Disaster Management for UPSC mains General studies paper 3

For UPSC mains

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16. Q.The frequency of urban floods due to high intensity rainfall is
increasing over the years. Discussing the reasons for urban floods,
highlight the mechanisms for preparedness to reduce the risk during
such events. [200 Words] [12.5 Marks] [2016]
Mechanisms for Preparedness to Reduce Risk
Infrastructure Improvements:
Upgraded Drainage Systems: Enhance and expand urban drainage infrastructure to
manage high-intensity rainfall.
Green Infrastructure: Implement solutions such as permeable pavements, green
roofs, and rain gardens to improve water absorption and reduce runoff.
Early Warning Systems:
Weather Forecasting: Develop and maintain advanced forecasting systems to
provide early warnings of heavy rainfall and potential flooding.
Public Alerts: Use multiple communication channels to disseminate flood warnings
and safety instructions to residents.
Urban Planning and Zoning:
Flood-Prone Area Regulations: Avoid construction in high-risk flood zones and
enforce flood-resilient building codes.
Sustainable Development: Incorporate flood risk assessments into urban planning
and land-use decisions.
Community Preparedness:
Emergency Response Plans: Develop and regularly update flood response plans at
the community level.
Public Education: Educate residents about flood risks, safety measures, and
evacuation procedures.
Restoration and Recovery:
Resilient Rebuilding: Use flood-resistant construction practices in the rebuilding
process to enhance future resilience.
Damage Assessment: Conduct rapid assessments to identify and address damage
promptly.
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