Differential Thermal analysis Application in Polymers.

In this slide contains principle, description of Differential Thermal analysis Application in Polymers.
Presented by: RAMY SALIHEEN (Department of pharmaceutics).
RIPER, anantapur

1. 1 Differential Thermal Analysis Application in polymers A Seminar as a part of curricular requirement for I year M. Pharm I semester Presented by Mr. RAMY SALIHEEN ( Reg. No. 20L81S0311 ) Under the guidance/Mentorship of Dr. CH Pavan Kumar M.Pharm .PhD Associate Professor and Head Dept. of Pharmaceutics

2. 2 Introduction on Differential thermal Analysis Principle of Differential thermal analysis Description Of differential Thermal thermogram of Differential thermal Analysis Application of DTA in Polymer Conclusion References Contents

3. 3 A technique in which the difference in temperature between the sample and a reference material is monitored against time or temperature while the temperature of the sample, in a specified atmosphere, is programme d   Introduction to differential thermal analysis

4. 4 The basic principle involved in DTA is the temperature difference between the test sample and an inert reference sample(alumina) under controlled and identical conditions of heating or cooling is recorded continuously as a function of temperature or time, thus the heat absorbed or emitted by a chemical system is determined Principle of differential thermal analysis

5. 5 Description of differential thermal analysis The sample and the reference are placed in the furnace. The furnace is controlled under a temperature program and the temperature of the sample and the reference are changed. During this process, thermocouple is set up to detect the temperature difference between the sample and the reference.

6. 6 thermogram Thermogram is graphical data that represent the temperature difference Change on sample and reference On y axis is heat flow On x axis is temperature time

7. 7 Thermogram

8. 8 >glass transition of polymers >Identification of crystallization of polymer >Thermal degradation Application of Differential thermal Analysis in Polymers

9. 9 Glass Transition Temperature Glass transition temperature is a temperature at which the amorphous polymers experiences the transition from the glassy state to the rubbery state. Find optimum way use the polymers Example :polyethylene Glass Transition Temperature

10. 10 crystallization of polymer polymers  can crystallize upon cooling from melting crystallinity affects physical properties such as storage modulus, permeability, density and melting temperature Example: polyethene polyethylene are analyzed over the temperature range from ambient to 180 °C. A heating rate of 10 cooling the sample from 180 °C at 5 °C/min. the result polyethylene contain 46% Crystallinity using Universal Analysis software is used

11. 11 The conventional model for thermal degradation  involves three major steps 1. The initiation of thermal degradation involves the loss of a hydrogen atom from the polymer chain as a result of energy input from heat or light. 2.  The propagation of thermal degradation can involve a variety of reactions and one of these is where the free radical (R•) reacts with an oxygen (O2) molecule to form a peroxy radical (ROO•) which can then remove a hydrogen atom from another polymer  Thermal degradation

12. 12 3. Termination of Thermal Degradation is Achieved by ‘mopping up’ the free radicals to Create inert products.  This can occur Naturally by Combining free radicals or it can be assisted by using Stabilizers in the Plastic. Continue…

13. 13 Different polymers have unique thermal preparties by understanding and learn the thermal preparties we can optimize the use of polymers Conclusion

14. 14 References B. Wunderlich, Thermal Analysis, Academic Press, 1990, pp. 417-431. 2. TN 48, R.F. Boyer,  Transitions and Relaxations in Polymers , Inter science , New York, 1967

15. 15 Thank you