direct violence by syed muhammad sibte hassan.pptx

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1. Direct Violence Intimate Partner violence

2. What would you do?

3. Intimate partner violence and gender based violence Gender-based violence is a global pandemic that impacts the lives of one in three women worldwide. Domestic violence is the most common type of GBV, impacting one in four women. But violence takes many forms, including: Femicide, the killing of a woman because of her gender   Domestic violence, including familiar and intimate partner violence Violence and harassment in the workplace Sexual violence War crimes, including rape Sexual trafficking Female genital mutilation Forced marriage and child marriage Honor killings Psychological and emotional violence Patrimonial violence (the violation of a woman's property rights)

4. Common sentences Why doesn’t she leave? Why is she there, if its so bad? This makes this her fault. Her choices landed her in this situation.

5. World is a different place for a victim- see the abuse from their eyes. Only crime where the victim is blamed rather than the perpetrator. Women are 70 times more likely to be murdered immediately after leaving a domestic abuse situation. 20% homicide victims of GBV are people closer to the abused partner. Experience tells us that when a victim of violence speaks, they speak the language of the abuser. Because domestic violence is all about control. In victim’s head it’s the fear that keeps them reasonably safe.

6. galtung theory in terms of domestic violence

7. Changed perspective: its our collective responsibility. It’s a generational cycle as discussed in the theories of violence. Video- Survivor Centered Approach. Why is he hitting her? How can we stop him hitting her.

8. PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO INTIMATE VIOLENCE Abnormal Psychology and Personality Approaches Behavioral, Social and Attitudinal Approaches

9. sociological APPROACHES TO INTIMATE VIOLENCE Family Systems Gender Inequality

10. Homicide, democide and genocide Homicide occurs when an individual ends the life of another human being, whether intentionally or unintentionally. Criminal homicide generally involves a killing that was caused by either intent, negligence or by recklessness.

11. Criminal homicide is not necessarily murder, as many accidental deaths fall into this category. In any criminal homicide case, the exact circumstances of the event, the mind-set, or mental state, of the perpetrator, and intent are considered in determining what criminal charges, if any, should be leveled. The most common forms of criminal homicide include murder and  manslaughter.

12. Murder . Murder is the intentional killing of another person, or the accidental killing of another person while intentionally committing another crime. This is because the perpetrator should know that his illegal acts could cause the injury or death of another person, even if that was not his intent to begin with. Murder is broken down further into degrees, with first-degree murder being the most serious. Voluntary Manslaughter . Voluntary manslaughter refers to a situation in which the perpetrator intentionally killed the victim, though he had no prior thought or intent to kill. This might occur “in the heat of passion,” such as in an unexpected circumstance that causes the perpetrator to suddenly become mentally or emotionally distressed. Involuntary Manslaughter . Involuntary Manslaughter unintentionally causes the death of another person while engaged in negligent or reckless behavior. For a charge of involuntary manslaughter to apply, the perpetrator must have had no intent to kill the victim. This might apply to a young man who crashes his car while street racing, killing a bystander

13. Negligent homicide is the lowest offense in the homicide category, and may be charged when an individual causes the death of another person through criminal negligence. There is no intent to kill, or premeditation involved, however, the individual must have knowledge of the risk of great harm or death to occur from his actions or failure to act.

14. State-Sanctioned Homicide State-sanctioned homicide refers to the killing of a person with the consent, or sanction, of the government. The most obvious example of state-sanctioned homicide is  capital punishment , in which an individual who has been sentenced to the death penalty is killed by  prison  officials. State-sanctioned homicide also covers homicides committed in action during a war. The use of “deadly force” by law enforcement officials is technically covered under this type of homicide, though there are strict parameters for this act.

15. Vehicular Homicide The number of deaths caused by the operation of motor vehicles has risen to the point of gaining its own classification of homicide. Vehicular homicide refers to the killing of a person while negligently or recklessly operating a motor vehicle. Sometimes referred to as “ vehicular manslaughter ,” specific charges for vehicular homicide vary by jurisdiction. The victim of vehicular homicide may be any person, whether inside or outside the perpetrator’s car, such as a pedestrian or cyclist, a passenger in the vehicle, or another motorist.

16. First-Degree Vehicular Homicide This is a  felony  which results in 3 to 15 years in prison. Repeat or habitual offenders can serve longer sentences. A vehicular homicide meets the criteria for first degree if the driver: was under the influence of drugs or alcohol, was driving recklessly without regard for the safety of others, failed to stop, or fled from a law enforcement officer, or failed to stop after being involved in, or causing a collision. Was driving under the influence of drugs or alcohol Was driving recklessly without regard for the safety of others Failed to stop for, or fled from, a law enforcement officer Failed to stop after being involved in, or causing, a collision

17. Second-Degree Vehicular Homicide Second-degree homicide is a  misdemeanor  offense, and is usually defined simply as any type of homicide by vehicle that is not covered by first-degree vehicular homicide. The penalty for second-degree vehicular homicide might include up to one year in jail, a  fine , and probation.

18. Punishment for Homicide:  In Pakistan, an individual convicted of murder may be sentenced to serve  life imprisonment (25 years in prison) or may even be sentenced to death .

19. What are the differences and similarities between democide and genocide? D emocide is any murder by government--by officials acting under the authority of government.  Genocide. This makes genocide a punishable crime under international law, and defines it as: any of the following acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group, as such: (a) Killing members of the group; (b) Causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group; (c) Deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part; (d) Imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group; (e) Forcibly transferring children of the group to another group.

20. THE ROOTS OF GROUP VIOLENCE . Difficult Life Conditions as a Source of Group Violence - severe economic problems, great political conflict, rapid and substantial social change and their combinations. Psychological Responses - adopt new ideologies, conceptions or visions of how to organize society or the world - scapegoating others. The Evolution of Destructiveness - people learn by doing. Engaging in harmful acts changes individual perpetrators, bystanders, societal norms and institutions, and the entire culture. Cultural/Societal Characteristics: Cultural devaluation evolves because it serves a number of functions, like strengthening identity by elevating one's group over another or justifying the lesser status or rights of some group. A monolithic society and pluralistic society. Obedience to authority. Nature of the political systems. Unhealed group trauma.

21. The Role of Leaders and Elites: Leaders often magnify differences between groups in power and status, adopt or create destructive ideologies, and use propaganda to enhance devaluation of and fear of the other. They create organizations that are potential instruments of violence-for example, paramilitary organizations, which have been used as tools of collective violence.

22. the Passivity and Complicity of Bystander Internal bystanders and external bystanders :Their active opposition can reawaken the perpetrators' moral values, challenge the exclusion of victims from the moral universe, cause concern about retaliation or punishment, and make harm-doing costly. Lack of engagement may escalate the conflict. Perpetrators are confirmed in the rightness of their cause by the passivity of bystanders

23. THE POTENTIAL OF BYSTANDERS: BYSTANDER ACTIONS TO HALT VIOLENCE The Issue of Intervention: The earlier Nations who respond to human rights violations quicker, the less committed will perpetrators be and more likely it is that they can be stopped without the use of force. Effective response requires the creation of institutions to provide early warning and, even more importantly, to activate responses.

24. The Types of Actions Required Early warning Public demands Sanctions and boycotts

25. Healing and Reconciliation Essential to preventing later violence by them Testimonials, memorials, and ceremonies commemorating victimization and suffering can also promote healing. Dialogue, Problem-solving Workshops, Awareness campaigns, and Other Contact Dialogue Truth Commissions and Tribunals. Children: Inclusive Caring and Moral Courage - creation of communities that provide people with identity and connection, not separation or opposition.

26. Quiz 2: Direct Violence – Objective type Quiz