Diiferent types of road

different types of roads and patterns

1. Different types of roads and patterns ABHISHEK DIXIT Assistant Professor

2. Depending on weather condition Types of roads All-weather roads: Negotiable during all weather Fair- weather : Traffic may be interrupted during monsoon season.

3. Depending upon types of road pavement Types of roads Paved roads Unpaved roads

4. Depending upon types of surfacing Types of roads Surface roads Un-surfaced roads

5. Nagpur Road Plan/1 st road plan Types of roads National Highways State Highways Major District Road Other District Roads Village Roads

6. Modified classification of Road System by 3 rd road development plan Types of roads Primary System Expressways and National Highways Secondary System State Highways and Major District Roads Tertiary system or Rural roads Other District Road and Village Roads

7. Classification of Urban Roads Expressways Arterial Streets Sub-Arterial Streets Collector’s Streets Local Streets

8. Expressways For Speedy and heavy traffic Pedestrians not allowed Connect main markets, important places Complete separation of opposite moving traffic by a divider or median Level crossings, sharp curves, steep gradients avoided Telephone facility, Highway Police, Servicing Stations, Refreshment Facility available at regular intervals

9. Heavy Traffic with high speed (120 Km/Hr.) Land width= 90 m. Connects major points of traffic generation Slow moving traffic is not allowed No loading unloading and parking allowed Full Access control

10. Arterial Streets For the heavy/important traffic inside the city Usually along the expressways serving as principal network of traffic flow Join central business district with outside residential areas Parking, loading, unloading prohibited Pedestrians are allowed to cross only at intersections

11. Arterial Streets Design Speed: 80 km/hr. Land width= 50-60 m.

12. Sub-Arterial Streets Less traffic than arterial streets Pedestrians are allowed to cross only at intersections Spacing varies from 0.5 km in central business areas to 3 to 5 km in residential area. Parking, loading, unloading usually restricted and controlled

13. Sub Arterial Streets Bus stops but no standing vehicle. Design Speed: 60 Km/hr. Land width= 30-40 m.

14. Collector’s Streets Meant for collecting the traffic from local streets to arterial streets Full access allowed from properties alongside Situated in residential, commercial, industrial areas Few parking restrictions except for peak hours

15. Collector Streets Design Speed: 50 km/hr. Land width= 20-30 m.

16. Local Streets Open access from residents, business or other properties. Does not carry large volume of traffic. Unrestricted parking and pedestrians allowed

17. Local Streets Design Speed: 30 km/hr. Land width= 10-20 m.

18. Urban Road Patterns

19. Rectangular/Block Pattern

20. Radial (Star) and Block Pattern

21. Radial (Star) and Circular Pattern

22. Radial (Star) and Grid Pattern

23. Hexagonal Pattern

24. Minimum Travel Pattern

25. Sr. No. Point of Comparison Roadways Railways 1 Type of traffic Cars, bikes, trucks, lorries, buses, etc. Goods & passenger trains 2 Width of right of way More Less 3 Tractive resistance More Less 4 Special operational devices Not required Required 5 Rate of accidents More Less 6 Cost of Construction & maintenance Low High 7 Suitability to hilly areas Suitable Not suitable 8 Load carrying capacity Low High 9 Distance of travel Short Long 10 Gradients & curves Steep gradients & sharp curves can be provided Only smooth gradients or curves should be provided 11 Requirement of skilled labour for construction & maintenance Not required Required Comparison between Roadways & Railways: