Disaster_management.very important__.ppt

Disaster management and relief

1. Disaster management in India
Anand Patwardhan
IIT-Bombay

2. Anand Patwardhan, IIT-Bombay 2
Why?
Climate change is likely to be perceived
through experience of extreme weather
events
Therefore, response to climate change
will perhaps happen through adaptation
to climate hazards
Important to characterize the institutional
mechanisms and structures in place for
responding to natural (and climate-
related) disasters

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Mortality due to natural hazards
1990 - 2000

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Average annual impacts from
natural hazards
Mortality: 3600
Crop area: 1.42 million hectares
Property (houses): 2.36 million dwellings

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Exposure to natural hazards
40 million hectares flood prone (5% of area)
54% area exposed to seismic activity
East coast of India and Gujarat (West coast)
exposed to cyclone risk
A preliminary assessment of exposure to major
hazard categories has been done in 1996-1998
(as a part of IDNDR) by the Building Materials
Technology Promotion Council of the Ministry of
Urban Development. Check:
http://www.bmtpc.org/disaster.htm
Trying to put this information in a GIS format

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Disaster management
Climate hazards within overall context of
disaster management
Statutory responsibility of state governments
Central government provides logistic and
financial support
Elaborate response mechanism at national level
State level responses vary
National coordinating body: National Disaster
Management Cell (NDMC), Department of
Agriculture and Co-operation, Ministry of
Agriculture (http://www.ndmindia.nic.in/)

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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA : NODAL MINISTRIES /
DEPARTMENT FOR DISASTER MANAGEMENT
DISASTERS NODAL MINISTRIES
Natural Disasters Agriculture
Air Accidents Civil Aviation
Civil Strife Home Affairs
Railway Accidents Railways
Chemical Disasters Environment
Biological DisastersHealth & family Welfare
Nuclear Accident Atomic Energy

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National response mechanism

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MANAGEMENT MECHANISM
*Integrated Administrative Machinery
* National Contingency Action Plan -
identify initiatives by various agencies
* Department of Agriculture &
Cooperation - the Nodal Department
* Central Relief Commissioner - Chief
Nodal Officer at National level
* State/District Contingency Plans and
Relief Manuals

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Natural Disaster Response-
Government of India
National Crisis Management
Committee(NCMC) under Cabinet
Secretary
Crisis Management Group(CMG)
under Central Relief Commissioner
Group of Ministers, Group of
Secretaries and High Level
Committees-Need base

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GOI Departments for Disaster
Response
Armed Forces-Ministry of
Defence
Central Para Military Forces-
Ministry of Home Affairs
International Response- Ministry
of External Affairs

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GOI Departments for Disaster
Response
Ministries/Departments :
Rural Development, Drinking Water Supply Power,
Telecom , Health, Urban Development
Food & Public Distribution, Shipping
Surface Transport, Railways, Civil Aviation
Women & Child Development
Water Resources, Animal Husbandry
India Meteorological Department(IMD)

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DISASTER MANAGEMENT POLICY-
SALIENT FEATURES
* Recognition of linkages between natural
disasters and development
* Connecting of specific programmes like
DPAP, DDP, NWDPRA and Wasteland
Development Programme for managing
natural disasters
* Emphasis on forecasting and warning using
advanced technology

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CENTRAL SECTOR SCHEME FOR DISASTER
MANAGEMENT - SALIENT FEATURES
* Human resource Development
* Setting up of National Centre for Disaster
Management (NCDM)
* Setting up of Disaster Management Faculties
in States
* Programmes for Community Participation
and Public Awareness
* Observing National Disaster Reduction Day
* Activities to achieve the goals and objectives
of IDNDR/ISDR

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External Assistance -Policy
No formal appeal for external
assistance made for relief
External assistance,if offered as
solidarity accepted with gratitude
Gujarat earthquake- international
response overwhelming
Bi-lateral agreements suggested by
some countries for emergency
response

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DISASTER RESPONSE ARRANGEMENTS IN
THE STATES
STATE CABINET
STATES CRISIS MANAGEMENT
GROUP: HEADED BY CHIEF
SECRETARY.
INSTITUTION OF RELIEF
COMMISSIONERS IN STATES
STATES/DISTRICTS CONTINGENCY
PLAN S / RELIEF CODES.

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Example: AP cyclone hazard
mitigation project outcomes
Hazard mitigation studies (international
consultants)
IMD early warning capacity through Doppler
radar
Infrastructure creation and restoration
Floods – drains & embankments
Road restoration
Storm shelters
Electricity transmission and distribution
What about system / process capabilities?

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Observations
Recognition of linkage between natural hazards and
development
Connecting developmental programs (DPAP, NWDB)
to disaster management
Forecasting and warning (technology use)
Contingency planning
Foodgrain availability
Preparedness
Adaptive capacity by creating a management
system
However, focus still on relief; recovery and adaptive
capacity not thought through

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Underlying questions
How can we evaluate the portfolio of
disaster management projects to:
Assess implications of climate change for
project benefits?
Assess implications of project for reducing
vulnerability to climate change?
Related question:
How can we incrementally adjust project
design or implementation to enhance climate
change related benefits?