdf

Nucleic acids (DNA or RNA) are the hereditary molecules that harbor biological instructions for making each species unique.
This genetic material is passed on from one generation to another at the time of reproduction.
Each organism contains multiple molecules of DNA per cell. In eukaryotes, DNA is found localized in a particular region of the cell known as the nucleus. This DNA is packaged tightly in the form of chromosomes.
The complete set of nuclear DNA of an organism is called a genome. Extraction or isolation of DNA is an initial step for various molecular biology, genetics, and recombinant DNA technology applications. It is one of the basic steps to study a genome or identify gene sequences in a heterogeneous gene pool.

2. Methods of DNA and RNA
Isolation
By
Romissaa Aly Esmail
•lecturer of Oral Medicine, Periodontology,
Diagnosis and Dental Radiology (Al-Azhar
University)

3. Nucleic acids (DNA or
RNA) are the hereditary
molecules that harbor
biological instructions for
making each species
unique.
This genetic material is
passed on from one
generation to another at
the time of reproduction.
Each organism contains
multiple molecules of
DNA per cell. In
eukaryotes, DNA is found
localized in a particular
region of the cell known
as the nucleus. This DNA
is packaged tightly in the
form of chromosomes.
The complete set of
nuclear DNA of an
organism is called a
genome. Extraction or
isolation of DNA is an
initial step for various
molecular biology,
genetics, and
recombinant DNA
technology applications.
It is one of the basic steps
to study a genome or
identify gene sequences
in a heterogeneous gene
pool.

31. The alternative technique is to employ guanidinium
thiocyanate (GITC), which helps in the denaturation
and dissolving of proteins.
GITC also dissociates nucleoproteins from the DNA and
can be used in any tissue. In the presence of GITC, DNA
also strongly binds to silica particles. Thus, the cell
extract or tissue homogenate mixed with GITC can be
applied to the chromatography columns packed with
silica for DNA isolation. DNA then selectively binds to
the column and can be easily eluted.

50. Paper DNA extraction:

62. Isolation of RNA

75. Detailed delineation of the different
stages of metagenome DNA extraction
approaches involving sample
homogenization (H), lysis protocols (L),
DNA purification methods (P). Direct
lysis of the biologically diverse faces
(raw specimen: RS) has the power to
get access to both planktonic and
sessile cells. Processing bacterial
suspension: BS obtained by multiple
washing steps free-floating bacteria can
be separated from the indigestible
compounds of the feces and manure
particles. To compare the efficiency of
lysis methods in disintegrating Gram-
positive and Gram-negative cell
boundaries, bead mill (L1), chemical cell
disruption (L2) based techniques and
the mixture of those (L3) were
performed. To separate nucleic acids
from sample lysates robotic magnetic
bead (P4), manual silica column (P5)
based commercialand manual nucleic
acid precipitation based conventional
(P6) techniques were used.