Direct filling gold

Direct filling gold, explained with Limited matter moreover I have included all the images. if you go through a standard textbook and referred to this PPT it will help you so much I hope It helps you

1. DIRECT FILLING GOLD

2. CONTENTS
Introduction
History
Classification
Physical properties
Indications
Contraindications
Types of gold used in dentistry
Annealing and degassing
Condensation and compaction
Compaction technique
Biocompatibility of gold
Uses of liners and bases
Cavity preparations and designs
Advantages and disadvantages
Conclusion
References

3. INTRODUCTION
Earliest material available
Persons with good oral hygiene
Proper case selection

4. “HISTORY OF GOLD”
First evidence of use of
gold filling –3000 BC.
Govann D Arcoli
recommended gold leaf
fillings in 1843.
Gold foil restorations were
introduced by Robert
Woffendale in 1795.
Cohesive gold was
introduced by American
dentist Robert Arthur in
1855.

5. “PHYSICAL
PROPERTIES OF
GOLD”

6. “Classification of direct filling gold”
1. Foil (Fibrous
gold)
-Sheets
-Pellets
-Cylinders
-Laminated foil
-Platinized foil
-Corrugated foil
2. Electrolytic
precipitate
(crystalline gold)
-Mat gold
-Mat foil
-Gold calcium
alloy
3. Powdered or
granulated gold
-Gold dent

7. ANNEALING / DEGASSING

8. CONDENSATION / COMPACTION OF DIRECT
FILLING GOLD
OBJECTIVES :
•To weld
•To minimize the voids
•Adaptation of the gold to
cavity walls
PRINCIPLES :
•Line of force
•Stepping or shingling
•Use minimum thickness of pellet present for condensation
•Force of the blow

9. INSTRUMENTS USED FOR COMPACTION
Hand pressure
Hand malleting
Automatic hand malleting
Electric malleting (McShirley electromallet)
Pneumatic malleting (Hollenback condenser)
CONDENSERS :
Round condensers
Parallelogram condensers
Foot condensers

10. “COMPACTION TECHNIQUE”

12. Are liner and bases required under direct
filling gold
3mmormoreremainingdentin–nobase
2mmormore–varnishonwallsandfloors.
Between1-2mm–sub-baseofCa(OH)
2orunmodifiedZOE
overthisvarnish.ThenuseZnPO
4cementor
zincpolycarboxylate
Lessthan1mm–directfillinggoldcontraindicated

13. BIOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS IN DFG:
Pulp irritations due:
Energy of condensation not absorbed by the restorative
material, may dissipate to the pulp dentin organ
Condensation of enamel aimed 90º to axial or pulpal walls
are the most destructive. So use 45ºto these walls.
Thermal energy in the pellet, exceeding that needed for
decontamination –pulpal irritation
Frictional heat of finishing and polishing
Galvanic current between cathodicgold and other metallic
restorations
Ultrasonic energy from high condensation frequency can
harm pulp

14. INDICATIONS
•Incipientlesions
•ClassI
•ClassII
•ClassIII
•ClassV
•Erosiveareas
•Atypicallesions
•ProximaltoFPD
•Ventholes
•ClassVI
•Retrogradefilling
CONTRAINDICATIONS
Teeth with large pulp chamber
Severally periodontal weakened teeth
Large carious lesions
Handicapped elderly
Psychologically unsound
Economics
Esthetics
No isolation
Undesirable occlusal stress
High caries index
Inaccessible areas
Hypoplastictooth
Young permanent teeth
In case of underdeveloped roots

15. ClassIdesign:
•Outlineform–similartosilver
amalgam
•Assmallaspossible
•Pits–triangular,oblongorcircular
•Margins–straightorsmoothcurves
•Internaloutline-.5mmbelowDEJ
•Opposingwalls–paralleltoeach
other
•Mesialanddistalwalls–diverged
•Pulpalfloor–flat
•CSB-30to40º,0.2mm
Cavity varnish
Cut the mat gold
Adapt to the cavity
Malleting
burnishing
contouring
High lusture
PROCEDURE

16. ClassVdesign:
•Outlineform–Trapezoidal
•Margins
 Occlusal–straight
 Gingival–straight
 Mesialanddistal–extend
sufficiently
•Axialwall
 straightocclusogingivally
 Slightlycurvedmesiodistally
•Depth–1mmand0.75mm
•Sharplineandpointangles
Cavity varnish
Cut the mat gold
Adapt to the cavity
Malleting
burnishing
contouring
High lusture

17. ClassIIIdesign:
Ferrier’sdesign
•Entryismadefromthefacialsurface
•cariesisremovedbyano.1roundburand
theoutlineformismadewithapearshaped
bur.
•theretentivegroovesaremadewith33½
invertedconebur.
•Itsindicatedforthoselesionsthatextend
minimallyontothefacialsurface
•Soitsmostlyusedindistalsurfacesof
anteriorteeth.
•Generaloutlineistriangularinshape

18. LomaLindadesignforClassIII
•Thisdesignismadewithalingualaccess
•Soitsbestindicatedwhereestheticsisthemajorconcern
andwherecariousextentissuchthatthelingualmarginal
ridgeisinvolved.
•Generalshapeofthecavityistriangularwithrounded
corners

19. Ingrahamdesign:
•Itisforincipientproximallesionsin
anteriorteethwhereestheticsisthe
majorconcern
•Generalshapeisparallelogram
•Labialmarginisincontactarea,so
notvisiblelabially
•Retentiongroovesareplacedonthe
incisoaxialandgingivoaxialline
angles
•BevelmaybeplacedwithGMTon
allmargins
•Planeallwallswithhatchet.

20. ClassIIdesign:
•Outlineform–similartosilver
amalgam
•Assmallaspossible
•Proximalbox-coneform
•33½invertedconebur-flatgingival
wall.
•Sharplineanglesandpointangles
•Pulpalfloor–flat
•CSB-30to40º,0.2mm
Cavity varnish
Cut the mat gold
Adapt to the cavity
Malleting
burnishing
contouring
High lusture
PROCEDURE

21. ADVANTAGES
Permanent –lasts long
Do not tarnish and corrosion
Insoluble-Atraumatic-Discoloration
No cementing medium
Effective polish –plaque
Ductile –accurate margin
Develops skills-Efficient sealing
DISADVANTAGES
Un esthetic
Expensive
Long chair side time
Thermal conductivity
Technique sensitive
High condensation forces
Microleakageofdirectgoldrestoration.Edwardi.welsh,etal,jprosthdent;1989;
vol-51,no1
Goldfoilasanalternativeretrogradefillingmaterial.AurasaWetal;joralsurg;
1989;67;746-9
Isthereafutureforgoldfoil?Glennhbirkat,JOperativedent1995;vol-20;n0.2

22. CONCLUSION
Nometalorcombinationofmetalssearchdentistrysowelland
inawiderangeofapplicationasdoesthegoldanditsseveral
types.Withoutgoldasarestorativematerialthepracticeof
dentistrywouldbechangedsignificantlyasnoothermaterial
servesasitscompletesatisfactorysubstitute.
Soasaclinicianitisourdutytohavegoodknowledgeand
ideaaboutitsmanipulationandcavitypreparation.

23. 1.Skinnerstextbookofdentalmaterial
10
th
and11
th
editions
2.CraigOBrein–12
th
edition
3.Sturdevant’s –textbook of operative
dentistry-5
th
edition
4.Marzouk’s-1
st
edition
REFERENCES

24. Thank you