Disaster Management U 2_Lecture - III.pptx

Unit II

1. Disaster Preparedness & Planning Management Unit – II Disasters Lecture 2 - droughts

2. Drought When does a drought occur? Minimal amount of rainfall or no rainfall for a prolonged period of time. Condition for drought? A drought can last for months or years, or may be declared after as few as 15 days. 2

3. Factors causing Drought Balance between demand and supply of water gets disturbed. Contamination of usable water. Sudden change in the climate. Soil loses the water storage capacity. 3

4. Types of Drought Meteorological drought Occurs when the average rainfall is below for an extended period. Agricultural drought Occurs when the soil moisture is not sufficient to support the production of crops. Hydrological drought Occurs when the water levels in aquifers, lakes and reservoirs fall below the average levels. 4

5. Impacts of Drought Economic impacts Environmental impacts Social impacts 5

6. Impacts of Drought Economic impacts Environmental impacts Social impacts 6 Lower yields Poor quality of crops Requires money to arrange water sources. Damage to Aquatic life. Loss in fishery production Loss for tourism industry. Boating, rafting, fishing.

7. Impacts of Drought Economic impacts Environmental impacts Social impacts 7 Loss to hydroelectric power plants. Loss to transportation industry.

8. Impacts of Drought Economic impacts Environmental impacts Social impacts 8 The endangered species are at an increased stress. Wildlife may leave the drought stricken areas. Drought causes the soil to dry.

9. Impacts of Drought Economic impacts Environmental impacts Social impacts 9 Mental stress and Physical stress on people. Loss of life due to mental stress and Physical stress on people. Reduction in recreational activities. Fire fighting ability reduces. Reduction in nutrition.

10. Drought control measures Does drought and floods occur in the same region but at different times? Factors: Absence of Rainfall Low and High Stream Flows Low and High Ground water Levels Reasons: Extreme climate change. Anthropogenic activities. 10

11. Drought control measures 11