digestive system of ruminants.pptx

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1. Bioved Research Institute of Agriculture , Technology And Sciences SEMESTER- V (NEW) Course no. : AG-510 Credit : 3 (2+1) Course Title: Principles of Food Science And nutrition Compile By : Dr. Braj Kishor Mohrab , Ramvan Gaman Road, Bhagwatipur Shringverpur , Prayagraj (U.P)

2. Digestive system of ruminant Ruminants are mammals that eat plants. The most well-known fact about these animals is that they have four-chambered stomachs that help them digest food. This process through which these ruminants extract nutrition from the food they consume is known as rumination. Examples of ruminants are Cows, Sheep, Buffalos, Yaks, Giraffes, and Deer. We see cows chewing their food for very long periods. This happens because Ruminants are animals who can ferment the eaten food, regurgitate it, and chew it again through rumination.

3. Digestive System in Ruminant The main difference between digestion in ruminants and digestion in other mammals is that the ruminant’s stomach has four separate chambers, each with a unique function. Most other mammals have single-chambered stomachs.. Organs of the Ruminant Digestive System To understand digestion in ruminants, the ruminant digestive system and its organs need to be understood. Ruminant digestive system is composed of: Mouth The mouth consists of lips, tongue, palate and teeth. Mouth is where ingestion of food (grass) takes place. Food from the mouth is emptied into the oesophagus. Oesophagus Oesophagus is also known as a food pipe. It connects the mouth and stomach. In ruminants, the oesophagus has bidirectional function, which means food can move in both directions (from mouth to stomach and vice versa). This movement of food through the oesophagus is brought about by muscle contraction and relaxation in wave-like fashion.

4. Movement of food in the alimentary canal of ruminants

5. Stomach There are four chambers of the stomach in ruminants — rumen, reticulum, omasum and abomasum — each with a particular function. Stomach stores grass and grain, absorb nutrients, break down and dissolve food. The  rumen  is also known as paunch. It is the first chamber of the stomach. The  reticulum  is also known as honeycomb. The inner side of the reticulum appears structurally similar to a honeycomb. It is attached to the rumen with a thin tissue. The third chamber is a sphere-shaped  omasum . It is lined with large folds of tissue. The  abomasum  is the last chamber of the stomach and is the true stomach. It is smaller in size. It represents about 4% of the total stomach volume.

6. Small Intestine Small intestine is divided into duodenum, jejunum and ileum. It receives partially digested food from stomach and empties it into cecum Cecum Connects small and large intestines and acts as a transition. Large Intestine It is larger in width and smaller in length compared to small intestine.

7. Thank you so much all