Digit Ratio - How can we guess the different types if people.ppt

The ratio of different types of people is difficult to guess

1. Digit Ratio

2. Digit Ratio (2D:4D) and
attachment styles in middle
childhood: Indirect evidence
for an organizational effect of
sex hormones
Marco Del Giudice & Romina
Angeleri (2015)
Will
M.

3. Life history theory
“Fast” strategy: mature early, reproduce early,
have many offspring, invest less in them, die
earlier
E.g., Salmon
“Slow” strategy: mature late, reproduce later, have
fewer offspring, invest more in them, die later
E.g., Humans
How to make trade-offs between
growth, maintenance, and
reproduction over the life course
given a limited amount of energy.
Will M.

4. Does 2D:4D digit ratio predict
attachment in middle childhood?
Second digit typically shorter, but
difference between lengths of the two
digits greater in males than females.
Rough-and-ready measure of early
exposure to androgen and estrogen.
Should predict differences in insecure
attachment in both sexes
Will M.

6. Mean digit ratio higher in
females
Females score lower in avoidance, higher
in ambivalence
No sex differences in secure attachment
More feminine ratios associated with less
avoidance, more ambivalence, not felt
security
Will
M.

7. Aggression type and gender
Boys more physically victimized by their
friends.
Friend physical victimization was particularly
related to boys adjustment difficulties
Girls more relationally victimized.
Friend relational victimization was particularly
related to girls’ adjustment difficulties.
Crick & Nelson, 2002.

8. Prediction

9. Cross-sex friendships
Pre-school
Elementary school
Middle school
High school / Adolescence …

10. Change
12th grade
Boys 5 hrs a week w girls.
Girls 10 hrs a week w boys.
Larger network of other-sex friends
increases odds of romantic
relationship

11. Extreme male brain
theory of autism
Baron-Cohen

12. Empathizing
(theory of mind)
“Empathizing is the
capacity to predict
and to respond to the
behavior of agents
(usually people) by
inferring their mental
states and
responding to these
with an appropriate
emotion.”

13. Systemizing
“Systemizing is the
capacity to predict and
to respond to the
behavior of
nonagentive
deterministic systems
by analyzing input-
operation-output
relations and inferring
the rules that govern
such systems.”

14. Females and males
“At population level, females are stronger
empathizers and males stronger systemizers.
“Eextreme male brain’’ theory: autism
represents an extreme of the male pattern
(impaired empathizing and enhanced
systemizing).
Specific aspects of autistic neuroanatomy may
also be extremes of typical male
neuroanatomy.”

15. You can be high in both… or
low in both
Higher on graph
–more
empathizing
Lower –less
empathizing
More to right –
higher
systemizing
More left –less
systemizing