Direct and Indirect Speech/Narration With Hindi (pdf)

Direct and Indirect Speech is least a matter of tough technical processes and more of an Understanding of SPEECH. It seems more of a Composition and Conversation topic than of traditional grammar. Understand it, do not try to Memorise it.

1. Narration
Direct Speech
Indirect Speech
•Created by: Sh. Ram Gopal Balana
(Ratia, Haryana)
•Uploaded by: EklavyaParv

2. Hesays tome,“Iknowyou.”
Reporting Verb Reporting Speech
He-Subject of Reporting Verb
Says to-Verb of Reporting Verb
Me-Object of Reporting Verb
I-Subject of Reporting Speech
Know-Verb of Reporting Speech
You-Object of Reporting Speech

3. How to Change Direct into
Indirect
;fn Reporting Verb,
Present Tense (say, says)
;k Future Tense (will say,
shall say)esa gks rks
Reporting Speechdk
Tenseughs cnysxkA

4. Change
 Say into Say
Says into Says
Say to into Tell
Says to into Tells
Inverted Commasdks gVkdj
“That “yxkvksA

5. Change Pronouns
R.S 1 2 3
R.VS O N
vFkkZr~
R.S ds First PersondksR.V.ds
Sub. ds vuqlkj cnyks
2
nd
PersondksObj.ds vuqlkj
3
rd
Person -No Change

6. Narration
;fn Reporting Verb, Past
Tense (said,said to) esa gks rks
Reporting Speechdk
TensecnysxkA

7. Change
Said into said
Said to into told
Inverted Commasdks
gVkdj“That” yxkvksA

8. Present
IndefiniteConti.PerfectPer. Cont.
Past
Future
Will/Shall
Can
May
-Would
-Could
-Might

9. Change
This intoThat
These into Those
Here into There
Now into Then
Today into That day
Tomorrow intoThe next day
Yesterday intoThe Previous day
Tonight into That night

10. Exceptional Type
In some cases Reporting
Verb, Past TenseesagksrksHkh
Reporting SpeechdkTense
ughacnyrkA;s ifjfLFkfr;ka
fuEufyf[krgS%

11. Exceptional Type
*;fn Reporting SpeechesaUniversal Truth
gksA
* ;fn Reporting SpeechesaHistorical Fact
gksA
*;fn Reporting SpeechesaHabitual Fact
gksA
* ;fn Reporting Speechesa ydksfDr ;k
eqgkojk gksA
;fn esa nks dke ,d

12. Interrogative Type
Interrogative Sentences nks izdkj
ds gksrs gS%
1.Yes, No Interrogative
He said to me, “ Are you well?”
2.W.H. Interrogative
He said to me, “How are you?”

13. Yes,No Interrogative
He said to me, “Are you well
today?”
* blesaSaid;k Said todskaskedesacnyks
*Inverted CommasdksgVkdjif yxkvksA
He said to me, “ Are you well
today?”
He asked me if I was well that day.

14. W.H. Interrogative
blesaInverted Commasdks
gVkdj dqN Hkh ugha yxsxkA
He said to me, “Where
are you going?”
He asked me where I
was going.

15. Imperative Type
blesa Reporting Verbdsk Reporting
Speechds Hkko ds vuqlkj
requested,ordered, forbade,
commanded bR;kfn esa cnyksA
Please ;k Kindlydks requestedesa
cnyksA
;fn eukgh gks rks reporting Verbdks
forbade esa cnyksA

16. Imperative Type
;fn Reporting Speechesa
vkns’k gks rks commanded
yxkvksA
Inverted Commas dks
gVkdjtoyxkvksA

17. Exclamatory Type
blesa said todksReporting
Speechds Hkko ds vuqlkj cnyksA
Hurrah!dksExclaimed with joy
esa cnyksA
Alas!dksExclaimed with sorrow
yxkvksA

18. Exclamatory Type
Bravo!dksApplauded
….sayingyxkvksA
Inverted Commasdks
gVkdj“that”yxkvksA