DIGESTION AND ABSORPTION OF FATS AND ITS APPLIED

Thank me later!!

1. DIGESTION AND
ABSORPTION OF
FATS
& ITS APPLIED
PRESENTED BY- ANJLI YADAV
ROLL NO - 31

2. LEARNING OBJECTIVES
●Fats of the diet
●Digestion of fats
●Micelle formation
●Absorption of fats
●Steatorrhea

3. FATS OF THE DIET
●Almost entire fat portion of diet is Triglyceride.
●Phospholipids and cholesterol esters contain fatty acid.
●Cholesterol doesn’t contain fatty acid.
TRIGLYCERIDES PHOSPHOLIPIDS CHOLESTEROLCHOLESTEROL
ESTERS

4. FAT DIGESTION IN MOUTH AND STOMACH
MOUTH:
ENZYME- Lingual lipase
ACTION- <10% digestion of triglycerides

STOMACH:
ENZYME- Gastric lipase (fundus area of stomach)
ACTION- <10% digestion of triglycerides

5. FAT DIGESTION IN DUODENUM
EMULSIFICATION OF FAT-
●Breaking fat globules to small sizes so that water soluble enzymes can act on globule
surfaces- by BILE SALTS and LECITHIN.
●Polar parts highly soluble in water.
●Fat soluble sterol nucleus dissolves in surface layer of fat globules.
● Interfacial tension of globule of fat allows it to break into tiny particles on agitation.

7. FAT DIGESTION IN PANCREAS AND INTESTINE
PANCREAS:
ENZYME: Pancreatic lipase

ACTION: Triglycerides (all) Monoglyceride + 2 Fatty acids

INTESTINE:
ENZYME: Enteric lipase
ACTION: No significant action

8. MICELLE FORMATION
●Small, spherical, cylindrical globules composed of bile salt.
●Hydrolysis of Triglycerides is highly reversible process.
●Accumulation of MG and Free FA blocks further digestion.
●Bile salts form micelles to prevent such things.
●Also help in transport of MG and Free FA into intestinal epithelial cells called
“FERRYING”.

9. ABSORPTION OF FATS
●Micelles are carried to the surfaces of the microvilli.
●Here both MG and Free FA diffuse out of the micelles and into the cells.
●In presence of bile micelles 97% of fat is absorbed while only 40-50% in their
absence.
●The MG and Free FA are converted into Triglycerides and are released in the
form of chylomicrons near the base of the cell.
●Through thoracic duct empty into the circulating blood.

11. STEATORRHEA
A condition where there is increased fat excretion in stools as a result of
malabsorption of fats from the small intestine.
Stools appear pale, fecal volume increases, the texture is loose and often foul
smelling.

12. CAUSES-
1.Bile acid deficiency.
2.Pancreatic enzyme insufficiency.
3.Diseases affecting small intestine such as tropical sprue and celiac disease.


TREATMENT-
1.Replacement therapy with pancreatic enzymes.
2.Replacement therapy with bile acids.
3.Dietary restrictions of fats.

13. SUMMARY

14. REFERENCE:
●Guyton and hall (3rd south asian edition)
●Ganong’s review of medical physiology
●ResearchGate.com

15. -THANK YOU-



ANJLI YADAV
ROLL NO 31