Digestion process

THIS PPT HAVE INFORMATION ABOUT PROPER DIGESTION AND ASSIMILATION PROCESS.

1. DIGESTION AND UTILIZATION OF NUTRIENTS ANBUSELVI R AMIRTA INSTITUTE OF HOTEL MANGEMENT AND CATERING TECHNOLOGY

2. INTRODUCTION Food ingestion- intake of food which is present different types of nutrients. Giving energy for various body processes. Maintenance of bogy tissue or reproduction. Entire process- eaten to excretion – is called Metabolism of food. Continuous process.

3. TWO IMPORTANT PROCESS 1. Anabolism- process of building up of body substance. 2. Catabolism- process of breaking down of body substance.

4. Anabolism Building new substances from simple molecules example: simple molecules (amino acids) ---> Protein

5. Catabolism Breakdown of various tissues to their simpler components. For examples: During fever, infection, tear , routine wear and various energy liberation process.

6. METABOLISM STEPS Digestion Absorption Assimilation

7. Function of digestive system

8. 1. Digestion starts from MOUTH and comprises the FOOD PIPE (oesophagus) 2. Stomach, small intestine and large intestine 3. Ends with anus (Excretion process)

9. FUNCTION OF EACH ORGANS MOUTH: chewing the food, mixing with saliva OESOPHAGUS: food path STOMACH: Storage and churning 0f food with various secretion – hydrochloric acid, pepsin and rennin. SMALL INTESTINE : made up of three parts , duodenum, jejunum and ileum for proper absorption.

10. Pancreas: secrete the digestive enzyme and also insulin- carbohydrate metabolism. Liver: one of the largest glands in the body. Secrets bile- stored in the gall bladder. Gall bladder- storage place for bile- Application of bile : Strongly alkaline, acid food converted into alkaline condition- essential for action of enzymes in small intestine. Prevents the growth of bacteria. Large intestine, colon and rectum- waste products pass down to colon

11. DIGESTION PROCESS 1. Digestion in the mouth 2. Digestion in the stomach 3. Digestion in the small intestine

12. 1. Digestion in the mouth Chewing the food – mix with saliva saliva contain enzymes that ptyalin (Amylase). Saliva – condition is mucous- helps to wet the food and passage easy into the stomach.

13. 2. Digestion in the stomach Gastric juice produced by stomach contain- water, hydrochloric acid and enzymes ( pepsin) Semi-digested food pass into the small intestine.

14. 3. Digestion in the small intestine Food mixed with pancreatic juice produced by pancreas that contains some enzymes- Amylase, lipase, trypsin and peptidases. Small intestine- produced lipase, peptidase, lactase, maltase, sucrase and maltase.

15. ASSIMILATION Absorption of nutrients. For example carbohydrates absorbed – blood in the form of glucose.

16. NUTRIENT DIGESTION ASSIMILATION IN METABOLISM CARBOHYDRATES Absorbed in the form of glucose or other monosaccharide Oxidation- energy to Co2 and H2o, Changed to g lycogen and stored in liver , Change to fat and stored as fatty acid. FATS Absorbed in the small intestine in the form of fatty acids and glycerol New fat oxidized for energy to Co2 and H2o, stored as fatty tissue. PROTEINS Absorbed in the small intestine in the form of amino acids Nitrogen removed, changed to urea and excreted, converted to glucogenic and Ketogenic amino acids

17. Protein = Amino acid Build new tissues( muscles, blood, cells). Repair old tissues (Healing, replenish).

18. Conclusion Each and every function of body needs particular nutrients that was fulfilled by balanced diet.